Effects of cold stratification and dry storage at room temperature on seed germination of eight desert species from the Hexi Corridor of China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00791

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims We investigated seed germination of eight desert plant species of the Hexi Corridor of China following cold-wet stratification and dry storage at room temperature to better understand seed germination and dormancy characteristics and how these species are adapted to their habitat.
Methods Seed viability and initial germination percentage of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Sphaerophysa salsula, Peganum multisectum, Zygophyllum fabago, Nitraria tangutorum, Lycium ruthenicum, Salsola ruthenica and Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus were determined. Then seeds of these species were divided into four groups (I, II, III and IV) and stored in a refrigerator ((4 ± 1) °C, moist), cold room in winter ((-5 ± 1) °C, moist), outdoor in winter ((-26 - 10) °C, moist) and room temperature ((20 ± 1) °C, dry) for 60 d. Germination was determined under a constant (20 °C) and an alternating temperature regime (25 °C / 10 °C) with 12 h photoperiod (light/dark) for 30 d. Two main germination indices including germination percentage and T50 (half germination time) were recorded. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and the least significant difference test (LSD) at 5% level.
Important findings There were three types of seed responses to cold-wet stratification: germination percentage increased, no change, or decreased. Germination percentage of seeds of P. multisectum and Z. fabago significantly increased following cold-wet stratification of 4 °C and -5 °C, and partially increased following -26 - 10 °C. Germination percentage of seeds of L. ruthenicum significantly increased following 4 °C, -5 °C, -26 - 10 °C and dry storage at room temperature, with germination of 90%-100%. Seeds of P. multisectum, Z. fabago and L. ruthenicum have slight physiological dormancy. Germination of seeds of N. tangutorum, G. uralensis and Sphaerophysa salsula slightly changed following three cold-wet stratification. Seeds of Salsola ruthenica with non-dormancy (germinated to 84% before storage) decreased their germination following cold-wet stratification of 4 °C, whereas no change occurred at -5 °C, -26 - 10 °C. In addition, the response of germination to incubation temperature varied with species.

Key words: cold-wet stratification, desert plant, regeneration, seed germination

WANG Ju-Hong, MA Rui-Jun, CHEN Wen. Effects of cold stratification and dry storage at room temperature on seed germination of eight desert species from the Hexi Corridor of China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(8): 791-801.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00791

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Figures/Tables 6

References 30

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物种 Species	种子百粒重 100-seeds weight (g)	种子形状(方差) Seed shape (Variance)	种子含水量 Seed water content (%)	种子活性 Seed viability (%)	初始萌发率 Initial germination (%)
甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis	0.695 ± 0.080	1.58 ± 0.782	7.58	92.0 ± 2.7	10 ± 2
苦马豆 Sphaerophysa salsula	0.766 ± 0.030	0.58 ± 0.228	5.05	100.0 ± 2.3	34 ± 6
多裂骆驼蓬 Peganum multisectum	0.520 ± 0.015	4.10 ± 0.207	6.03	98.0 ± 4.0	20 ± 4
驼蹄瓣 Zygophyllum fabago	0.244 ± 0.002	2.23 ± 0.396	7.38	98.6 ± 4.6	52 ± 2
唐古特白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	3.488 ± 0.214	6.74 ± 1.388	7.66	98.0 ± 3.0	0 ± 0
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	0.052 ± 0.001	0.42 ± 0.055	12.38	100.0 ± 2.7	38 ± 3
刺沙蓬 Salsola ruthenica	0.173 ± 0.005	5.79 ± 0.865	5.39	100.0 ± 2.4	84 ± 9
中亚紫菀木 Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus	0.032 ± 0.001	1.81 ± 0.106	11.40	87.0 ± 5.0	50 ± 3

物种 Species	种子百粒重 100-seeds weight (g)	种子形状(方差) Seed shape (Variance)	种子含水量 Seed water content (%)	种子活性 Seed viability (%)	初始萌发率 Initial germination (%)
甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis	0.695 ± 0.080	1.58 ± 0.782	7.58	92.0 ± 2.7	10 ± 2
苦马豆 Sphaerophysa salsula	0.766 ± 0.030	0.58 ± 0.228	5.05	100.0 ± 2.3	34 ± 6
多裂骆驼蓬 Peganum multisectum	0.520 ± 0.015	4.10 ± 0.207	6.03	98.0 ± 4.0	20 ± 4
驼蹄瓣 Zygophyllum fabago	0.244 ± 0.002	2.23 ± 0.396	7.38	98.6 ± 4.6	52 ± 2
唐古特白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	3.488 ± 0.214	6.74 ± 1.388	7.66	98.0 ± 3.0	0 ± 0
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	0.052 ± 0.001	0.42 ± 0.055	12.38	100.0 ± 2.7	38 ± 3
刺沙蓬 Salsola ruthenica	0.173 ± 0.005	5.79 ± 0.865	5.39	100.0 ± 2.4	84 ± 9
中亚紫菀木 Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus	0.032 ± 0.001	1.81 ± 0.106	11.40	87.0 ± 5.0	50 ± 3

