不同起源时期的3种被子植物对酸雨胁迫响应的光合生理生态特征

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.014

植物生态学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 125-133.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.014

不同起源时期的3种被子植物对酸雨胁迫响应的光合生理生态特征

蒋馥蔚¹, 江洪¹^,²^,³^,^*(), 李巍⁴, 余树全³, 曾波¹, 王艳红³

1 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 西南大学生命科学学院,重庆 400715
2 南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所,南京 210093
3 浙江林学院国际生态研究中心,杭州 311300
4 北京师范大学环境学院,北京 100875

收稿日期:2008-06-25 接受日期:2008-09-07 出版日期:2009-06-25 发布日期:2009-01-30
通讯作者: 江洪
作者简介:*E-mail: hongjiang.china@gmail.com
基金资助:
科技部973项目(2005CB422207);国家自然科学基金(40671132);科技部数据共享平台建设项目(2006DKA32300-08);科技部国际合作项目(200073819);科技基础性工作专项(2007FY110300-08)

PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE ANGIOSPERMS OF DIFFERENT EVOLUTIONARY AGES UNDER ACID RAIN STRESS

JIANG Fu-Wei¹, JIANG Hong¹^,²^,³^,^*(), LI Wei⁴, YU Shu-Quan³, ZENG Bo¹, WANG Yan-Hong³

¹Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
²International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
³International Ecological Center of Zhejiang Forestry College, Hangzhou 311300, China
⁴College of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2008-06-25 Accepted:2008-09-07 Online:2009-06-25 Published:2009-01-30
Contact: JIANG Hong
About author:*E-mail: hongjiang.china@gmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了验证起源时间较长的植物具有较强适应性的假设, 人工模拟酸雨胁迫, 研究了在不同酸雨处理下不同起源时期的3种被子植物乐东拟单性木兰(Parakmeria lotungensi)、石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)和山核桃(Carya cathayensis)的光合生理适应特性。实验设置了酸雨对照处理(pH 5.6)、中度酸雨胁迫处理(pH 4.0)和重度酸雨胁迫处理(pH 2.5), 并测定了这3种植物的光合特性。研究结果显示: 1)在不同强度的酸雨处理下, 乐东拟单性木兰的光合能力大小趋势为pH 2.5 > pH 4.0 > pH 5.6, 石栎则为pH 5.6 > pH 4.0 > pH 2.5, 但山核桃在酸雨处理之间差异不显著; 2)在酸雨对照处理(pH 5.6)中, 石栎的光合能力相对较高, 其次是乐东拟单性木兰, 山核桃最小。但在重度和中度酸雨胁迫下(pH ≤ 4.0), 3种植物光合能力的大小趋势为乐东拟单性木兰 > 石栎 > 山核桃, 且酸雨胁迫越严重, 上述趋势越明显。研究结果表明: 在重度酸雨胁迫下, 起源时间较早的乐东拟单性木兰表现出较高的光合与适应能力。从应用的角度出发, 建议考虑将乐东拟单性木兰作为酸雨灾害严重地区植被构建的物种之一。

关键词: 进化, 趋同适应, 植被构建, 中国亚热带, 乐东拟单性木兰, 石栎, 山核桃

Abstract:

Aims Our aims were to reveal the effects of acid rain stress on photosynthesis of three angiosperms (Parakmeria lotungensi, Lithocarpus glaber and Carya cathayensis) of different evolutionary ages, test the hypothesis that species with longer evolutionary time have higher adaptability and interpret results in terms of vegetation reconstruction in regions with severe acid rain.
Methods Three simulated acid rain treatments were randomly applied to the species: severe acid rain (pH 2.5), moderate acid rain (pH 4.0) and control (pH 5.6). The light response curves were determined in April 2007.
Important findings Under different acid rain treatments, maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_nmax) of P. lotungensi was in the order of pH 2.5 > pH 4.0 > pH 5.6, while that of L. glaber was pH 5.6 > pH 4.0 > pH 2.5 and there were no significant differences for C. cathayensis. In the control, the order of P_nmax was L. glaber > P. lotungensi > C. cathayensis. However, in the treatments with pH ≤ 4.0, the order was P. lotungensi > L. glaber > C. cathayensis. Therefore, P. lotungensi has higher photosynthetic capacity and higher adaptability than the other two species under acid rain stress. Compared with the other two species, P. lotungensi is a more favorable species for vegetation reconstruction in regions with severe acid rain.

