Stoichiometric characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of Sibiraea angustata shrub on the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0031

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Little is known about the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in plateau shrubs across China. Sibiraea angustata is a typical and representative shrub species on the eastern Qinghai- Xizang Plateau, and exploring its C, N and P distribution patterns and stoichiometric properties in different organs (including root, shoot, leaf, twig and fruit) would help us better understand the mechanisms of C, N and P cycling and balance in the S. angustata dominated shrub ecosystem.
Methods Sixteen sampling sites were selected on the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau by the stratified sampling method. The height and coverage of the dominant shrubs, latitude, longitude and altitude of the sites were recorded. Three 5 m × 5 m plots were selected at each site. At least 128 biological samples of plant organs of S. angustata were collected and measured, respectively. The C and N concentrations of plant samples were analyzed using an elemental analyzer (2400 II CHNS). The P concentration was analyzed using the molydate/ascorbic acid method after H₂SO₄-H₂O₂ digestion.
Important findings The C, N and P concentrations of different organs followed the order of: shoot (495.07 g·kg^-1) > twig (483.37 g·kg^-1) > fruit (480.35 g·kg^-1) > root (468.47 g·kg^-1) > leaf (466.33 g·kg^-1); leaf (22.27 g·kg^-1) > fruit (19.74 g·kg^-1) > twig (7.98 g·kg^-1) > shoot (4.54 g·kg^-1) > root (4.00 g·kg^-1) and fruit (2.85 g·kg^-1) > leaf (1.92 g·kg^-1) > twig (0.96 g·kg^-1) > root (0.52 g·kg^-1) > shoot (0.45 g·kg^-1), respectively. The ranges of the coefficient of variation (CV) for C, N and P concentrations were 1.71%-4.44%, 14.49%-25.50% and 11.46%-46.15%, respectively. Specifically, the C concentration was relatively high and stable, and the maximum CV values for N and P were found in roots. The N:P value of different organs varied from 7.12-12.41 and the minimum CV for N:P was found in twig, which indicated that N:P in twig had higher internal stability. In addition, correlation analysis indicated that the C concentration was significantly negatively correlated with N and P concentrations and correlation coefficients were -0.407 and -0.342, respectively. However, N concentration had dramatically positive correlation with P concentration and the correlation coefficient was 0.814. These results also could indicate that the C, N and P stoichiometric characteristics in the S. angustata shrub accorded with the homeostatic mechanism and growth rate hypothesis to some extent, the distributions of C, N and P concentrations were closely related to the function of the organs and it should be prudent to use ecological stoichiometric ratios to judge the condition of nutrient limitation at the species level.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201701014

Key words: Sibiraea angustata, ecological stoichiometry, plant organs, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

He-Liang HE, Xiao-Cheng YANG, Dan-Dan LI, Chun-Ying YIN, Yun-Xiang LI, Guo-Ying ZHOU, Lin ZHANG, Qing LIU. Stoichiometric characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of Sibiraea angustata shrub on the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2017, 41(1): 126-135.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0031

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2017/V41/I1/126

Figures/Tables 4

References 46

[1]	Abliz A, Lü GH, Zhang XN, Gong YM (2015). Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of photosynthetic organs across Ebinur Lake Wetland Natural Reserve of Xinjiang, Northwest China.Chinese Journal of Ecology, 34, 2123-2130. (in Chinese with English abstract)[阿布里孜·阿不都热合曼, 吕光辉, 张雪妮, 公延明 (2015). 新疆艾比湖流域植物光合器官碳、氮、磷生态化学计量特征. 生态学杂志, 34, 2123-2130.]
[2]	An Z, Niu DC, Wen HY, Yang Y, Zhang HR, Fu H (2011). Effects of N addition on nutrient resorption efficiency and C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics in Stipa bungeana of steppe grasslands in the Loess Plateau, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 801-807. (in Chinese with English abstract)[安卓, 牛得草, 文海燕, 杨益, 张洪荣, 傅华 (2011). 氮素添加对黄土高原典型草原长芒草氮磷重吸收率及C:N:P化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 35, 801-807.]
