植物生态学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 454-463.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00047

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

迷迭香对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其诱导挥发性有机化合物的释放

刘芳1,左照江1,许改平1,吴兴波1,郑洁1,高荣孚2,张汝民1,高岩1,*()   

  1. 1浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地, 浙江临安 311300
    2北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院, 北京 100083
  • 发布日期:2013-05-16
  • 通讯作者: 高岩
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然基金(30972397);国家自然基金(31270756);浙江农林大学科研发展基金(2010FR058)

Physiological responses to drought stress and the emission of induced volatile organic compounds in Rosmarinus officinalis

LIU Fang1,ZUO Zhao-Jiang1,XU Gai-Ping1,WU Xing-Bo1,ZHENG Jie1,GAO Rong-Fu2,ZHANG Ru-Min1,GAO Yan1,*()   

  1. 1The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an, Zhejiang 311300, China
    2College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
  • Published:2013-05-16
  • Contact: GAO Yan

摘要:

为探讨干旱胁迫对迷迭香(Rosmarinus officinalis)生理生化特性及挥发性有机化合物(VOC)释放规律的影响, 该文采用盆栽称重控水法研究了轻度(LD)、中度(MD)和重度(SD)干旱胁迫对迷迭香二年生实生苗叶片细胞膜透性、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和丙二醛(MDA)含量以及脂氧合酶和抗氧化保护酶活性的影响, 并采用热脱附/气相色谱/质谱联用技术对不同干旱胁迫下迷迭香释放的挥发性有机化合物成分进行了分析。结果表明: 干旱胁迫对迷迭香叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量有明显的影响, MD和SD处理12天时其含量极显著地增加(p < 0.01), 与对照相比可溶性糖分别增加了51.5%和87.4%, 可溶性蛋白质含量分别增加了0.82和1.40倍。在MD和SD胁迫下, 超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶对干旱胁迫的响应存在一定差异, 表现为相互协调的作用。随着干旱胁迫时间的延长, 迷迭香体内MDA含量极显著地增加(p < 0.01), 细胞膜损伤率显著增加。分析显示, 迷迭香释放的VOC主要是萜烯类化合物, 占总量的46.0%以上; 随着干旱胁迫增强, 迷迭香释放的VOCs总量减少, 种类增多; LD、MD和SD胁迫处理萜烯类化合物相对含量与对照相比分别增加了14.4%、17.0%和23.7%; 干旱胁迫还明显诱导绿叶挥发物(green leaf volatiles)和醛类化合物的释放, 诱导产生了2-己烯醛、叶醇、山梨醛和癸醛4种新组分。研究表明: 干旱胁迫条件下, 迷迭香能够通过调节保护酶活性、渗透调节物质含量和释放VOCs来提高抗旱性。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 脂氧合酶, 渗透调节物质, 保护酶, 迷迭香, 挥发性有机化合物

Abstract:

Aims Drought is one of the numerous environmental factors which affect the growth and development of plants, and it becomes more severe in many regions of the world due to climate change. To examine the mechanisms of responses of the plant Rosemarinus offcinalis to drought stress, we measured the physiological and biochemical changes and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission of 2-year-old seedlings of this species under conditions of light drought (LD), intermediate drought (MD) and severe drought (SD).
Methods The VOCs emission was measured using the dynamic headspace air-circulation method, and the composition and content of VOCs were analyzed using the thermal desorption system/gas chromatography/mass spectrometer technique (TDS-GC-MS). We measured ion leakage of cell membranes and the content of soluble sugar, soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of lipoxygenase and protective enzymes of R. offcinalis under the different drought treatments.
Important findings The content of osmotic adjustment materials in R. offcinalis leaves was significantly influenced by drought stress. The content of soluble sugar was increased by 51.5% and 87.4% (p < 0.01) under MD and SD stresses after 12 days, respectively. The content of soluble protein was increased by 82% and 140% (p < 0.01), respectively. There were differences among the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in response to drought stress, which was a coordination reaction of those three enzymes to the stress. With prolonged drought stress, the MDA content (p < 0.01) and cell injury rate (p < 0.05) were increased significantly. Terpenoids were the main components of R. offcinalis VOCs and their relative content was more than 46% of the total VOCs. Compared with the control, it was increased by 14.4%, 17.0% and 23.7%, respectively, under LD, MD and SD stresses, respectively. Meanwhile, green leaf volatiles (GLVs) and aldehydes were markedly induced by drought stress, and (E)-2-hexenal, leaf alcohol, sorbaldehyde and n-decanal were newly found under the drought stress. The results indicated that R. offcinalis could enhance its drought-resistant ability by adjusting activities of protective enzymes, improving contents of osmotic adjustment materials and releasing VOCs.

Key words: drought stress, lipoxygenase, osmotic adjustment material, protective enzyme, Rosmarinus officinalis, volatile organic compounds