Abstract: By studying the present vegetation in the Summer Villa, the largest imperial garden existing in China, watching the effect of tourism and urbanization on soil and plant, analysing the total contents of N,P, K and organic matter, water content and pH value in the soil, and the S and Pb contents in both the soils and plants in different habitats, we have found that the present vegetation doesn′s match with the chacteristics of the garden′s scenic beauty, its habitat isn't suitable, some parts of the garden are polluted by tourism and urbanization, and so on. From the vegetation-ecology point of view, we have proposed an ecological plan and desgin for the Summer Villa. The maps of the present and the planned vegetation have been drawn for practical use.