[3]	Bin ZJ, Wang JJ, Zhang WP, Xu DH, Cheng XH, Li KJ, Cao DH (2014). Effects of N addition on ecological stoichiometric characteristics in six dominant plant species of alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 231-237. (in Chinese with English abstract)[宾振钧, 王静静, 张文鹏, 徐当会, 程雪寒, 李柯杰, 曹德昊 (2014). 氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 38, 231-237.]
[4]	Elser JJ, Fagan WF, Denno RF, Dobberfuhl DR, Folarin A, Huberty A, Iterland S, Kilham SS, Mcauley E, Schulz KL, Siemann EH, Sterner RW (2000). Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs.Nature, 408, 578-580.
[5]	Editorial Committee of Flora of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences (1974). Flora of China (Volume 36). Science Press, Beijing. 70-71. (in Chinese)[中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会 (1974). 中国植物志(第三十六卷). 科学出版社, 北京. 70-71.]
[6]	Freudenberg K, Neish AC (1968). Constitution and Biosynthesis of Lignin. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 199.
[7]	Guo BH, Liu GL, Fan SH, Du MY, Su WH (2014). Distribution patterns and stoichiometry characteristics of C, N, P in Phyllostachys edulis forests of different productivity levels. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 50(6), 1-9. (in Chinese with English abstract)[郭宝华, 刘广路, 范少辉, 杜满义, 苏文会 (2014). 不同生产力水平毛竹林碳氮磷的分布格局和计量特征. 林业科学, 50(6), 1-9.]
[8]	Han WX, Fang JY, Guo D, Zhang Y (2005). Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China. New Phytologist, 168, 377-385.
[9]	He JS, Wang L, Dan FBF, Wang XP, Ma WH, Fang JY (2008). Leaf nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometry across Chinese grassland biomes.Oecologia, 155, 301-310.
[10]	Huang WJ, Zhou GY, Liu JX, Zhang DQ, Xu ZH, Liu SZ (2012). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition on foliar stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus of five tree species in subtropical model forest ecosystems.Environmental Pollution, 168, 113-120.
[11]	He HL, Yang XC, Wang D, Sun YY, Yin CY, Li T, Li YX, Zhou GY, Zhang L, Liu Q (2015). Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus ofSibiraea angustata shrub in eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 21, 1128-1135. (in Chinese with English abstract)[贺合亮, 阳小成, 王东, 孙誉育, 尹春英, 李婷, 黎云祥, 周国英, 张林, 刘庆 (2015). 青藏高原东部窄叶鲜卑花灌丛土壤C、N、P生态化学计量学特征. 应用与环境生物学报, 21, 1128-1135.]
[12]	He JS, Han XG (2010). Ecological stoichiometry: Searching for unifying principles from individuals to ecosystems.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 2-6. (in Chinese)[贺金生, 韩兴国(2010). 生态化学计量学: 探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论. 植物生态学报, 34, 2-6.]
[13]	Hu YS, Yao XY, Liu YH (2014). N and P stoichiometric traits of plant and soil in different forest succession stages in Changbai Mountains.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 25, 632-638. (in Chinese with English abstract)[胡耀升, 么旭阳, 刘艳红 (2014). 长白山森林不同演替阶段植物与土壤氮磷的化学计量特征. 应用生态学报, 25, 632-638.]
[14]	Li DF, Yu SL, Wang GX, Fang WW (2015). Environmental heterogeneity and mechanism of stoichiometry properties of vegetative organs in dominant shrub communities across the Loess Plateau.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 39, 453-465. (in Chinese with English abstract)[李单凤, 于顺利, 王国勋, 方伟伟 (2015). 黄土高原优势灌丛营养器官化学计量特征的环境分异和机制. 植物生态学报, 39, 453-465.]
