植物生态学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 951-960.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.04.025

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

幂指数异速生长机制模型综述

韩文轩1,2, 方精云1   

  1. 1 北京大学城市与环境学院生态学系、北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
    2 中国农业大学资源与环境学院环境科学与工程系,北京 100094
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-19 接受日期:2008-01-31 出版日期:2008-07-30 发布日期:2008-07-30
  • 作者简介:hanwenxuan@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(90211016)

REVIEW ON THE MECHANISM MODELS OF ALLOMETRIC SCALING LAWS: 3/4 VS. 2/3 POWER

HAN Wen-Xuan1,2, FANG Jing-Yun1   

  1. 1Department of Ecology, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    2Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100094, China
  • Received:2007-11-19 Accepted:2008-01-31 Online:2008-07-30 Published:2008-07-30

摘要:

个体大小对生物的各种生理属性有重要意义, 描述个体大小和生理属性关系的规律叫做异速生长。生物的异速生长通常以幂函数的形式表示, 在众多的异速生长关系中, Kleiber定律所描述的新陈代谢率和个体大小的3/4幂指数关系最为重要和基本, 解释此有充分数据支持的定律的机理也最具挑战性。围绕该著名的3/4幂指数异速生长关系, 该文回顾历史上主要的有关模型假说, 并重点介绍1990年代中期以来, 由West等提出的分形分配网络模型和由其它研究人员建立的代表性模型: 最少载体网络模型、多因理论、最小总熵理论、构造理论、细胞优化生长理论和能量消耗理论。

关键词: 异速生长模型, 相关生长, 分形分配网络, 新陈代谢率, 最大效率, 3/4和2/3幂律

Abstract:

Allometric scaling relations are characteristic of all organisms. A challenging task is how the typical allometric scaling relationship—Kleiber’s Law, which depicts the proportionality between the metabolic rate of an animal and its body mass raised to the 3/4 power and is well established and supported by data—can be predicted from a purely theoretical standpoint. Scientists have proposed diverse models to do this, but almost all of the models are criticized for theoretical or methodological difficulties. However, ecologists and physicists recently proposed new models. Here we highlight the Fractal-Like Distribution Network Models and other models, such as Multi-Causes Model, Minimal Overall Entropy Production Model, Constructal Theory, Cell Model and Energy Consumption Model.

Key words: allometric scaling model, fractal-like distribution network, metabolic rate, maximal efficiency, 3/4 and 2/3 power law