湖北星斗山地形变化对不同生活型植物叶功能性状的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0228

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究地形变化对不同生活型植物叶功能性状的影响有助于深入理解森林群落物种组成的维持特征。该研究以湖北星斗山常绿落叶阔叶混交林为研究对象, 测量了50个样地中224种木本植物的叶面积、叶厚度、叶干质量、叶干物质含量和比叶面积, 运用单因素方差分析揭示了乔木、灌木和木质藤本的叶功能性状变异特征, 并采用偏曼特尔检验分别从群落水平和物种水平分析了地形变化对不同生活型木本植物叶功能性状的影响。研究发现: 不同生活型植物叶性状变异系数分布范围为23.42%-110.45%; 不同生活型之间的植物叶功能性状差异明显。群落水平上, 海拔与乔木叶干质量、灌木叶面积和木质藤本叶厚度显著正相关, 坡度仅对灌木和木质藤本比叶面积具有显著影响, 坡向与灌木叶厚度、叶干质量和比叶面积显著正相关。物种水平上, 海拔比坡度和坡向对植物叶功能性状影响更为显著, 且不同物种对地形变化的敏感度不一致; 在控制空间结构影响后, 地形因子对植物叶功能性状的影响降低。该研究结果表明, 不同生活型植物的叶功能性状对地形变化的响应格局不同, 这可能是星斗山常绿落叶阔叶混交林植物多样性的主要维持机制。

关键词: 常绿落叶阔叶混交林, 性状变异, 空间结构, 偏曼特尔检验

Abstract: Aims Exploring the effects of topography on leaf functional traits across plant life forms is helpful to understand species diversity maintenance in forests. The objective of this study is to test how leaf traits among trees, shrubs and woody lianas respond to topographic variability distinctly. Methods Five leaf functional traits (leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf dry mass, leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area) were measured for 224 woody plant species with contrasting life forms (trees, shrubs and woody lianas) across 50 plots of evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forests in Xingdou Mountain, Hubei Province, China. The variation in leaf functional traits of trees, shrubs and woody lianas were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. We tested the significance of the effect of topographic variability on leaf functional traits of woody plants by Partial Mantel test at community level and species level, respectively. Important findings The coefficient of variation of leaf functional traits in different life forms ranged from 23.42% to 110.45%, and there were significant differences in leaf functional traits among different life forms. At the community level, there was a significant positive correlation between altitude and tree leaf dry mass, shrub leaf area and woody liana leaf thickness. Slope only had significant influences on shrub and woody liana leaf area, and slope aspect had significant effects on shrubs leaf thickness. There was a significant positive correlation between leaf dry mass and specific leaf area. At the species level, the effects of slope and slope aspect on plant leaf functional traits were more significant than those of altitude, and the sensitivity in the responses of functional traits to topographic variation was not consistent across different species. After controlling for the effects of spatial structure, the effects of topographic factors on functional traits of plant leaves were reduced. The results showed that the responses of leaf functional traits to topographic variation were different in different life forms, which might be one of the major mechanisms maintaining plant diversity in the evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forests of Xingdou Mountain.

Key words: evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest, variation of traits, spatial structure, Partial Mantel test

王进, 朱江, 艾训儒, 姚兰, 黄小, 吴漫玲, 朱强, 洪建峰. 湖北星斗山地形变化对不同生活型植物叶功能性状的影响. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(5): 447-457. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0228

WANG Jin, ZHU Jiang, AI Xun-Ru, YAO Lan, HUANG Xiao, WU Man-Ling, ZHU Qiang, HONG Jian- Feng. Effects of topography on leaf functional traits across plant life forms in Xingdou Mountain, Hubei, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(5): 447-457. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0228