[15]	Li HS (2002). Modern Plant Physiology. Higher Education Press, Beijing, 96-100. (in Chinese)[李合生 (2002). 现代植物生理学. 高等教育出版社, 北京. 96-100.]
[16]	Li J, Yin CY, Zhou XB, Wei YH, Qiao G, Liu Q (2014). Ef- fects of nitrogen addition on soil respiration of Sibiraea angustata shrub in the eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 34, 5558-5569. (in Chin- ese with English abstract)[李娇, 尹春英, 周晓波, 魏宇航, 高巧, 刘庆 (2014). 施氮对青藏高原东缘窄叶鲜卑花灌丛土壤呼吸的影响. 生态学报, 34, 5558-5569.]
[17]	Li Z, Han L, Liu YH, An SQ, Leng X (2012). C, N and P stoichiometric characteristics in leaves of Suaeda salsa during different growth phase in coastal wetlands of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 36, 1054-1061. (in Chinese with English abstract)[李征, 韩琳, 刘玉虹, 安树青, 冷欣 (2012). 滨海盐地碱蓬不同生长阶段叶片C、N、P化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 36, 1054-1061.]
[18]	Liu C, Wang Y, Wang N, Wang GX (2012). Advances research in plant nitrogen, phosphorus and their stoichiometry in terrestrial ecosystems: A review.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 36, 1205-1216. (in Chinese with English abstract)[刘超, 王洋, 王楠, 王根轩 (2012). 陆地生态系统植被氮磷化学计量研究进展. 植物生态学报, 36, 1205-1216.]
[19]	Ma HH, Hou L, Dou YX, Zhang SX, Yang AD, Tian RX (2014). Stoichiometric characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorous in leaves of dominant shrub species in pine-oak mixed forest in the Qinling Mountains.Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 42(11), 35-38. (in Chinese with English abstract)[马红红, 侯琳, 窦艳星, 张硕新, 杨安定, 田瑞选 (2014). 秦岭松栎混交林优势灌木叶片N、P化学计量特征. 东北林业大学学报, 42(11), 35-38.]
[20]	Ma LS, Chen YN, Zhang XR, Yang JJ, An SS (2014). Characteristics of leaf ecological stoichiometry ofRobinia pseudoacacia in Loess Plateau. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 21(3), 57-61. (in Chinese with English abstract)[马露莎, 陈亚南, 张向茹, 杨佳佳, 安韶山 (2014). 黄土高原刺槐叶片生态化学计量学特征. 水土保持研究, 21(3), 57-61.]
[21]	Minden V, Kleyer M (2014). Internal and external regulation of plant organ stoichiometry.Plant Biology, 16, 897-907.
[22]	Moore TR, Trofymow JA, Prescott CE, Titus BD (2011). Nature and nurture in the dynamics of C, N and P during litter decomposition in Canadian forests.Plant and Soil, 339, 163-175.
[23]	Niklas KJ, Cobb ED (2005). N, P, and C stoichiometry ofEraanthis hyemalis(Ranunculaceae) and the allometry of plant growth. American Journal of Botany, 92, 1256-1263.
[24]	Niu DC, Li Q, Jiang SG, Chang PJ, Fu H (2013). Seasonal variations of leaf C:N:P stoichiometry of six shrubs in desert of China’s Alxa Plateau.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 37, 317-325. (in Chinese with English abstract)[牛得草, 李茜, 江世高, 常佩静, 傅华 (2013). 阿拉善荒漠区6种主要灌木植物叶片C:N:P化学计量比的季节变化. 植物生态学报, 37, 317-325.]
[25]	Qu FZ, Yu JB, Du SY, Li YZ, Lü XF, Ning K, Wu HF, Meng L (2014). Influences of anthropogenic cultivation on C, N and P stoichiometry of reed-dominated coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta.Geoderma, 236, 227-232.
