人参药材中人参皂苷的空间变异性及影响因子

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0368

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究人参(Panax ginseng)皂苷含量的空间变异性及其影响因子, 该研究以采自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁的28份六年生人参为研究对象, 测定人参中9种单体皂苷含量, 用单因素方差分析方法研究了人参皂苷含量的空间变异性。并用主成分分析、相关性分析和冗余分析法进行人参皂苷含量与气候因子、土壤因子的相关性分析。结果表明: 吉林与辽宁人参的皂苷含量接近, 且其含量高于黑龙江人参; 影响皂苷含量的气候因子主要是降水, 高温、日照时间是皂苷含量的限制因子; 全氮、铁、钾、有机质、pH值、锰、磷、锌对人参化学品质的影响较大。

关键词: 人参, 皂苷含量, 空间变异, 生态因子

Abstract:

Aims This study aimed to reveal how ginsenosides content in Panax ginseng varied spatially and the regulating roles of environmental factors.Methods Twenty eight P. ginseng samples were collected from Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces, and nine kinds of ginsenosides content in P. ginseng were measured. The one-way ANOVA was used to evaluate their spatial variations. The method of UPLC was employed to determine the content of nine kinds of ginsenosides in P. ginseng. The principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis (CA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) were used to analyze the relationship between ginsenosides content and ecological factors (including climate and soil factors).Important findings The results showed that the content of ginsenosides in P. ginseng from Jilin and Liaoning was similar, and higher than that in Heilongjiang. Precipitation was the most important climate factor affecting the contents of ginsenosides. High temperature and strong sunshine limited the content of ginsenosides. The analysis on ginsenosides and soil factors indicated that soil nitrogen content, Fe, K, organic matter, pH value, Mn, P, Zn all had significant influences on the content of ginsenosides.

Key words: Panax ginseng, ginsenosides content, spatial variation, ecological factor

郭杰, 张琴, 孙成忠, 文检, 谢彩香. 人参药材中人参皂苷的空间变异性及影响因子. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(9): 995-1002. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0368

Jie GUO, Qin ZHANG, Cheng-Zhong SUN, Jian WEN, Cai-Xiang XIE. Spatial variations of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng and their impact factors. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(9): 995-1002. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0368

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0368

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2017/V41/I9/995

图/表 8

参考文献 23

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样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin	样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin
H-NA	黑龙江卧龙乡 Wolong, Heilongjiang	J-YH1	吉林珲春市1 Huichun 1, Jilin
H-HZ	黑龙江庄河村 Zhuanghe, Heilongjiang	J-YH2	吉林珲春市2 Huichun 2, Jilin
H-H	黑龙江省海伦市 Hailun, Heilongjiang	J-YH3	吉林珲春市3 Huichun 3, Jilin
H-HB1	黑龙江北安县1 Bei’an 1, Heilongjiang	J-BC1	吉林白山市1 Baishan 1, Jilin
H-HB2	黑龙江北安县2 Bei’an 2, Heilongjiang	J-BC2	吉林白山市2 Baishan 2, Jilin
H-HX1	黑龙江逊克县1 Xunke 1, Heilongjiang	J-BX	吉林省新房子镇 Xinfangzi, Jilin
H-HX2	黑龙江逊克县2 Xunke 2, Heilongjiang	J-JS	吉林松江镇 Songjiang, Jilin
H-HX3	黑龙江逊克县3 Xunke 3, Heilongjiang	J-SL	吉林松原市 Songyuan, Jilin
J-BFW	吉林抚松县万良村 Wanliang, Fusong, Jilin	J-BJ	吉林靖宇县 Jingyu, Jilin
J-BFX	吉林抚松县新屯子镇 Xintunzi, Fusong, Jilin	L-BH	辽宁桓仁县 Huanren, Liaoning
J-BFF	吉林抚松县枫林村 Fenglin, Fusong, Jilin	L-BHJ	辽宁桓仁县巨户村 Juhu, Huanren, Liaoning
J-BFD	吉林抚松县东岗镇 Donggang, Fusong, Jilin	L-DKX	辽宁宽甸县下露河乡 Xialuhe, Kuandian, Liaoning
J-TJ	吉林集安市 Ji’an, Jilin	L-DK	辽宁宽甸县 Kuandian, Liaoning
J-TJQ	吉林集安市清河镇 Qinghe, Ji’an, Jilin	L-FQ	辽宁抚顺市 Fushun, Liaoning