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2019/V43/I5/447

图/表 6

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生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
乔木 Tree	LA (cm²)	0.26^*	0.27^*	0.07	0.15^*	0.10	0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	0.00	-0.01	-0.02	0.01
	LDM (g)	0.15	0.20^*	0.02	0.12	0.15^*	-0.02	0.09
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.13^*	0.08	-0.00	0.05	-0.09	-0.04	0.02
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.07	0.01	0.09	0.04	-0.01	0.08
灌木 Shrub	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.23^**	0.05	0.13^*	0.15^*	-0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	0.39^**	0.36^**	0.02	0.19^**	0.03	-0.09	0.11^*
	LDM (g)	0.32^**	0.31^**	0.19^*	0.34^**	0.07	0.12	0.29^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.15	0.11	0.12	0.02	-0.04	0.08	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.30^**	0.31^**	0.23^**	0.19^**	0.10	0.16^*	0.13^*
木质藤本Woody liana	LA (cm²)	-0.02	-0.03	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.07	0.02
	LT (mm)	0.23	0.39^*	0.21	0.11	0.40^**	0.14	0.05
	LDM (g)	-0.15	-0.16^*	-0.04	-0.05	-0.05	0.01	-0.02
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.07	-0.08	0.04	-0.09	-0.05	0.06	-0.07
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.16	0.20	-0.06	0.02	0.12	-0.12^*	-0.02

生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
乔木 Tree	LA (cm²)	0.26^*	0.27^*	0.07	0.15^*	0.10	0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	0.00	-0.01	-0.02	0.01
	LDM (g)	0.15	0.20^*	0.02	0.12	0.15^*	-0.02	0.09
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.13^*	0.08	-0.00	0.05	-0.09	-0.04	0.02
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.07	0.01	0.09	0.04	-0.01	0.08
灌木 Shrub	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.23^**	0.05	0.13^*	0.15^*	-0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	0.39^**	0.36^**	0.02	0.19^**	0.03	-0.09	0.11^*
	LDM (g)	0.32^**	0.31^**	0.19^*	0.34^**	0.07	0.12	0.29^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.15	0.11	0.12	0.02	-0.04	0.08	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.30^**	0.31^**	0.23^**	0.19^**	0.10	0.16^*	0.13^*
木质藤本Woody liana	LA (cm²)	-0.02	-0.03	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.07	0.02
	LT (mm)	0.23	0.39^*	0.21	0.11	0.40^**	0.14	0.05
	LDM (g)	-0.15	-0.16^*	-0.04	-0.05	-0.05	0.01	-0.02
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.07	-0.08	0.04	-0.09	-0.05	0.06	-0.07
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.16	0.20	-0.06	0.02	0.12	-0.12^*	-0.02

物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
川陕鹅耳枥 Carpinus fargesiana	LA (cm²)	0.27^*	0.34^*	0.16	0.20	0.24^*	0.07	0.12
	LT (mm)	0.40^**	0.43^**	0.09	0.29^**	0.15	-0.07	0.20^*
	LDM (g)	0.37^**	0.38^**	0.19^*	0.16^*	0.12	0.06	0.07
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.21^*	0.12	-0.05	0.17^*	-0.16	-0.14^*	0.11
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.35^*	0.38^*	0.21^*	0.15	0.16	0.09	0.06
齿缘吊钟花 Enkianthus serrulatus	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.17^*	-0.01	-0.03	0.03	-0.02	-0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.10	-0.10	0.04	-0.06	-0.03	0.04	-0.03
	LDM (g)	0.29^*	0.30^*	0.03	0.05	0.11	0.02	-0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.17	0.06	0.02	0.04	-0.17^*	0.02	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.08	-0.01	-0.06	0.07	-0.01	-0.08
翅柃 Eurya alata	LA (cm²)	0.38^**	0.40^**	0.12	0.04	0.17^*	0.02	-0.06
	LT (mm)	0.02	0.05	-0.02	0.07	0.08	-0.03	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.15^*	0.18^*	0.01	0.07	0.12	-0.03	0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.22^**	0.20^*	-0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.08	-0.04
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.11	0.07	0.02	0.20^**	-0.07	-0.01	0.18^**
红果树 Stranvaesia davidiana	LA (cm²)	0.15	0.24^*	0.16^*	0.03	0.21^*	0.13	-0.02
	LT (mm)	-0.03	-0.08	-0.05	0.05	-0.10	-0.04	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.30^*	0.37^*	0.00	0.39^**	0.23^*	-0.08	0.32^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.09	0.16	0.03	0.11	0.15	0.01	0.09
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.29^*	0.36^*	0.02	0.32^**	0.23^*	-0.05	0.25^**
大金刚藤 Dalbergia dyeriana	LA (cm²)	0.21	0.38^**	-0.14	0.62^**	0.33^*	-0.14^*	0.60^*
	LT (mm)	0.37^*	0.07	-0.14	0.05	-0.13	-0.15	-0.12
	LDM (g)	-0.05	0.00	-0.08	-0.13	0.03	-0.08	-0.12
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.27	-0.15	-0.05	-0.09	-0.32^**	-0.05	-0.23^*
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.01	0.27^*	0.01	0.12	0.29^*	0.01	0.12
中华猕猴桃 Actinidia chinensis	LA (cm²)	0.43^**	0.50^**	0.06	-0.01	0.29^*	-0.25^**	-0.10
	LT (mm)	-0.08	-0.08	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.03	0.02
	LDM (g)	0.21	0.11	0.07	-0.01	-0.17	-0.06	-0.05
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.20^*	-0.17^*	-0.17^**	-0.16	0.03	-0.07	-0.13
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.12	0.28^*	-0.12	0.11	0.40^**	-0.23^**	0.09

