植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 685-696.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0132

所属专题: 光合作用

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘肃小苏干湖盐沼湿地盐地风毛菊叶形态-光合生理特征对淹水的响应

李群,赵成章(),王继伟,文军,李子琴,马俊逸   

  1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃省湿地资源保护与产业发展工程研究中心, 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-30 修回日期:2019-08-09 出版日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2020-01-03
  • 通讯作者: 赵成章 ORCID:0000-0002-0127-8405
  • 作者简介:李群: ORCID: 0000-0002-1279-4739
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41861009);国家自然科学基金(41461013)

Morphological and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Saussurea salsa in response to flooding in salt marshes of Xiao Sugan Lake, Gansu, China

LI Qun,ZHAO Cheng-Zhang(),WANG Ji-Wei,WEN Jun,LI Zi-Qin,MA Jun-Yi   

  1. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Research Center of Wetland Resources Protection and Industrial Development Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2019-05-30 Revised:2019-08-09 Online:2019-08-20 Published:2020-01-03
  • Contact: ZHAO Cheng-Zhang ORCID:0000-0002-0127-8405
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41861009);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41461013)

摘要:

盐沼湿地植物叶片功能性状对淹水的响应分析, 有助于探究植物叶片可塑性机制与光合生理特征间的内在关联性, 对深入理解盐沼湿地植物的生境抗逆性策略具有重要意义。根据小苏干湖湖水泛滥区静水持留时间长短分别设置: 轻度淹水区(静水持留30-90天)、中度淹水区(静水持留90-150天)、重度淹水区(静水持留150-210天) 3个试验样地, 以盐地风毛菊(Saussurea salsa)为研究对象, 研究了小苏干湖盐沼湿地盐地风毛菊叶片功能性状对淹水的响应。结果表明: 随着静水持留时间的增加, 轻度淹水区盐地风毛菊形态上采用小比叶面积(SLA)的肉质化小叶模式, 光合生理上具有高实际光合效率(Y(II))和低调节性能量耗散的量子产额(Y(NPQ))的协同变异; 重度淹水区盐地风毛菊形态和光合生理上则采用与轻度淹水区完全相反的协同变异策略; 在3个样地中, SLAY(II)、光化学淬灭(QP)和Y(NPQ)间均呈极显著相关关系; 叶绿素a含量和叶绿素b含量与调节性能量耗散的量子产额(Y(NO))均呈显著正相关关系。小苏干湖湖水泛滥区静水时空演变格局影响下, 盐地风毛菊种群通过改变叶面积、叶厚度和SLA等叶片形态特征, 适时调整叶片Y(II)和Y(NPQ)等光合生理特征, 实现植物叶片光合碳同化产物的收支平衡, 表现出对水盐异质性环境较强的耐受性, 反映了盐沼湿地植物在极端生存环境下的叶片可塑性和抗逆性机制。

关键词: 叶性状, 比叶面积, 实际光化学效率, 风毛菊, 小苏干湖

Abstract:

Aims The response of plant leaf functional traits to flooding in salt marshes is not only helpful in exploring the internal correlation between leaf plasticity mechanism and photosynthetic characteristics, but also of vital significance for gaining a better understanding on the stress resistance strategies of plants in salt marsh wetlands. The aim of this study is to investigate the responses of leaf functional traits of Saussurea salsa to flooding with the changes of water-logging durations.
Methods The research site was located in provincial migratory bird nature reserve in Xiao Sugan Lake, Gansu Province, China (39.22°-39.35° N, 94.45°-94.59° E). A sample belt was selected from the edge of the lakeshore to the end of the perennial tidewater line in the low-lying area along the north side of Xiao Sugan River. The duration of water-logging in the salt marsh wetland was measured base on the water level marked by the flood rise and retreat marks in Xiao Sugan Lake over the years. The sample belt was divided into 3 plots according to the water-logging duration: low flooding area (water-logging duration: 30-90 days); medium flooding area (water- logging duration: 90-150 days); and deep flooding area (water-logging duration: 150-210 days). Six subplots (2 m × 2 m) of S. salsa were selected from each of the three plots for a total of 18 subplots. We investigated community characteristics and population traits of S. salsa, soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity (EC). Six plants per subplot were selected for photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Foliar samples collected from each of the six S. salsa were taken to the laboratory for measurements of leaf traits (leaf area, thickness, dry mass and chlorophyll content).
Important findings The results showed that S. salsa changed the covariation strategy of S. salsa foliar morphology and photosynthesis with the extension of water-logging duration. In the low flooding area, S. salsa adopted fleshy lobular pattern with small specific leaf area (SLA), high effective quantum yield of photosynthetic system II (PSII) photochemistry in light (Y(II)) and low quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)). However, S. salsa grew in the deep flooding area adopted completely opposite covariation strategy in foliar morphology and photosynthesis compared with those grew in the low flooding area. We observed a significant correlation between SLA and Y(II), photochemical quenching (QP), and Y(NPQ), as well as a significant positive correlation between the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)) and chlorophyll a content (Ca), chlorophyll b content (Cb) in all of the three plots. Under the influence of the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of still water in the flooded area of Xiao Sugan Lake, S. salsa population achieved the balance of the photosynthetic carbon budget by changing the morphological characteristics of leaves, such as leaf area, leaf thickness and SLA, timely adjusting the photosynthetic characteristics, such as Y(NPQ) and Y(II). Saussurea salsa showed strong tolerance to water and salt heterogeneity, reflecting the leaf plasticity and resistance mechanism of salt marsh wetland plant under extreme environments.

Key words: leaf traits, specific leaf area, actual photochemical efficiency of PSII, Saussurea salsa, Xiao Sugan Lake