INTERSPECIFIC RELATIONSHIPS OF DOMINANT SPECIES IN ORCHID COMMUNITIES OF FOREST VEGETATION IN HUANGLONG VALLEY, SICHUAN, CHINA

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0109

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The Huanglong Valley of Sichuan is rich in orchid species, with >30 species in 19 genera, and some orchids dominate the herbaceous layer. However, little is known about their interspecific relationships. Our aim was to investigate how the orchid species interact with each other and with other species.

Methods We sampled 6 621 m×1 m releves in the orchid communities in Huanglong Valley, selected 24 dominant species according to importance values and studied interspecific associations and correlations by usingχ²-tests and Spearman rank correlations.

Important findings Results of χ²-tests of species associations and Spearman rank correlations were consistent and indicated two groups of dominant species. One group, including Cypripedium bardolphianum, C. flavum, C. tibeticum, Orchis diantha, O. chusua and Calanthe delavayi, is mostly distributed where both light and shade are provided by tree overstories. The other group, including Tipularia szechuanica, Malaxis monophyllos, Corallorhiza trifida, Goodyera repens, Calypso bulbosa, Platanthera minutiflora and Listera smithii, is mostly distributed in shade. Non-orchid species, Arctous rube, Gentiana scabra, Pedicularis davidii, Elymus nutans and Pinguicula alpine, which are mostly distributed in open areas, are significantly positively correlated with orchid species of the first group, but mostly negatively correlated with the second group. In contrast, Clintonia udensis, Pedicularis humilis and Carex lehmanii, which are mostly distributed in shaded environmental conditions, have reverse correlations with the two orchid groups. Polygonum macrophyllum, Pyrola calliantha and the orchid Oreorchis nana show no obvious correlations with either of the orchid groups. Our findings indicate that the interspecific interactions of orchid species of Huanglong Valley are complex and the orchid species may have differentiated with regard to the resource use. Reproductive facilitation may play an important role for orchid species diversity in this area.

Key words: Huanglong Valley, orchid species, interspecific relationship

HUANG Bao-Qiang, LUO Yi-Bo, YU Fei-Hai, TANG Si-Yuan, DONG Li, AN De-Jun. INTERSPECIFIC RELATIONSHIPS OF DOMINANT SPECIES IN ORCHID COMMUNITIES OF FOREST VEGETATION IN HUANGLONG VALLEY, SICHUAN, CHINA[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2007, 31(5): 865-872.

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Figures/Tables 3

References 32

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植物种 Plant species	频度 Frequency (%)	盖度 Cover (%)	重要值 Important value (%)	高度 Height (cm)	种名代号 Species code
(a)兰科植物 Orchid species
无苞杓兰 Cypripedium bardolphianum	40.94	1.926 3	4.107 5	3.7	1
黄花杓兰 Cypripedium flavum	48.49	5.685 6	7.553 3	27.9	2
二叶红门兰 Orchis diantha	36.86	1.718 3	3.685 6	2.9	3
广布红门兰 Orchis chusua	31.27	0.707 1	2.534 0	2.9	4
少花虾脊兰 Calanthe delavayi	45.77	4.607 9	6.530 4	10.3	5
西藏杓兰 Cypripedium tibeticum	33.69	1.540 0	3.344 4	12.8	6
硬叶山兰 Oreorchis nana	5.74	0.094 3	0.437 2	1.2	7
筒距兰 Tipularia szechuanica	13.44	0.522 2	1.261 8	1.1	8
沼兰 Malaxis monophyllos	4.68	0.773 3	0.906 6	3.6	9
珊瑚兰 Corallorhiza trifida	3.02	0.024 2	0.210 0	10.4	10
小斑叶兰 Goodyera repens	21.15	0.143 4	1.449 4	0.7	11
布袋兰 Calypso bulbosa	3.32	0.017 4	0.223 8	1.1	12
小花舌唇兰 Platanthera minutiflora	6.04	0.053 2	0.423 8	4.6	13
小叶对叶兰 Listera smithii	3.17	0.026 6	0.221 4	5.8	14
(b)非兰科植物 Other species
红北极果 Arctous ruber	56.65	20.181 7	19.515 8	4.1	15
圆穗蓼 Polygonum macrophyllum	76.44	6.731 6	10.144 9	8.4	16
龙胆 Gentiana scabra	43.35	0.984 4	3.516 4	3.5	17
矮马先蒿 Pedicularis humilis	27.49	1.560 3	2.969 1	2.3	18
扭盔马先蒿 Pedicularis davidii	20.85	0.711 9	1.879 2	6.9	19
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	52.11	4.579 2	4.530 2	11.1	20
膨囊苔草 Carex lehmanii	26.28	3.633 9	4.530 2	10.1	21
捕虫堇 Pinguicula alpina	8.76	0.176 1	0.692 7	0.6	22
鹿蹄草 Pyrola calliantha	6.65	0.627 4	0.915 4	4.1	23
七筋姑 Clintonia udensis	16.77	0.181 8	1.202 9	5.8	24