物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
川陕鹅耳枥 Carpinus fargesiana	LA (cm²)	0.27^*	0.34^*	0.16	0.20	0.24^*	0.07	0.12
	LT (mm)	0.40^**	0.43^**	0.09	0.29^**	0.15	-0.07	0.20^*
	LDM (g)	0.37^**	0.38^**	0.19^*	0.16^*	0.12	0.06	0.07
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.21^*	0.12	-0.05	0.17^*	-0.16	-0.14^*	0.11
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.35^*	0.38^*	0.21^*	0.15	0.16	0.09	0.06
齿缘吊钟花 Enkianthus serrulatus	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.17^*	-0.01	-0.03	0.03	-0.02	-0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.10	-0.10	0.04	-0.06	-0.03	0.04	-0.03
	LDM (g)	0.29^*	0.30^*	0.03	0.05	0.11	0.02	-0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.17	0.06	0.02	0.04	-0.17^*	0.02	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.08	-0.01	-0.06	0.07	-0.01	-0.08
翅柃 Eurya alata	LA (cm²)	0.38^**	0.40^**	0.12	0.04	0.17^*	0.02	-0.06
	LT (mm)	0.02	0.05	-0.02	0.07	0.08	-0.03	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.15^*	0.18^*	0.01	0.07	0.12	-0.03	0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.22^**	0.20^*	-0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.08	-0.04
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.11	0.07	0.02	0.20^**	-0.07	-0.01	0.18^**
红果树 Stranvaesia davidiana	LA (cm²)	0.15	0.24^*	0.16^*	0.03	0.21^*	0.13	-0.02
	LT (mm)	-0.03	-0.08	-0.05	0.05	-0.10	-0.04	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.30^*	0.37^*	0.00	0.39^**	0.23^*	-0.08	0.32^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.09	0.16	0.03	0.11	0.15	0.01	0.09
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.29^*	0.36^*	0.02	0.32^**	0.23^*	-0.05	0.25^**
大金刚藤 Dalbergia dyeriana	LA (cm²)	0.21	0.38^**	-0.14	0.62^**	0.33^*	-0.14^*	0.60^*
	LT (mm)	0.37^*	0.07	-0.14	0.05	-0.13	-0.15	-0.12
	LDM (g)	-0.05	0.00	-0.08	-0.13	0.03	-0.08	-0.12
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.27	-0.15	-0.05	-0.09	-0.32^**	-0.05	-0.23^*
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.01	0.27^*	0.01	0.12	0.29^*	0.01	0.12
中华猕猴桃 Actinidia chinensis	LA (cm²)	0.43^**	0.50^**	0.06	-0.01	0.29^*	-0.25^**	-0.10
	LT (mm)	-0.08	-0.08	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.03	0.02
	LDM (g)	0.21	0.11	0.07	-0.01	-0.17	-0.06	-0.05
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.20^*	-0.17^*	-0.17^**	-0.16	0.03	-0.07	-0.13
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.12	0.28^*	-0.12	0.11	0.40^**	-0.23^**	0.09

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