植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 442-452.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0171

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1992-2015年鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林群落结构动态

邹顺1,2,周国逸1,张倩媚1*(),徐姗1,熊鑫1,2,夏艳菊1,2,刘世忠1,孟泽1,褚国伟1   

  1. 1 中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650
    2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-03-08
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41430529)和中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDJ-SSW-DQC003);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41430529), and the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDJ-SSW-DQC003).

Long-term (1992-2015) dynamics of community composition and structure in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

Shun ZOU1,2,Guo-Yi ZHOU1,Qian-Mei ZHANG1*(),Shan XU1,Xin XIONG1,2,Yan-Ju XIA1,2,Shi-Zhong LIU1,Ze MENG1,Guo-Wei CHU1   

  1. 1 South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-03-08

摘要:

季风常绿阔叶林是中国南亚热带地区的地带性植被, 其群落结构及其动态变化直接影响着该森林能为该地区提供的生态系统服务功能质量。该文利用1992-2015年共24年的长期定点监测数据, 从群落种类组成、生物量、径级、密度等数量特征方面研究了鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林群落结构的动态变化。结果表明: 1)到2015年该森林群落林分个体密度增加了42.7%, 总生物量减少了5.1%; 24年间基于生物量的β多样性指数群落差异为37.4%, 基于个体数的差异则高达65.6%; 2)灌木和小乔木的个体数剧增, 生物量增大, 中乔木和大乔木的个体数变化虽不显著, 但生物量显著降低; 3)小径级(胸径<15 cm)个体数呈显著增加趋势, 其他径级个体数也有显著变化, 但各径级生物量变化基本不显著; 4)香楠(Aidia canthioides)、鼎湖血桐(Macaranga sampsonii)、柏拉木(Blastus cochinchinensis)等物种个体数急剧增加, 锥(Castanopsis chinensis)、木荷(Schima superba)、黄果厚壳桂(Cryptocarya concinna)等树种生物量大量减少, 白颜树(Gironniera subaequalis)、窄叶半枫荷(Pterospermum lanceifolium)等树种生物量增加, 这些物种是群落结构变化的主要贡献者。鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林群落结构在1992-2015年发生了巨大变化, 与演替、虫害和气候变化等影响有关。

关键词: 林分密度, 生物量, 多样性, 长期, 季风常绿阔叶林

Abstract:

Aims The monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (MEBF) is the dominant vegetation type in the subtropics of Eurasian continent. It provides vital ecosystem services and supports the socioeconomic development of the societies. Recent literature indicated that the MEBF had been greatly affected by the changing climate and other disturbances such as outbreaks of insects and, consequently, shifted its species composition and structure. In this study, we aim at the long-term changes of plant species and community structure in the MEBF.

Methods Species names, diameters at breast height (DBH), and tree heights of all trees with DBH ≥ 1.0 cm were recorded in 1992, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2015 in a 1-hm 2 monitoring plot in the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve. We quantified the long-term changes over this 24-year study period by species composition, biological diversity, aboveground biomass, DBH frequency table, and stand density by species.

Important findings Important findings From 1992 to 2015, the stand density increased by 42.7% while the total biomass decreased by 5.1%. The β diversity based on biomass and stand density indicated that the diversity increased by 37.4% and 65.6%, respectively, from 1992 to 2015. More importantly, the number of small arbor and shrubs, and smaller trees (DBH < 15 cm) also increased sharply, with major contributions from Aidia canthioides, Macaranga sampsonii and Blastus cochinchinensis. In contrast, the change in stand biomass was more from biomass decrease of Castanopsis chinensis, Schima superba and Cryptocarya concinna, but increase of Gironniera subaequalis and Pterospermum lanceifolium. We conclude that the changes on community composition and structure in the MEBF were significant, which was resulted from a combined influence of succession, changes in climate, and insect outbreaks.

Key words: stand density, biomass, diversity, long term, monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest