四种作物光下暗呼吸速率降低的原因

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00105

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 1110-1116.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00105

四种作物光下暗呼吸速率降低的原因

康华靖¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 李红⁴, 权伟⁴, 欧阳竹¹^,²^,³^,^**()

¹温州科技职业学院, 浙江温州 325006
²中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络观测与模拟重点试验室, 北京 100101
³中国科学院禹城综合试验站, 北京 100101
⁴中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2014-03-06 接受日期:2014-06-04 出版日期:2014-03-06 发布日期:2021-04-20
通讯作者: 欧阳竹
作者简介:** E-mail: ouyz@igsnrr.ac.cn
* E-mail: kanghuajing@126.com
基金资助:
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所“一三五”战略科技计划项目(2012ZD004);浙江省教育厅项目(2013-A-116)

Causes of decreasing mitochondrial respiration under light in four crops

KANG Hua-Jing¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), LI Hong⁴, QUAN Wei⁴, OUYANG Zhu¹^,²^,³^,^**()

¹Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, China
²Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
³Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
⁴University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2014-03-06 Accepted:2014-06-04 Online:2014-03-06 Published:2021-04-20
Contact: OUYANG Zhu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以C₃作物(小麦, Triticum aestivum和大豆, Glycine max)和C₄作物(玉米, Zea mays和千穗谷, Amaranthus hypochondriacus)为例, 探讨了其光下暗呼吸速率降低的原因。结果表明, 2% O₂条件下, CO₂浓度为0时, 叶室CO₂浓度维持在0左右, 而胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)显著高于叶室CO₂浓度。分析认为这是由于此时植物的暗呼吸仍在正常进行。因此, 该测量条件下的表观光合速率应为CO₂浓度为0时的光下暗呼吸速率(R_d)。CO₂浓度为0时, 不同光强下的R_d均随光强的升高而降低, 且在低光强(50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)和高光强(2000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)之间存在显著差异, 说明光强对R_d具有较大影响。在2% O₂条件下, 经饱和光强充分活化而断光后, 以上4种作物叶片的暗呼吸速率(R_n)均随着时间的推移而下降, 说明光强并未抑制暗呼吸速率。试验结果表明, R_d的降低是由于CO₂被重新回收利用所导致, CO₂回收利用率随光强的升高而增大, 从低光强(50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)到高光强(2000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1), 小麦、大豆、玉米和千穗谷的回收利用率范围变动分别为22.65%-52.91%、22.40%-55.31%、54.24%-87.59%和72.43%-90.07%。

关键词: CO₂回收利用, 抑制, 光下暗呼吸, 光呼吸

Abstract:

Aims Despite the increasing attention given to the rate of mitochondrial respiration under light (R_d), considerable confusion persists over whether mitochondrial respiration in the dark (R_n) is inhibited by light and whether R_d is affected by light intensity. The objective of this study is to test the hypotheses: 1)R_n is not inhibited by light; 2) the rate of R_d changes with light intensity; and 3) the photosynthetic refixation of CO₂ produced by R_n accounts for the apparent disparity between R_d and R_n.
Methods In the present study, 0.02 mol·mol^-1 O₂ (i.e. 2% O₂) was used to saturate R_n and to inhibit photorespiration (R_p). By using combined gas exchange measurements and a low O₂ (2% O₂) method, the post-illumination CO₂ release rate of R_n, photosynthetic rate (P_n) in response to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in 2% O₂ at either 380 or 0 μmol·mol^-1 CO₂, of C₃ (Triticum aestivum and Glycine max) and C₄(Zea mays and Amaranthus hypochondriacus) plants, were measured.
Important finding R_n was not inhibited by light. At 2% O₂ and 0 μmol·mol^-1 CO₂, the measured parameters could be used to accurately estimate R_d when CO₂ concentration was set for 0 μmol·mol^-1. R_d decreased with increasing light intensity. Although R_d was lower in the dark, this could be accounted for by photosynthetic re-fixing of respiratory CO₂. For all plants tested, CO₂recovery rates increased with increasing light intensity (from 50 and 2 000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1).

Key words: CO₂ re-fixed, inhibition, mitochondrial respiration in the light, photorespiration

康华靖, 李红, 权伟, 欧阳竹. 四种作物光下暗呼吸速率降低的原因. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(10): 1110-1116. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00105

KANG Hua-Jing, LI Hong, QUAN Wei, OUYANG Zhu. Causes of decreasing mitochondrial respiration under light in four crops. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(10): 1110-1116. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00105

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图/表 6

图1 小麦(A)、大豆(B)、玉米(C)和千穗谷(D)的光响应曲线(平均值±标准偏差)。圆点(●)表示测量值, 黑线表示拟合值。PAR, 光合有效辐射; Pn, 净光合速率。

Fig. 1 Light response curves of photosynthesis for wheat (A), bean (B), maize (C) and three-colored amaranth (D) (mean ± SD). Dots (●) represent measured data, and black line represents fitted data. PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; Pn, net photosynthetic rate.

图2 380 μmol·mol-1 CO2浓度和2% O2下小麦(A)、大豆(B)、玉米(C)和千穗谷(D)断光后气孔导度(Gs)的动态变化(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 2 Dynamics of stomatal conductance (Gs) after light being turned off for wheat (A), bean (B), maize (C) and three-colored amaranth (D) at 380 μmol·mol-1 CO2and 2% O2(mean ± SD).

图3 380 μmol·mol-1 CO2浓度和2% O2浓度下小麦(A)、大豆(B)、玉米(C)和千穗谷(D)断光后暗呼吸速率(Rn)的动态变化(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 3 Dynamics of mitochondrial respiration (Rn) after light being turned off for wheat (A), bean (B), maize (C) and three-colored amaranth (D) at a CO2 concentration of 380 μmol·mol-1 and 2% O2(mean ± SD).

图4 2% O2和0 μmol·mol-1 CO2浓度下小麦(A)、大豆(B)、玉米(C)和千穗谷(D)的叶室CO2浓度(Cs)与胞间CO2浓度(Ci) (平均值±标准偏差)。PAR, 光合有效辐射。

Fig. 4 Leaf chamber CO2 concentration (Cs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) for wheat (A), bean (B), maize (C) and three-colored amaranth (D) at a CO2 concentration of 0 μmol·mol-1 and 2% O2(mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

图5 2% O2和0 μmol·mol-1CO2下小麦(A)、大豆(B)、玉米(C)和千穗谷(D)净光合速率(Pn) (平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 5 Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) for wheat (A), bean (B), maize (C) and three-colored amaranth (D) at a CO2 concentration of 0 μmol·mol-1 and 2% O2(mean ± SD).

图6 不同光合有效辐射(RAR)下0 μmol mol-1 CO2浓度和2% O2时小麦、大豆(左)和玉米、千穗谷(右)对暗呼吸CO2的回收利用率(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 6 Recovery of respiratory CO2 for wheat and bean (left), and maize and three-colored amaranth (right) at a CO2 concentration of 0 μmol·mol-1 and 2% O2under different photosynthetically active radication (PAR) (mean ± SD).

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四种作物光下暗呼吸速率降低的原因

Causes of decreasing mitochondrial respiration under light in four crops

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