植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 616-620.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0059

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光照、水深交互作用对松嫩湿地芦苇种子萌发的影响

刘波1,2, 吕宪国1,*(), 姜明1, 张文广1, 武海涛1   

  1. 1中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102
    2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2014-11-18 接受日期:2015-04-14 出版日期:2015-06-01 发布日期:2015-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 吕宪国
  • 作者简介:

    *作者简介:E-mail:dengchuanyuan@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    基金项目 国家自然科学基金(41301606、41101091和41371261)和国家科技部基础工作专项(2013- FY111800)

Effects of light and water depth on seed germination of Phragmites australis in the wetlands of Songnen Plain

LIU Bo1,2, LÜ Xian-Guo1,*(), JIANG Ming1, ZHANG Wen-Guang1, WU Hai-Tao1   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2014-11-18 Accepted:2015-04-14 Online:2015-06-01 Published:2015-07-02
  • Contact: Xian-Guo LÜ
  • About author:

    # Co-first authors

摘要:

莫莫格国家级自然保护区位于松嫩平原西部, 以保护白鹤(Grus leucogeranus)等珍稀水禽及其栖息地为主要目的。扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis)是莫莫格湿地的重要植物, 也是白鹤在该区停栖的主要食源植物。莫莫格湿地水文恢复后, 芦苇(Phragmites australis)等高大挺水植物大量出现, 阻碍了扁秆藨草的恢复。种子萌发是植物生活史的重要阶段, 对于认识野外植物群落动态和植被管理十分重要。该研究在人工气候箱模拟野外环境条件, 分析了光照(全光、遮阴、黑暗)、水深(0、5、15和30 cm)及其交互作用对芦苇种子萌发的影响。结果表明: 光照和水深变化明显影响芦苇种子的萌发; 最终萌发比例在遮阴和黑暗条件下明显比在全光下高, 在3种光照处理下较深水位(5-30 cm)均抑制了芦苇种子的萌发。芦苇种子萌发也明显受光照和水深交互作用的影响; 在全光条件下, 萌发比例在0 cm水深(86.67% ± 2.36%)显著高于其他较深水位; 在遮阴和黑暗环境下, 0 cm水深与其他水深处理间的差异明显缩小, 这应是在遮阴和黑暗条件下(不考虑水深)萌发比例较高的重要原因。因此, 在芦苇建群初期, 及时进行清除处理并保持一定地表水位可以限制芦苇通过有性繁殖更新, 同时改善地表光辐射等生境条件, 促进扁秆藨草恢复。

关键词: 光照, 莫莫格湿地, 芦苇, 种子萌发, 水深

Abstract: <i>Aims</i>

Excessive growth of undesired plants, including ruderal natives and tall wetland species, posts great threat to wetland restoration. In this study, we examined the seed germination of Phragmites australis, an undesired species, to evaluate its impact on the restoration of desired Scirpus planiculmis and to provide scientific basis for vegetation management in Momoge wetland.

<i>Methods</i>

The germination experiment was conducted in incubators to examine the effects of light intensity (full light, green shade and dark environment) and water depth (0, 5, 15 and 30 cm), based on field observation, on seed germination of P. australis.

<i>Important findings</i>

Percentage germination of P. australis was significantly higher under “green shade” or “dark” environment than under “full light”. The species had the highest germination rate (86.67% ± 2.36%) at 0 cm water depth under the three light conditions. The interaction between light intensity and water depth on seed germination was significant (p < 0.05) indicating that under different light conditions, increase of water depth decreased seed germination rates at different degrees. We recommend to remove the litter and P. australis to increase light penetration, and to maintain a stable water depth for effectively inhibiting the regeneration of Phragmites and enhance the restoration of S. planiculmis.

Key words: light condition, Momoge wetland, Phragmites australis, seed germination, water depth