[26]	Ren SJ, Yu GR, Tao B, Wang SQ (2007). Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 643 terrestrial plant spe- cies in NSTEC.Environmental Science, 28, 2665-2673. (in Chinese with English abstract)[任书杰, 于贵瑞, 陶波, 王绍强 (2007). 中国东部南北样带654种植物叶片氮和磷的化学计量学特征研究. 环境科学, 28, 2665-2673.]
[27]	Song ZL, Liu HY, Zhao FJ, Xu CY (2014). Ecological stoichiometry of N:P:Si in Chinese grasslands.Plant and Soil, 380, 165-179.
[28]	Sterner RW, Elser JJ (2002). Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere. Princeton University Press, Princeton. 1-20.
[29]	Vitousek PM (1998). Foliar and litter nutrients, nutrient resorption, and decomposition in Hawaiian Metrosideros polymorpha.Ecosystems, 1, 401-407.
[30]	Wright IJ, Reich PB, Cornelissen JHC, Falster DS, Garnier E, Hikosaka K, Lamont BB, Lee W, Oleksyn J, Osada N, Poorter H, Villar R, Warton DI, Westoby M (2005). Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships.New Phytologist, 166, 485-496.
[31]	Wang K, Wu HY, Lu H, Xu DY, Li N (2013). Leaf stoichiometric properties of garden tree species in Fuxin city.Arid Zone Research, 30, 236-241. (in Chinese with English abstract)[王凯, 吴祥云, 卢慧, 徐东洋, 李娜 (2013). 阜新市主要园林树种叶片生态化学计量特征. 干旱区研究, 30, 236-241.]
[32]	Wang ZW, Xu XH, Chen XT, Yu SS, Liu HD, Lin LG, Li B (2014). Chemical constituents from the aerial part of Sibi- raea angustata. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 37, 57-60. (in Chinese with English abstract)[王章伟, 徐向红, 陈笑天, 庾石山, 刘宏栋, 林利光, 李斌 (2014). 窄叶鲜卑花地上部分化学成分研究. 中药材, 37, 57-60.]
[33]	Wu N (1998). The community types and biomass of Sibiraea angustata scrub and their relationship with environmental factors in northwestern Sichuan. Acta Botanica Sinica, 40, 860-870. (in Chinese with English abstract)[吴宁 (1998). 川西北窄叶鲜卑花灌丛的类型和生物量及其与环境因子的关系. 植物学报, 40, 860-870.]
[34]	Wu TG, Wu M, Liu L, Xiao JH (2010). Seasonal variations of leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of three herbaceous species in Hangzhou Bay coastal wetlands, China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 23-28. (in Chinese with English abstract)[吴统贵, 吴明, 刘丽, 萧江华 (2010). 杭州湾滨海湿地3种草本植物叶片N、P化学计量学的季节变化. 植物生态学报, 34, 23-28.]
[35]	Xia CX, Yu D, Wang Z, Xie D (2014). Stoichiometry patterns of leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in aquatic macrophytes in eastern China.Ecological Engineering, 70, 406-413.
[36]	Yan ER, Wang XH, Guo M, Zhong Q, Zhou W (2010). C:N:P stoichiometry across evergreen broad-leaved forests, evergreen coniferous forests and deciduous broad-leaved forests in the Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province, eastern China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 48-57. (in Chinese with English abstract)[阎恩荣, 王希华, 郭明, 仲强, 周武 (2010). 浙江天童常绿阔叶林、常绿针叶林与落叶阔叶林的C:N:P化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 34, 48-57.]
[37]	Yan K, Fu DG, He F, Duan CQ (2011). Leaf nutrient stoichiometry of plants in the phosphorus-enriched soils of the Lake Dianchi watershed China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 353-361. (in Chinese with English abstract)[阎凯, 付登高, 何峰, 段昌群 (2011). 滇池流域富磷区不同土壤磷水平下植物叶片的养分化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 35, 353-361.]