植物种 Plant species	频度 Frequency (%)	盖度 Cover (%)	重要值 Important value (%)	高度 Height (cm)	种名代号 Species code
(a)兰科植物 Orchid species
无苞杓兰 Cypripedium bardolphianum	40.94	1.926 3	4.107 5	3.7	1
黄花杓兰 Cypripedium flavum	48.49	5.685 6	7.553 3	27.9	2
二叶红门兰 Orchis diantha	36.86	1.718 3	3.685 6	2.9	3
广布红门兰 Orchis chusua	31.27	0.707 1	2.534 0	2.9	4
少花虾脊兰 Calanthe delavayi	45.77	4.607 9	6.530 4	10.3	5
西藏杓兰 Cypripedium tibeticum	33.69	1.540 0	3.344 4	12.8	6
硬叶山兰 Oreorchis nana	5.74	0.094 3	0.437 2	1.2	7
筒距兰 Tipularia szechuanica	13.44	0.522 2	1.261 8	1.1	8
沼兰 Malaxis monophyllos	4.68	0.773 3	0.906 6	3.6	9
珊瑚兰 Corallorhiza trifida	3.02	0.024 2	0.210 0	10.4	10
小斑叶兰 Goodyera repens	21.15	0.143 4	1.449 4	0.7	11
布袋兰 Calypso bulbosa	3.32	0.017 4	0.223 8	1.1	12
小花舌唇兰 Platanthera minutiflora	6.04	0.053 2	0.423 8	4.6	13
小叶对叶兰 Listera smithii	3.17	0.026 6	0.221 4	5.8	14
(b)非兰科植物 Other species
红北极果 Arctous ruber	56.65	20.181 7	19.515 8	4.1	15
圆穗蓼 Polygonum macrophyllum	76.44	6.731 6	10.144 9	8.4	16
龙胆 Gentiana scabra	43.35	0.984 4	3.516 4	3.5	17
矮马先蒿 Pedicularis humilis	27.49	1.560 3	2.969 1	2.3	18
扭盔马先蒿 Pedicularis davidii	20.85	0.711 9	1.879 2	6.9	19
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	52.11	4.579 2	4.530 2	11.1	20
膨囊苔草 Carex lehmanii	26.28	3.633 9	4.530 2	10.1	21
捕虫堇 Pinguicula alpina	8.76	0.176 1	0.692 7	0.6	22
鹿蹄草 Pyrola calliantha	6.65	0.627 4	0.915 4	4.1	23
七筋姑 Clintonia udensis	16.77	0.181 8	1.202 9	5.8	24

	各显著水平下的种对数 Number of species pairs associated at different significance levels
	极显著(p≤0.01) Distinctly significant		显著(p≤0.05) Significant		不显著(p>0.05) Not significant
		正相关 Positive	负相关 Negative	正相关 Positive	负相关 Negative	正相关 Positive	负相关 Negative
χ²检验 χ²-tests of species associations	69	61	11	13	56	66
Spearman秩相关 Spearman rank correlations	73	69	16	19	46	53

	各显著水平下的种对数 Number of species pairs associated at different significance levels
	极显著(p≤0.01) Distinctly significant		显著(p≤0.05) Significant		不显著(p>0.05) Not significant
		正相关 Positive	负相关 Negative	正相关 Positive	负相关 Negative	正相关 Positive	负相关 Negative
χ²检验 χ²-tests of species associations	69	61	11	13	56	66
Spearman秩相关 Spearman rank correlations	73	69	16	19	46	53