中国森林生态系统凋落叶分解速率的分布特征及其控制因子

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00049

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 529-539.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00049

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

中国森林生态系统凋落叶分解速率的分布特征及其控制因子

唐仕姗¹,杨万勤¹,殷睿¹,熊莉¹,王海鹏²,王滨¹,张艳¹,彭艳君¹,陈青松³,徐振锋^1,^*()

¹四川农业大学生态林业研究所, 四川林业生态工程重点实验室, 成都 611130
²四川农业大学水稻研究所, 成都 611130
³四川农业大学土壤环境重点实验室, 成都 611130

收稿日期:2014-01-02 接受日期:2014-03-27 出版日期:2014-01-02 发布日期:2014-06-10
通讯作者: 徐振锋
基金资助:
基金项目国家自然科学基金(31170423);基金项目国家自然科学基金(31270498);基金项目国家自然科学基金(31200474);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05);四川省杰出青年学术与技术带头人培育项目(2012JQ0008);四川省杰出青年学术与技术带头人培育项目(012JQ0059);中国博士后科学基金(2013M540714);中国博士后科学基金(2012T50782)

Spatial characteristics in decomposition rate of foliar litter and controlling factors in Chinese forest ecosystems

TANG Shi-Shan¹,YANG Wan-Qin¹,YIN Rui¹,XIONG Li¹,WANG Hai-Peng²,Wang Bin¹,ZHANG Yan¹,PENG Yan-Jun¹,CHEN Qing-Song³,XU Zhen-Feng^1,^*()

¹Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
²Rice Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
³Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2014-01-02 Accepted:2014-03-27 Online:2014-01-02 Published:2014-06-10
Contact: XU Zhen-Feng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

凋落物分解是森林生态系统碳循环的重要组成部分。建立中国森林凋落叶分解速率数据库, 分析凋落叶分解速率与其主要影响因素之间的关系, 对精确地预测中国森林生态系统碳收支具有重要意义。该研究通过收集已报道的中国森林凋落叶分解常数(k)及其相关变量, 分析探讨地理因素(纬度、经度和海拔)、气候因素(年平均气温和年降水量)、凋落叶质量(氮、磷、钾、木质素、木质素:氮和碳氮比)和叶特性(常绿与落叶、阔叶与针叶)对中国森林凋落叶分解速率的影响。结果表明, 在国家尺度上, k随年平均气温、年降水量、氮、磷和钾的增加而增加, 随纬度、经度、海拔、碳氮比、木质素和木质素:氮的增大而减小, 叶特性对k的影响不显著。气候与地理因素(年平均气温、年降水量和纬度)能解释k值变异的34.1%, 凋落叶质量(氮、钾、木质素和木质素:氮)能解释k值变异的21.7%, 它们能共同解释k值变异的74.4%。了解森林凋落叶分解速率在国家尺度上的格局和主控因素可为中国森林生态系统碳循环相关模型提供基础参数。

关键词: 气候因素, 分解速率, 叶凋落物, 凋落叶质量, 地理因素

Abstract:

Aims We aim to construct a national database for decomposition rate of forest foliar litter and to investigate the effects of controlling factors concerning geography (i.e. latitude, longitude, and altitude), climate (i.e. mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation), and litter quality (i.e. the concentrations of N, P, K, and lignin, C:N ratio, and lignin:N ratio) on litter decomposition.
Methods We compiled a large dataset on decomposition constant (i.e. k value, which indicates the rate of litter decomposition) for foliar litter in Chinese forest ecosystems covering 74 study sites, and conducted simple and multiple regression analyses to explore the relationships of the k value with the controlling factors at the national scale.
Important findings The k value showed a tendency to decrease with latitude, longitude, altitude, lignin content, C:N, and lignin:N of litter, and to increase with mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, and litter nutrient concentrations (N, P and K) at the national scale. Single factors such as climate, litter quality, and geographic variable only explained 0.1%-30.3% of the variation in the rate of litter decomposition. However, a combination of climatic factors (mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation) and latitude accounted for 34.1% of the variation in the rate of litter decomposition. Similarly, a combination of N, K, lignin, and lignin:N accounted for 21.7% of the variation in the rate of litter decomposition. Altitude, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, N, K, and lignin:N collectively accounted for 74.4% of the variation in the rate of litter decomposition. Our results suggest that climate is the most important regulator of litter decomposition at the national scale and that the effects of litter quality is relatively small compared to climate.