[38]	Yang M, Wang QQ, Yuan DG, Li QQ, Zeng J, Luo Q, Lan XM, Tang J (2015). C, N, P stoichiometry traits of different flue-cured tobacco organs at different growth stages.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 23, 686-693. (in Chinese with English abstract)[杨梅, 王昌全, 袁大刚, 李启权, 曾建, 罗茜, 兰兴梅, 唐杰 (2015). 不同生长期烤烟各器官C、N、P生态化学计量学特征. 中国生态农业学报, 23, 686-693.]
[39]	Yao L, Ju Y (2009). Effects of Sibiraea augustata on digestive system. Chinese Journal Integrated Traditional Western Medicine Digestion, 17, 376-378. (in Chinese with English abstract)[姚莉, 鞠洋 (2009). 窄叶鲜卑花促消化作用的实验研究. 中国中西医结合消化杂志, 17, 376-378.]
[40]	Zeng DH, Chen GS (2005). Ecological stoichiometry: A science to explore the complexity of living systems.Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 29, 141-153. (in Chinese with English abstract)[曾德慧, 陈广生 (2005). 生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索. 植物生态学报, 29, 141-153.]
[41]	Zeng DP, Jiang LL, Zeng CS, Wang WQ, Wang C (2013). Reviews on the ecological stoichiometry characteristics and its applications.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 33, 5484-5492. (in Chinese with English abstract)[曾冬萍, 蒋利玲, 曾从盛, 王维奇, 王纯 (2013). 生态化学计量学特征及其应用研究进展. 生态学报, 33, 5484-5492.]
[42]	Zhang FH, He F, He YP, Fan H, Jiang TL (2008). The influencing factors and protection of biodiversity in western Sichuan. Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and
[43]	Technology, 29(6), 46-51. (in Chinese with English abstract)[张发会, 何飞, 何亚平, 樊华, 降廷伦 (2008). 川西生物多样性的影响因素及其保护对策. 四川林业科技, 29(6), 46-51.]
[44]	Zhang K, He MZ, Li XR, Tan HJ, Gao YH, Li G, Han GJ, Wu YY (2014). Foliar carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of typical desert plants across the Alashan Desert.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 34, 6538-6547. (in Chinese with English abstract)[张珂, 何明珠, 李新荣, 谭会娟, 高艳红, 李刚, 韩国君, 吴杨杨 (2014). 阿拉善荒漠典型植物叶片碳、氮、磷化学计量特征. 生态学报, 34, 6538-6547.]
[45]	Zhang ZS, Song XL, Lu XG, Xue ZS (2013). Ecological stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in estuarine wetland soils: Influences of vegetation coverage, plant communities, geomorphology, and seawalls.Journal of Soils Sediments, 13, 1043-1051.
[46]	Zhang XS (1978). The plateau zonality of vegetation in Xizang.Acta Botanica Sinica, 20, 140-149. (in Chinese with English abstract)[张新时 (1978). 西藏植被的高原地带性. 植物学报, 20, 140-149.]

