不同营林模式下毛竹枝叶的生物量分配: 异速生长分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00085

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物枝、叶的异速生长关系受个体发育的限制, 同时还受到环境因素的影响。该研究应用异速生长分析方法探讨毛竹(Phyllostachys heterocycla‘Pubescens’)枝、叶关系及其生物量分配策略对不同营林模式(钩梢和施肥)的响应。结果表明: 与不钩梢相比, 钩梢(相当于60%的修枝水平)后毛竹枝叶生物量均有显著的下降(枝40.23%、叶41.01%); 施肥显著增加了钩梢和不钩梢毛竹枝、叶生物量(不钩梢枝20.67%、叶46.53%; 钩梢枝19.71%、叶13.95%)。施肥显著改变了毛竹枝、叶异速生长的标准主轴(standardized major axis, SMA)斜率(施肥0.75 vs不施肥0.82;p< 0.05), 表现为与不施肥相比, 叶片的光合产物在施肥处理上相对更多地转移到枝上。钩梢后, 毛竹枝、叶异速生长的SMA斜率显著增加(钩梢1.09-1.10 vs不钩梢0.74-0.83;p< 0.0001), 表现出钩梢引起更多的资源向叶片分配, 且在不施肥处理下, 这种效应更为强烈。光照因素导致了毛竹冠层枝、叶异速生长关系的差异, 并与施肥之间存在显著的交互效应。钩梢作为直接影响因素对毛竹枝、叶异速生长关系具有强烈的影响(p< 0.001), 导致枝、叶异速生长关系斜率变异接近50%, 而施肥或光照条件<10%, 表明枝、叶关系对不同环境或干扰因素的响应存在差异, 且间接因素(如施肥)的影响更多受到自身生长发育的限制。

关键词: 异速生长, 枝叶分配, 施肥, 钩梢

Abstract:

Aims Allometric relationship between branch and leaf is limited by plant ontogeny and affected by environmental conditions, which is not well investigated in giant clone species such as Phyllostachys heterocycla‘Pubescens’. Our objectives were to study the effects of different management modes (obtruncation and fertilization) on branch and leaf biomass allocations ofP. heterocycla‘Pubescens’ and to discuss the effects within canopy.
Methods Obtruncation is a particular pruning operation cutting off the top (about 40%-70% canopy) of P. heterocycla‘Pubescens’. This management methods used in north Zhejiang of China to reduce trees falling from strong wind or heavy snow. A replicated 2 × 2 factorial experiment (obtruncation and fertilization) was established in Zhejiang Province in 2004. In 2010 and 2011, a total of 50 plants were cut down to investigate branch and leaf biomass, as well as leaf area of selected leaves within the canopy. Allometric scaling was applied to analyze the relation of branch and leaf biomass.
Important findings Averaged branch and leaf biomass for individual plant were decreased 40.23% and 41.01%, respectively, following obtruncation and increased 20.18% and 30.23%, respectively, following fertilization. Obtruncation severely changed the growth trajectory and resulted in a greater standardized major axis (SMA) slope, which indicated relatively more biomass was allocated to leaves. This was more significant under non-fertilization treatments. When compared to non-fertilization, fertilization significantly decreased SMA slope in unobtruncated trees, which was attributed to relatively larger leaf photosynthetic products partitioning to branches after fertilization. In addition, allocation patterns of branch and leaf biomass at different canopy parts were affected by light availability that was different in different fertilization treatments. Obtruncation changed SMA slope by nearly 50% and <10% for fertilization, which indicated that direct interference (obtruncation) easily changed the grown trajectory and indirect effects (fertilization) were more limited by plant ontogeny.

Key words: allometry, branch and leaf allocation, fertilization, obtruncation

朱强根, 金爱武, 王意锟, 邱永华, 李雪涛, 张四海. 不同营林模式下毛竹枝叶的生物量分配: 异速生长分析. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(9): 811-819. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00085

ZHU Qiang-Gen, JIN Ai-Wu, WANG Yi-Kun, QIU Yong-Hua, LI Xue-Tao, ZHANG Si-Hai. Biomass allocation of branches and leaves in Phyllostachys heterocycla‘Pubescens’ under different management modes: allometric scaling analysis. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(9): 811-819. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00085

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00085

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I9/811

图/表 4

表1 单株毛竹的平均枝、叶生物量(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Averaged biomass of branches and leaves of individual Phyllostachys heterocycla ‘Pubescens’ (mean ± SD)

指标 Index	不钩梢 Unobtruncation		钩梢 Obtruncation
指标 Index	施肥 Fertilization	不施肥 Non-fertilization	施肥 Fertilization	不施肥 Non-fertilization
胸径 Diameter at breast height (cm)	8.81 ± 0.63 ^a	8.56 ± 0.42 ^a	10.07 ± 0.87 ^b	10.06 ± 0.79 ^b
枝生物量 Branch biomass (g)	2 364 ± 180 ^a	1 959 ± 149 ^b	1 408 ± 114 ^c	1 176 ± 95 ^d
叶生物量 Leaf biomass (g)	2 110 ± 99 ^A	1 440 ± 189 ^B	1 115 ± 73 ^c	979 ± 91 ^d
总生物量 Total biomass (g)	4 474 ± 168 ^A	3 400 ± 306 ^B	2 522 ± 146 ^c	2 155 ± 179 ^d

图1 毛竹枝、叶生物量的异速生长关系。

Fig. 1 Allometric relationships between branch and leaf biomass of Phyllostachys heterocycla ‘Pubescens’.

图2 不钩梢(A)和钩梢(B)处理毛竹枝、叶生物量的异速生长关系。

Fig. 2 Allometric relationships between branch and leaf biomass in Phyllostachys heterocycla ‘Pubescens’ under unobtruncation (A) and obtruncation (B) treatments.

图3 不钩梢毛竹冠层下部(A)和上部(B)、钩梢毛竹冠层下部(C)和上部(D)的枝、叶生物量的异速生长关系。

Fig. 3 Allometric relationships between branch and leaf biomass of lower canopy under unobtruncation (A) and obtruncation (C) and allometric relationships between branch and leaf biomass of upper canopy under unobtruncation (B) and obtruncation (D).

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