样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin	样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin
H-NA	黑龙江卧龙乡 Wolong, Heilongjiang	J-YH1	吉林珲春市1 Huichun 1, Jilin
H-HZ	黑龙江庄河村 Zhuanghe, Heilongjiang	J-YH2	吉林珲春市2 Huichun 2, Jilin
H-H	黑龙江省海伦市 Hailun, Heilongjiang	J-YH3	吉林珲春市3 Huichun 3, Jilin
H-HB1	黑龙江北安县1 Bei’an 1, Heilongjiang	J-BC1	吉林白山市1 Baishan 1, Jilin
H-HB2	黑龙江北安县2 Bei’an 2, Heilongjiang	J-BC2	吉林白山市2 Baishan 2, Jilin
H-HX1	黑龙江逊克县1 Xunke 1, Heilongjiang	J-BX	吉林省新房子镇 Xinfangzi, Jilin
H-HX2	黑龙江逊克县2 Xunke 2, Heilongjiang	J-JS	吉林松江镇 Songjiang, Jilin
H-HX3	黑龙江逊克县3 Xunke 3, Heilongjiang	J-SL	吉林松原市 Songyuan, Jilin
J-BFW	吉林抚松县万良村 Wanliang, Fusong, Jilin	J-BJ	吉林靖宇县 Jingyu, Jilin
J-BFX	吉林抚松县新屯子镇 Xintunzi, Fusong, Jilin	L-BH	辽宁桓仁县 Huanren, Liaoning
J-BFF	吉林抚松县枫林村 Fenglin, Fusong, Jilin	L-BHJ	辽宁桓仁县巨户村 Juhu, Huanren, Liaoning
J-BFD	吉林抚松县东岗镇 Donggang, Fusong, Jilin	L-DKX	辽宁宽甸县下露河乡 Xialuhe, Kuandian, Liaoning
J-TJ	吉林集安市 Ji’an, Jilin	L-DK	辽宁宽甸县 Kuandian, Liaoning
J-TJQ	吉林集安市清河镇 Qinghe, Ji’an, Jilin	L-FQ	辽宁抚顺市 Fushun, Liaoning

样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin	样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin
H-NA	黑龙江卧龙乡Wolong, Heilongjiang	J-JS	吉林松江镇 Songjiang, Jilin
H-HZ	黑龙江庄河村 Zhuanghe, Heilongjiang	J-BC1	吉林白山市1 Baishan 1, Jilin
H-H	黑龙江省海伦市 Hailun, Heilongjiang	J-BC2	吉林白山市2 Baishan 2, Jilin
H-HB1	黑龙江北安县1 Bei’an 1, Heilongjiang	J-YH3	吉林珲春市3 Huichun 3, Jilin
H-HB2	黑龙江北安县2 Bei’an 2, Heilongjiang	J-BX	吉林省新房子镇 Xinfangzi, Jilin
J-BFX	吉林抚松县新屯子镇 Xintunzi, Fusong, Jilin	J-BJ	吉林靖宇县 Jingyu, Jilin
J-BFD	吉林抚松县东岗镇 Donggang, Fusong, Jilin	L-DKX	辽宁宽甸县下露河乡 Xialuhe Kuandian Liaoning
J-TJ	吉林集安市 Ji’an, Jilin	L-DK	辽宁宽甸县 Kuandian Liaoning

样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin	样品编号 Sample code	来源 Origin
H-NA	黑龙江卧龙乡Wolong, Heilongjiang	J-JS	吉林松江镇 Songjiang, Jilin
H-HZ	黑龙江庄河村 Zhuanghe, Heilongjiang	J-BC1	吉林白山市1 Baishan 1, Jilin
H-H	黑龙江省海伦市 Hailun, Heilongjiang	J-BC2	吉林白山市2 Baishan 2, Jilin
H-HB1	黑龙江北安县1 Bei’an 1, Heilongjiang	J-YH3	吉林珲春市3 Huichun 3, Jilin
H-HB2	黑龙江北安县2 Bei’an 2, Heilongjiang	J-BX	吉林省新房子镇 Xinfangzi, Jilin
J-BFX	吉林抚松县新屯子镇 Xintunzi, Fusong, Jilin	J-BJ	吉林靖宇县 Jingyu, Jilin
J-BFD	吉林抚松县东岗镇 Donggang, Fusong, Jilin	L-DKX	辽宁宽甸县下露河乡 Xialuhe Kuandian Liaoning
J-TJ	吉林集安市 Ji’an, Jilin	L-DK	辽宁宽甸县 Kuandian Liaoning

皂苷 Ginsenoside	人参产地 P. ginseng origin		显著性水平 Significance level	皂苷 Ginsenoside	人参产地 P. ginseng origin		显著性水平 Significance level	皂苷 Ginsenoside	人参产地 P. ginseng origin		显著性水平 Significance level
Rg1	H	J	0.034	Rf	H	J	0.002	Rb2	H	J	0.490
	H	L	0.279		H	L	0.072		H	L	0.621
	J	L	0.506		J	L	0.403		J	L	0.967
Re	H	J	0.300	Rg2	H	J	0.248	Rb3	H	J	0.439
	H	L	0.737		H	L	0.194		H	L	0.770
	J	L	0.606		J	L	0.641		J	L	0.736
Rb1	H	J	0.086	Rc	H	J	0.267	Rd	H	J	0.053
	H	L	0.053		H	L	0.272		H	L	0.134
	J	L	0.475		J	L	0.783		J	L	0.988