Key words: climatic factor, decomposition rate, foliar litter, foliar litter quality, geographic factor

唐仕姗,杨万勤,殷睿,熊莉,王海鹏,王滨,张艳,彭艳君,陈青松,徐振锋. 中国森林生态系统凋落叶分解速率的分布特征及其控制因子. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(6): 529-539. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00049

TANG Shi-Shan,YANG Wan-Qin,YIN Rui,XIONG Li,WANG Hai-Peng,Wang Bin,ZHANG Yan,PENG Yan-Jun,CHEN Qing-Song,XU Zhen-Feng. Spatial characteristics in decomposition rate of foliar litter and controlling factors in Chinese forest ecosystems. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(6): 529-539. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00049

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00049

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I6/529

图/表 6

图1 凋落物分解常数(k)与决定系数(R2)的相对频率分布。

Fig. 1 Relative frequency distribution of litter decomposition constant (k) and coefficient of determination (R2).

图2 凋落物分解常数(k)与地理因素之间的关系。A, 纬度。B, 气候带(热带, 亚热带, 温带)。C, 经度。D, 海拔。

Fig. 2 Relationships between litter decomposition constant (k) and geographical factors. A, Latitude. B, Climate zone (tropical zone, subtropical zone, and temperate zone). C, Longitude. D, Altitude.

表1 凋落物分解速率与地理、气候因素及凋落物质量之间的回归分析

Table 1 Regressions of litter decomposition with geographic factors, climatic factors, and litter quality

变量 Variable	回归分析 Regression analysis	n	R²
气候或地理因素	k = 0.288 + 0.023MAT	311	0.303**
Climatic or geographic factor	k = 0.501 + 0.018MAT - 0.005LAT	311	0.306**
	k = 0.204 + 0.016MAT + 0.0001MAP	311	0.341**
	k = 0.240 - 0.0008LAT + 0.015MAT + 0.0001MAP	311	0.341**
质量因素 Quality factor	k = 0.387 + 0.013N	159	0.038*
	k = 0.405 + 0.034K	119	0.090**
	k = 0.109 + 0.021N + 0.028K + 0.002LIGN/N	76	0.192**
	k = -0.090 + 0.037N + 0.031K + 0.012 LIGN/N - 0.0009LIGN	76	0.217**
综合因素 Comprehensive factor	k = 0.446 + 0.023MAT - 0.007LIGN/N	76	0.560**
	k = 1.283 - 0.002MAT - 0.018LAT - 0.007LIGN/N	76	0.627**
	k = 0.056 + 0.001MAT + 0.0002MAP - 0.003LAT + 0.010N + 0.032K	76	0.733**
	k = 0.300 + 0.001MAT + 0.0002MAP - 0.003LAT + 0.001N + 0.027K - 0.004LIGN/N	76	0.744**

图3 凋落物分解常数(k)与气候因素之间的关系。A, 年平均气温。B, 年降水量。

Fig. 3 Relationships between litter decomposition constant (k) and climatic factors. A, Mean annual temperature. B, Mean annual precipitation.

图4 凋落物分解常数(k)与初始质量之间的关系。A, 初始氮含量。B, 初始磷含量。C, 初始钾含量。D, 初始木质素含量。E, 初始C:N。F, 初始木质素:N。

Fig. 4 Relationships between litter decomposition constant (k) and initial litter quality. A, Initial N content. B, Initial P content. C, Initial K content. D, Initial lignin content. E, Initial C:N. F, Initial lignin:N.

图5 凋落物分解常数(k)与叶性质之间的关系(平均值±标准偏差)。A, 叶习性(常绿, 落叶)。B, 树种类型(阔叶, 针叶)。

Fig. 5 Relationships between litter decomposition constant (k) and leaf characters (mean ± SD). A, Leaf habit (evergreen and deciduous). B, Tree species type (broad-leaved and coniferous).

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中国森林生态系统凋落叶分解速率的分布特征及其控制因子

Spatial characteristics in decomposition rate of foliar litter and controlling factors in Chinese forest ecosystems

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