植物生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 1177-1189.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0098

所属专题: 碳水能量通量

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物质炭添加对毛竹林土壤呼吸动态和温度敏感性的影响

葛晓改1,2, 周本智1,2,*(), 肖文发3, 王小明1,2, 曹永慧1,2, 叶明4   

  1. 1中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所, 杭州 311400
    2国家林业局钱江源森林生态系统定位观测研究站, 杭州 311400
    3中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091
    4建德市寿昌林场, 浙江寿昌 311600
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-10 接受日期:2017-08-29 出版日期:2017-11-10 发布日期:2017-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 周本智
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31600492和31670607)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2016SY006、CAFBB2014QA008和CAFRISF2013002)

Effects of biochar addition on dynamics of soil respiration and temperature sensitivity in a Phyllostachys edulis forest

Xiao-Gai GE1,2, Ben-Zhi ZHOU1,2,*(), Wen-Fa XIAO3, Xiao-Ming WANG1,2, Yong-Hui CAO1,2, Ming YE4   

  1. 1Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China

    2Qianjiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Hangzhou 311400, China

    3State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

    4Shouchang Forest Center of Jiande, Shouchang, Zhejiang 311600, China
  • Received:2017-04-10 Accepted:2017-08-29 Online:2017-11-10 Published:2017-11-10
  • Contact: Ben-Zhi ZHOU

摘要:

为探讨生物质炭添加对森林原位土壤呼吸动态及温度敏感性的影响, 于2014年5月至2016年4月对浙江省杭州市富阳区庙山坞林区毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)林进行了为期两年的生物质炭添加试验, 生物质炭施加量分别为0 (CK)、5 (LB)、10 (MB)和20 t·hm-2 (HB)。利用LI-8100土壤碳通量系统测定土壤呼吸速率时空动态。结果表明: 添加生物质炭会降低毛竹林土壤呼吸速率且呈现明显的季节动态, 土壤呼吸速率在6-7月最高(林分1中LB处理除外), 1月或2月最低, 添加生物质炭对毛竹林土壤呼吸的影响显著; CK、LB、MB和HB处理的年平均土壤呼吸速率分别为3.32、2.66、3.04和3.24 μmol·m-2·s-1; 与对照相比, LB、MB和HB处理下年平均土壤呼吸速率分别降低2.33%-54.72%、1.28%-44.21%和0.09%-39.22%。添加生物质炭使LB、MB、HB处理的土壤水分含量分别增加了0.97%-75.58%、0.87%-48.18%和0.68%-74.73%。土壤呼吸速率与5 cm土壤温度呈现显著的指数相关关系, 与5 cm土壤水分含量没有显著相关性, 但与温度和水分呈显著相关关系。生物质炭添加影响土壤呼吸温度敏感性, LB、MB处理明显增加土壤温度敏感性。LB、MB和HB处理下年平均累积土壤呼吸CO2排放分别降低7.98%-35.09%、1.48%-20.63%和-4.71%-7.68%。添加生物质炭显著降低毛竹林土壤碳排放和土壤温度敏感性, 对缓解气候变化具有一定意义。

关键词: 生物质炭添加, 土壤呼吸, 毛竹, 温度敏感性, 土壤温度, 土壤含水量

Abstract:

Aims Recent studies have shown that artificial addition of biochar is an effective way to mitigate atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. However, it is still unclear how biochar addition influences soil respiration in Phyllostachys edulis forests of subtropical China. Our objectives were to examine the effects of biochar addition on the dynamics of soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture, and the cumulative soil carbon emission, and to determine the relationships of soil respiration with soil temperature and moisture.
Methods We conducted a two-year biochar addition experiment in a subtropical P. edulis forest from 2014.05 to 2016.04. The study site is located in the Miaoshanwu Nature Reserve in Fuyang district of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, in southern China. The biochar addition treatments included: control (CK, no biochar addition), low rate of biochar addition (LB, 5 t·hm-2), medium rate of biochar addition (MB, 10 t·hm-2), and high rate of biochar addition (HB, 20 t·hm-2). Soil respiration was measured by using a LI-8100 soil CO2 efflux system.
Important findings Soil respiration was significantly reduced by biochar addition, and exhibited an apparent seasonal pattern, with the maximum occurring in June or July (except LB in one of the replicated stand) and the minimum in January or February. There were significant differences in soil respiration between the CK and the treatments. Annual mean soil respiration rate in the CK, LB, MB and HB were 3.32, 2.66, 3.04 and 3.24 μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively. Compared with CK, soil respiration rate was 2.33%-54.72% lower in the LB, 1.28%-44.21% lower in the MB, and 0.09%-39.22% lower in the HB. The soil moisture content was increased by 0.97%-75.58% in LB, 0.87%-48.18% in MB, and 0.68%-74.73% in HB, respectively, compared with CK. Soil respiration exhibited a significant exponential relationship with soil temperature and a significant linear relationship with combination of soil temperature and moisture at the depth of 5 cm; no significant relationship was found between soil respiration and soil moisture alone. The temperature sensitivity (Q10) value was reduced in LB and HB. Annual accumulative soil carbon emission in the LB, MB and HB was reduced by 7.98%-35.09%, 1.48%-20.63%, and -4.71%-7.68%, respectively. Biochar addition significantly reduced soil carbon emission and soil temperature sensitivity, highlighting its role in mitigating climate change.

Key words: biochar addition, soil respiration, Phyllostachys edulis, temperature sensitivity, soil temperature, soil moisture