样地编号 Plot ID	调查地区 Location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	海拔 Altitude (m)	灌木层高度 Height of shrub layer (m)	灌木层盖度 Coverage of shrub layer (%)	坡度 Slope aspect (°)	坡位 Slope position
1	四川理塘 Litang, Sichuan	29.88°	100.33°	3 980	1.10	80	10	中部 Middle part
2	四川理塘 Litang, Sichuan	30.08°	100.35°	4 064	0.80	60	10	下部 Lower part
3	四川色达 Sêrtar, Sichuan	31.85°	100.73°	3 535	0.40	70	21	中下部 Mid-lower part
4	四川炉霍 Luhuo, Sichuan	31.62°	100.23°	3 847	0.70	70	20	中部 Middle part
5	四川甘孜 Garzê, Sichuan	31.45°	99.97°	4 212	0.85	75	19	中下部 Mid-lower part
6	四川道孚 Dawu, Sichuan	30.88°	101.23°	3 332	1.20	40	14	中下部 Mid-lower part
7	四川小金 Xiaojin, Sichuan	31.70°	102.32°	4 034	2.20	70	15	中上部 Mid-upper part
8	四川马尔康 Maerkang, Sichuan	31.90°	102.65°	3 709	3.10	70	20	中部 Middle part
9	四川阿坝 Aba, Sichuan	32.72°	102.01°	3 813	1.20	60	15	中部 Middle part
10	四川壤塘 Xiangtang, Sichuan	32.30°	101.07°	3 909	1.10	70	15	中部 Middle part
11	四川金川 Jinchuan, Sichuan	31.53°	101.68°	3 748	2.20	50	5	下部 Lower part
12	四川松潘 Songpan, Sichuan	33.02°	102.95°	3 344	1.05	80	0	中上部 Mid-upper part
13	青海久治 Jiuzhi, Qinghai	33.27°	100.62°	3 738	0.90	70	28	下部 Lower part
14	青海玉树 Yushu, Qinghai	33.03°	96.87°	4 053	1.20	65	39	中下部 Mid-lower part
15	青海囊谦 Nangqên, Qinghai	31.88°	96.88°	4 034	1.05	45	35	中下部 Mid-lower part
16	西藏洛隆 Lhorong, Xizang	30.73°	96.08°	4 198	0.70	32	10	下部 Lower part

样地编号 Plot ID	调查地区 Location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	海拔 Altitude (m)	灌木层高度 Height of shrub layer (m)	灌木层盖度 Coverage of shrub layer (%)	坡度 Slope aspect (°)	坡位 Slope position
1	四川理塘 Litang, Sichuan	29.88°	100.33°	3 980	1.10	80	10	中部 Middle part
2	四川理塘 Litang, Sichuan	30.08°	100.35°	4 064	0.80	60	10	下部 Lower part
3	四川色达 Sêrtar, Sichuan	31.85°	100.73°	3 535	0.40	70	21	中下部 Mid-lower part
4	四川炉霍 Luhuo, Sichuan	31.62°	100.23°	3 847	0.70	70	20	中部 Middle part
5	四川甘孜 Garzê, Sichuan	31.45°	99.97°	4 212	0.85	75	19	中下部 Mid-lower part
6	四川道孚 Dawu, Sichuan	30.88°	101.23°	3 332	1.20	40	14	中下部 Mid-lower part
7	四川小金 Xiaojin, Sichuan	31.70°	102.32°	4 034	2.20	70	15	中上部 Mid-upper part
8	四川马尔康 Maerkang, Sichuan	31.90°	102.65°	3 709	3.10	70	20	中部 Middle part
9	四川阿坝 Aba, Sichuan	32.72°	102.01°	3 813	1.20	60	15	中部 Middle part
10	四川壤塘 Xiangtang, Sichuan	32.30°	101.07°	3 909	1.10	70	15	中部 Middle part
11	四川金川 Jinchuan, Sichuan	31.53°	101.68°	3 748	2.20	50	5	下部 Lower part
12	四川松潘 Songpan, Sichuan	33.02°	102.95°	3 344	1.05	80	0	中上部 Mid-upper part
13	青海久治 Jiuzhi, Qinghai	33.27°	100.62°	3 738	0.90	70	28	下部 Lower part
