植物生态学报 ›› 1987, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 296-307.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽宁章古台樟子松人工林水分动态的研究

焦树仁   

  • 发布日期:1987-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 焦树仁

Studies on the Hydrologic Dynamics in the Mongolian Pine Plantations in Zhanggutai, Liaoning Province

Jiao Shu-ren   

  • Published:1987-04-10
  • Contact: Jin Zhen-zhou

摘要: 本文根据1979—1985年的观测资料,对辽宁省彰武县章古台沙地樟子松人工林水分因子的分布与变化规律及其数量关系进行了分析。结果表明,樟子松人工固沙林的土壤含水率逐渐降低,25年生林分比无林对照区低1.08%。樟子松的蒸腾耗水量占同期降水量的34.7一71.4%,占林地水分输出总量的60.8—71.7%,是水分输出的主要途径,也是发生水分亏缺的主要因素。林分进行适当的疏伐和中耕,对改善水分状况,调整水分关系起一定作用。试验的结果还表明,章古台地区干旱年的降水量大致相当于科尔沁沙地其它地区正常年的降水量。因此,在这些地区大面积营造片状人工林,会导致水分亏缺问题。但若空留沙丘的中上部不营造乔木林,而利用水分条件比较好的沙丘下部、丘间低地进行带状造林或块状造林,则可能保持水分平衡,促进成林。

Abstract: According to the observation data of artificial Mongolian pine plantations in Zanggutai, Liaoning Province from 1979 to 1985, the soil water distribution, its rule of changes and their quantitative relationship were analysed in this article.The results showed that the soil water content in the pine plantations gradually decreased and was 1.08% lower in the 25-years stand than that in the treeless control area. Water consumption through tree transpiration, which accounted for 34.75%—71.4%of the precipitation and 60.8%—71.7%of the total amount of water consumption in the same period, was the principal way of water loss and the main factor inducing water deficiency.Reasonable thinning of the stand and soil cultivation might improve water conditions and play an important role in regulating water content. Besides, the yearly precipitation in Zhanggutai in arid years is equal to that in the Keerqin sandland district in normal years. To develop large scale plantations there might cause water deficiency. It was advisable to afforest strip-shapedly or patch-shapedly on the lower part of the dune or the low land between two dunes, but not on the upper part of the dune. In this way water equilibriun may be attained and affore-station may be successful.