松嫩平原退化草地羊草种子萌发对环境因子的响应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00812

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了温度(恒温和变温)、水分(含水量2.5%-40.0%)和干旱胁迫、土壤类型(盐碱土和非盐碱土)和盐碱胁迫(NaCl和Na₂CO₃)等环境因子对羊草(Leymus chinensis)种子萌发的影响。恒温下未经打破休眠处理的羊草种子发芽率不足2%, 变温下羊草种子发芽率可达85.3%, 表明温度是影响羊草种子萌发的关键因素之一。羊草种子萌发的适宜土壤含水量为2.5%-15.0%, 随着含水量继续增加, 发芽率呈下降趋势。松嫩平原盐碱化土壤对羊草种子萌发具有显著的抑制作用, 羊草种子在重度盐碱土(pH 10.24)中发芽率仅为6.0%, 而在非盐碱土中发芽率可达61.3%。羊草种子在萌发阶段的耐盐碱能力差, 随着NaCl和Na₂CO₃浓度增加, 发芽率呈显著下降趋势, 且Na₂CO₃的抑制作用更强。松嫩平原盐碱环境下羊草种子萌发受到抑制是该地区羊草草地退化的原因之一。

关键词: 休眠, 生态因子, 萌发, 羊草, 盐碱

Abstract:

Aims Our objective is to study the seed germination of Leymus chinensis in response to critical environmental factors, including temperature, water content and drought stress, type of soils and the saline-alkali stress, in order to explain the mechanisms of degradation of L. chinensis grassland on Songnen Plain in China.
Methods We investigated seed germination of L. chinensis under four temperature regimes (two constant 28 °C and 35 °C and three fluctuating 5/28 °C, 5/35 °C and 16/28 °C), 2.5%-40.0% water content and 0-30% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) solution simulating drought stresses, two types of soils (saline-alkali and non-saline-alkali) and two kinds of salts (NaCl with concentrations from 0 to 500 mmol∙L^-1 and Na₂CO₃ from 0 to 100 mmol∙L^-1).
Important findings Fluctuating temperature is a necessary condition for high seed germination of L. chinensis. One of the reasons for grassland degradation in this area is the degraded soil environment where seeds of L. chinensis could not regenerate.

Key words: dormancy, environmental factor, germination, Leymus chinensis, saline-alkali

马红媛, 吕丙盛, 杨昊谕, 闫超, 梁正伟. 松嫩平原退化草地羊草种子萌发对环境因子的响应. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(8): 812-818. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00812

MA Hong-Yuan, LÜ Bing-Sheng, YANG Hao-Yu, YAN Chao, LIANG Zheng-Wei. Responses of seed germination of Leymus chinensis to environmental factors in degraded grassland on Songnen Plain in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(8): 812-818. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00812

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00812

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I8/812

图/表 5

图1 恒温和变温条件下羊草种子的发芽进程(平均值±标准误差)。

Fig. 1 Germination course of Leymus chinensis seeds under constant and fluctuating temperature conditions (mean ± SE).

图2 土壤含水量对羊草种子发芽率的影响(平均值±标准误差)。不同字母表示不同土壤含水量下发芽率差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of soil water content on germination percentage of Leymus chinensis seeds (mean ± SE). Significant differences in germination percentage under different soil water content treatments are denoted by different lowercases (p < 0.05).

图3 不同浓度的聚乙二醇(PEG) 6000溶液对羊草种子发芽率的影响(平均值±标准误差)。不同字母表示不同PEG浓度下发芽率差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 solution with different concentrations on germination percentage of Leymus chinensis seeds (mean ± SE). Significant differences in germination percentage under different PEG concentrations are denoted by different lowercases (p < 0.05).

图4 土壤类型对羊草种子发芽率的影响(平均值±标准误差)。

Fig. 4 Effects of soil type on germination percentage of Leymus chinensis seeds (mean ± SE).

图5 NaCl和Na2CO3胁迫对羊草种子萌发的影响(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示不同盐浓度对相应的发芽指标的影响存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Effects of NaCl and Na2CO3 stresses on germination of Leymus chinensis seeds (mean ± SE). Significant differences in corresponding germination indexes under different salt concentrations are denoted by different lowercases (p < 0.05).

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