Key words: evolution, convergent adaptation, vegetation construction, Chinese subtropical, Parakmeria lotungensi, Lithocarpus glaber, Carya cathayensis

蒋馥蔚, 江洪, 李巍, 余树全, 曾波, 王艳红. 不同起源时期的3种被子植物对酸雨胁迫响应的光合生理生态特征. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(1): 125-133. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.014

JIANG Fu-Wei, JIANG Hong, LI Wei, YU Shu-Quan, ZENG Bo, WANG Yan-Hong. PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE ANGIOSPERMS OF DIFFERENT EVOLUTIONARY AGES UNDER ACID RAIN STRESS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(1): 125-133. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.014

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参考文献 31

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项目 Item	树种 Species	重度酸雨胁迫 Severe acid rain (pH 2.5)	中度酸雨胁迫 Moderate acid rain (pH 4.0)	对照(CK) Control (pH 5.6)
最大净光合速率 P_nmax (μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	9.243±1.465^a	8.463±0.498^a	7.687±0.312^ab
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	7.225±0.569^ab	7.893±0.445^a	10.33±1.768^a
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	6.532±0.150^b	5.373±0.087^b	6.080±0.306^b
光饱和点 LSP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	356.67±85.35	189.50±17.51^ab	258.00±61.37^a
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	317.75±15.51	223.75±26.19^a	270.25±25.06^a
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	171.83±15.55	147.33±10.97^b	140.43±21.22^b
光补偿点 LCP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	16.33±1.408^a	17.23±2.178^b	31.53±6.155
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	29.17±11.836^ab	10.58±2.150^b	16.43±3.978
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	51.80±7.446^b	37.27±6.573^a	31.25±5.597
表观量子效率 AQE (CO₂·photon^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	0.043±0.014	0.050±0.003	0.040±0.011
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	0.041±0.010	0.040±0.007	0.040±0.004
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	0.056±0.004	0.049±0.004	0.059±0.007
暗呼吸速率 Rd (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	-0.501±0.144^a	-0.852±0.105^a	-1.130±0.182^a
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	-1.438±0.648^a	-0.459±0.147^a	-0.655±0.164^ab
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	-2.763±0.236^b	-1.857±0.403^b	-1.733±0.170^b

项目 Item	树种 Species	重度酸雨胁迫 Severe acid rain (pH 2.5)	中度酸雨胁迫 Moderate acid rain (pH 4.0)	对照(CK) Control (pH 5.6)
最大净光合速率 P_nmax (μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	9.243±1.465^a	8.463±0.498^a	7.687±0.312^ab
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	7.225±0.569^ab	7.893±0.445^a	10.33±1.768^a
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	6.532±0.150^b	5.373±0.087^b	6.080±0.306^b
光饱和点 LSP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	356.67±85.35	189.50±17.51^ab	258.00±61.37^a
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	317.75±15.51	223.75±26.19^a	270.25±25.06^a
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	171.83±15.55	147.33±10.97^b	140.43±21.22^b
光补偿点 LCP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	16.33±1.408^a	17.23±2.178^b	31.53±6.155
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	29.17±11.836^ab	10.58±2.150^b	16.43±3.978
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	51.80±7.446^b	37.27±6.573^a	31.25±5.597
表观量子效率 AQE (CO₂·photon^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	0.043±0.014	0.050±0.003	0.040±0.011
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	0.041±0.010	0.040±0.007	0.040±0.004
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	0.056±0.004	0.049±0.004	0.059±0.007
暗呼吸速率 Rd (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	乐东拟单性木兰 Parakmeria lotungensi	-0.501±0.144^a	-0.852±0.105^a	-1.130±0.182^a
	石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	-1.438±0.648^a	-0.459±0.147^a	-0.655±0.164^ab
	山核桃 Carya cathayensis	-2.763±0.236^b	-1.857±0.403^b	-1.733±0.170^b

不同起源时期的3种被子植物对酸雨胁迫响应的光合生理生态特征

PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE ANGIOSPERMS OF DIFFERENT EVOLUTIONARY AGES UNDER ACID RAIN STRESS

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