Effects of three planting patterns on soil microbial community composition

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00965

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Planting patterns have direct effects on soil microorganisms. Because of different plants and human activities, planting patterns change soil fertility. Our objective is to understand the effects of different planting patterns on soil microbial community structure.
Methods We carried out a long-term field experiment at Jilin Agriculture University that used phospholipid fatty acid analysis method to study the effects of three planting patterns of corn: continuous cropping, non-continuous cropping and uncultivated.
Important findings Different planting patterns affected soil microbial community structure. Continuous cropping of corn had the lowest total phospholipid fatty acids and bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (33.12 nmol·g^-1 and 18.09 nmol·g^-1, respectively). Fungal phospholipid fatty acids and fungi/bacteria with non-continuous cropping were 0.61 nmol^.g^-1and 3.06%, respectively, and were significantly lower than with uncultivated and continuous cropping (p < 0.05). But the ratio of gram positive phospholipid fatty acids/gram negative phospholipid fatty acids was greater with non-continuous cropping. The uncultivated treatment had greater total and bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (42.98 nmol·g^-1 and 24.68 nmol·g^-1, respectively), higher contents of gram positive phospholipid fatty acids and gram negative phospholipid fatty acids, and a lower ratio of gram positive phospholipid fatty acids/gram negative phospholipid fatty acids. Principal component analysis showed that soil microbial community structure with cropping was significant different (p < 0.05) with that of uncultured in first principal component. Non-continuous cropping and continuous cropping were negatively positioned in first principal component with principal component scores of -2.48 and -1.84, respectively. Uncultivated was in a positive position in first principal component with a principal component score of 2.31. Redundancy analysis of soil microbial community structure and environmental variables showed that soil pH and soil-water stable aggragates had the strongest positive correlation with phospholipid fatty acids and that total nitrogen and available phosphorus were also positively correlated with phospholipid fatty acids.

Key words: continuous cropping of corn, microbial community structure, phospholipid fatty acid, planting patterns

SHI Peng, WANG Shu-Ping, JIA Shu-Gang, GAO Qiang, SUN Xiao-Qiang. Effects of three planting patterns on soil microbial community composition[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2011, 35(9): 965-972.

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Figures/Tables 6

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处理 Treatment	连作 Continuous cropping	非连作 Non-continuous cropping	撂荒 Uncultivated
pH (水土比 water : soil 1 : 2.5)	6.84 ± 0.05^b	7.01 ± 0.15^b	7.56 ± 0.09^a
总碳 Total C (g·kg^-1)	14.9 ± 0.2^b	17.9 ± 0.3^a	15.4 ± 0.5^b
总氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	1.3 ± 0.0^b	1.5 ± 0.0^a	1.3 ± 0.0^ab
碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable N (mg·kg^-1)	96.1 ± 6.7^a	94.9 ± 0.5^a	96.0 ± 0.7^a
硝态氮 NO₃^--N (mg·kg^-1)	5.78 ± 0.09^a	9.29 ± 2.40^a	9.91 ± 2.35^a
铵态氮 NH₄⁺-N (mg·kg^-1)	0.12 ± 0.05^b	0.45 ± 0.02^a	0.18 ± 0.10^b
有效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	10.0 ± 0.5^c	22.3 ± 0.4^b	24.5 ± 1.6^a
土壤>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量 Contents of soil-water stable aggragate > 0.25 mm (%)	21.4 ± 1.0^a	23.3 ± 1.9^a	28.0 ± 2.4^a

处理 Treatment	连作 Continuous cropping	非连作 Non-continuous cropping	撂荒 Uncultivated
pH (水土比 water : soil 1 : 2.5)	6.84 ± 0.05^b	7.01 ± 0.15^b	7.56 ± 0.09^a
总碳 Total C (g·kg^-1)	14.9 ± 0.2^b	17.9 ± 0.3^a	15.4 ± 0.5^b
总氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	1.3 ± 0.0^b	1.5 ± 0.0^a	1.3 ± 0.0^ab
碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable N (mg·kg^-1)	96.1 ± 6.7^a	94.9 ± 0.5^a	96.0 ± 0.7^a
硝态氮 NO₃^--N (mg·kg^-1)	5.78 ± 0.09^a	9.29 ± 2.40^a	9.91 ± 2.35^a
铵态氮 NH₄⁺-N (mg·kg^-1)	0.12 ± 0.05^b	0.45 ± 0.02^a	0.18 ± 0.10^b
有效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	10.0 ± 0.5^c	22.3 ± 0.4^b	24.5 ± 1.6^a
土壤>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量 Contents of soil-water stable aggragate > 0.25 mm (%)	21.4 ± 1.0^a	23.3 ± 1.9^a	28.0 ± 2.4^a

处理 Treatment	总磷脂脂肪酸 Total phospholipid fatty acids (nmol·g^-1)	细菌磷脂脂肪酸 Bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (nmol·g^-1)	真菌磷脂脂肪酸 Fungal phospholipid fatty acids (nmol·g^-1)	真菌/细菌 Fungi/Bacteria (%)
连作 Continuous cropping	33.12 ± 2.90^a	18.09 ± 1.55^a	2.91 ± 0.41^a	15.95 ± 1.14^a
非连作 Non-continuous cropping	33.81 ± 5.28^a	19.26 ± 2.73^a	0.61 ± 0.17^b	3.06 ± 0.44^b
撂荒 Uncultivated	42.98 ± 8.81^a	24.68 ± 4.86^a	2.62 ± 0.67^a	11.01 ± 2.22^a

处理 Treatment	总磷脂脂肪酸 Total phospholipid fatty acids (nmol·g^-1)	细菌磷脂脂肪酸 Bacterial phospholipid fatty acids (nmol·g^-1)	真菌磷脂脂肪酸 Fungal phospholipid fatty acids (nmol·g^-1)	真菌/细菌 Fungi/Bacteria (%)
连作 Continuous cropping	33.12 ± 2.90^a	18.09 ± 1.55^a	2.91 ± 0.41^a	15.95 ± 1.14^a
非连作 Non-continuous cropping	33.81 ± 5.28^a	19.26 ± 2.73^a	0.61 ± 0.17^b	3.06 ± 0.44^b
撂荒 Uncultivated	42.98 ± 8.81^a	24.68 ± 4.86^a	2.62 ± 0.67^a	11.01 ± 2.22^a

处理 Treatment	第一主成分 First principal component	第二主成分 Second principal component
连作 Continuous cropping	-2.48 ± 0.82^b	0.66 ± 1.01^a
非连作 Non-continuous cropping	-1.84 ± 0.73^b	1.23 ± 1.82^a
撂荒 Uncultivated	2.31 ± 1.47^a	-1.89 ± 0.90^a