14	青海玉树 Yushu, Qinghai	33.03°	96.87°	4 053	1.20	65	39	中下部 Mid-lower part
15	青海囊谦 Nangqên, Qinghai	31.88°	96.88°	4 034	1.05	45	35	中下部 Mid-lower part
16	西藏洛隆 Lhorong, Xizang	30.73°	96.08°	4 198	0.70	32	10	下部 Lower part

元素指标 Element	不同器官 Different organ	n	MIN (g·kg^-1)	MAX (g·kg^-1)	M (g·kg^-1)	SD (g·kg^-1)	CV (%)
C	叶 Leaf	31	451.16	487.92	466.33^a	9.58	2.05
	果 Fruit	16	443.82	494.54	480.35^ab	21.33	4.44
	当年枝 Twig	22	471.58	496.38	483.37^b	8.28	1.71
	茎 Shoot	30	475.34	520.68	495.07^b	10.29	2.08
	根 Root	29	407.51	500.62	468.47^a	19.46	4.15
N	叶 Leaf	31	14.14	32.84	22.27^c	4.65	20.88
	果 Fruit	16	17.08	23.25	19.74^c	2.86	14.49
	当年枝 Twig	22	5.16	11.02	7.98^b	2.03	25.44
	茎 Shoot	30	2.95	6.77	4.54^a	0.97	21.37
	根 Root	29	2.69	6.91	4.00^a	1.02	25.50
P	叶 Leaf	31	1.07	4.10	1.92^c	0.65	33.85
	果 Fruit	16	2.37	3.33	2.85^d	0.40	15.09
	当年枝 Twig	22	0.83	1.16	0.96^b	0.11	11.46
	茎 Shoot	30	0.22	0.78	0.45^a	0.16	35.56
	根 Root	29	0.23	1.14	0.52^a	0.24	46.15

元素指标 Element	不同器官 Different organ	n	MIN (g·kg^-1)	MAX (g·kg^-1)	M (g·kg^-1)	SD (g·kg^-1)	CV (%)
C	叶 Leaf	31	451.16	487.92	466.33^a	9.58	2.05
	果 Fruit	16	443.82	494.54	480.35^ab	21.33	4.44
	当年枝 Twig	22	471.58	496.38	483.37^b	8.28	1.71
	茎 Shoot	30	475.34	520.68	495.07^b	10.29	2.08
	根 Root	29	407.51	500.62	468.47^a	19.46	4.15
N	叶 Leaf	31	14.14	32.84	22.27^c	4.65	20.88
	果 Fruit	16	17.08	23.25	19.74^c	2.86	14.49
	当年枝 Twig	22	5.16	11.02	7.98^b	2.03	25.44
	茎 Shoot	30	2.95	6.77	4.54^a	0.97	21.37
	根 Root	29	2.69	6.91	4.00^a	1.02	25.50
P	叶 Leaf	31	1.07	4.10	1.92^c	0.65	33.85
	果 Fruit	16	2.37	3.33	2.85^d	0.40	15.09
	当年枝 Twig	22	0.83	1.16	0.96^b	0.11	11.46
	茎 Shoot	30	0.22	0.78	0.45^a	0.16	35.56
	根 Root	29	0.23	1.14	0.52^a	0.24	46.15

元素比值 Element ratio	不同器官 Different organ	n	MIN	MAX	M	SD	CV (%)
C:N	叶 Leaf	31	13.74	32.99	21.89^a	4.90	22.38
	果 Fruit	16	19.84	28.75	24.82^a	4.26	17.16
	当年枝 Twig	22	44.14	96.18	64.16^b	16.83	26.23
	茎 Shoot	30	71.70	167.96	113.72^c	23.02	20.24
	根 Root	29	63.72	174.63	123.92^c	28.78	23.22
N:P	叶 Leaf	31	4.15	16.91	12.41^c	3.11	25.06
	果 Fruit	16	5.28	9.42	7.12^a	1.93	27.11
	当年枝 Twig	22	5.87	9.88	8.21^a	1.42	17.30
	茎 Shoot	30	5.96	17.32	10.80^b	2.80	25.93
	根 Root	29	2.86	14.97	8.74^a	3.11	35.58
C:P	叶 Leaf	31	112.11	454.22	266.18^b	82.09	30.84
	果 Fruit	16	147.97	186.92	170.30^a	17.54	10.30
	当年枝 Twig	22	418.12	570.63	507.29^c	51.77	10.21
	茎 Shoot	30	629.05	2 219.58	1 235.46^d	437.02	35.37
	根 Root	29	421.11	2 089.60	1 070.28^d	439.16	41.03