Abstract: To study the distribution of Eupatorium adenophorum in China and the relationship between its invasion and topographical factors, including elevation, aspect, slope and wind slope, 171 plots were established in 12 vegetation provinces within this species range. The results indicated that the invasion of E. adenophorum mostly occured in regions near 102° E and declined with latitude, but not significant (p > 0.05). The range of E. adenophorum in China was mainly on the Yungui Plateau, particularly the Yunnan Plateau. Based on climatic comparisons between the Yungui Plateau and this species native range in Mexico and Costa Rica, we concluded that the future range of E. adenophorum in China would be confined largely to the Yungui Plateau, although patches are likely to occur in other regions with suitable climatic conditions. The elevation range of this species was from 75 m to 2 330 m in our investigation. Using polynomial regressions, we concluded that the abundance and coverage of E. adenophorum increased with elevation (p < 0.05), but at about 2 000 m elevation, the line became horizontal, suggesting that E. adenophorum preferred elevations of about 2 000 m. An ANOVA analysis showed that the influence of aspect on the coverage of E. adenophorum was significant. Multiple comparison tests suggested that the coverage of E. adenophorum on north and south facing slopes was greater than that on east facing slopes, indicating a strong resistance of east facing slopes to the invasion of E. adenophorum. The difference between population coverage and abundance on north and south facing slopes was not significant (p>0.05)， indicating that temperature and moisture were not the dominant factors influencing the invasion of E. adenophorum on different aspects. The influence of slope on the invasion of E. adenophorum was not significant (p>0.05). The results of the ANOVA analysis indicated that the influence of wind slope on the coverage of E. adenophorum was not significant (p>0.05) but significantly affected the abundance of E. adenophorum (p<0.05) with the abundance of E. adenophorum greater on the leeward than on the lateral side.