物种 Species	培养温度 Incubation temperature (℃)	贮藏方式对萌发率的影响 Effect of storage mode on germination			贮藏方式对T50的影响 Effect of storage mode on T50		贮藏方式 Storage method	温度对萌发率的影响 Effect of temperature on germination
物种 Species	培养温度 Incubation temperature (℃)	df	F	p	F	p		df	F	p	F	p
甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis	20	4	0.298	ns	2.208	ns	I	1	7.733	*	0.001	ns
	25/10	4	7.18	**	8.055	**	II	1	0.892	ns	0.015	ns
							III	1	0.755	ns	0.137	ns
							IV	1	1.537	ns	3.084	ns
苦马豆Sphaerophysa salsula	20	4	6.282	**	30.245	***	I	1	0.293	ns	0.102	ns
	25/10	4	6.869	**	2.985	ns	II	1	3.250	ns	4.866	ns
							III	1	23.68	**	16.636	*
							IV	1	2.110	ns	0.054	ns
多裂骆驼蓬Peganum multisectum	20	4	33.66	***	111.57	***	I	1	1.261	ns	1.412	ns
	25/10	4	64.46	***	20.037	***	II	1	5.847	ns	57.889	**
							III	1	7.113	ns	32.980	**
							IV	1	84.495	***	6.092	ns
驼蹄瓣 Zygophyllum fabago	20	4	10.509	***	3.673	*	I	1	104.079	***	5.620	ns
	25/10	4	21.457	***	104.171	***	II	1	3.339	ns	21.413	**
							III	1	4.765	ns	0.000	ns
							IV	1	3.226	ns	2.369	ns
唐古特白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	20	4	12.292	***	1.366	ns	I	1	11.644	*
	25/10	4	20.677	***	44.189	***	II	1	0.857	ns	5.680	ns
							III	1	0.158	ns	5.007	ns
							IV	1	3.845	ns	12.107	*
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	20	4	12.292	***	45.67	***	I	1	11.644	*	15.310	**
	25/10	4	20.677	***	80.626	***	II	1	0.857	ns	3.499	ns
							III	1	0.158	ns	4.401	ns
							IV	1	3.845	ns	0.448	ns
刺沙蓬 Salsola ruthenica	20	4	16.519	***	53.94	***	I	1	0.429	ns	75.000	***
	25/10	4	87.004	***	2.830	ns	II	1	3.618	ns	3.160	ns
							III	1	40.117	**	1.000	ns
							IV	1	2.295	ns	1.468	ns
中亚紫菀木 Asterothamnus centrali- asiaticus	20	4	2.797	ns	24.744	***	I	1	4.839	ns	1 228.530	***
	25/10	4	0.365	ns	6.875	**	II	1	0.003	ns	0.314	ns
							III	1	0.724	ns	4.323	ns
							IV	1	4.379	ns	0.831	ns

物种 Species	培养温度 Incubation temperature (℃)	贮藏方式对萌发率的影响 Effect of storage mode on germination			贮藏方式对T50的影响 Effect of storage mode on T50		贮藏方式 Storage method	温度对萌发率的影响 Effect of temperature on germination
物种 Species	培养温度 Incubation temperature (℃)	df	F	p	F	p		df	F	p	F	p
甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis	20	4	0.298	ns	2.208	ns	I	1	7.733	*	0.001	ns
	25/10	4	7.18	**	8.055	**	II	1	0.892	ns	0.015	ns
							III	1	0.755	ns	0.137	ns
							IV	1	1.537	ns	3.084	ns
苦马豆Sphaerophysa salsula	20	4	6.282	**	30.245	***	I	1	0.293	ns	0.102	ns
	25/10	4	6.869	**	2.985	ns	II	1	3.250	ns	4.866	ns
							III	1	23.68	**	16.636	*
							IV	1	2.110	ns	0.054	ns
多裂骆驼蓬Peganum multisectum	20	4	33.66	***	111.57	***	I	1	1.261	ns	1.412	ns
	25/10	4	64.46	***	20.037	***	II	1	5.847	ns	57.889	**
							III	1	7.113	ns	32.980	**
							IV	1	84.495	***	6.092	ns
驼蹄瓣 Zygophyllum fabago	20	4	10.509	***	3.673	*	I	1	104.079	***	5.620	ns
	25/10	4	21.457	***	104.171	***	II	1	3.339	ns	21.413	**
							III	1	4.765	ns	0.000	ns
							IV	1	3.226	ns	2.369	ns
唐古特白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	20	4	12.292	***	1.366	ns	I	1	11.644	*
	25/10	4	20.677	***	44.189	***	II	1	0.857	ns	5.680	ns
							III	1	0.158	ns	5.007	ns
							IV	1	3.845	ns	12.107	*
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	20	4	12.292	***	45.67	***	I	1	11.644	*	15.310	**
	25/10	4	20.677	***	80.626	***	II	1	0.857	ns	3.499	ns
							III	1	0.158	ns	4.401	ns
							IV	1	3.845	ns	0.448	ns
刺沙蓬 Salsola ruthenica	20	4	16.519	***	53.94	***	I	1	0.429	ns	75.000	***
	25/10	4	87.004	***	2.830	ns	II	1	3.618	ns	3.160	ns
							III	1	40.117	**	1.000	ns
							IV	1	2.295	ns	1.468	ns
中亚紫菀木 Asterothamnus centrali- asiaticus	20	4	2.797	ns	24.744	***	I	1	4.839	ns	1 228.530	***
	25/10	4	0.365	ns	6.875	**	II	1	0.003	ns	0.314	ns
							III	1	0.724	ns	4.323	ns
							IV	1	4.379	ns	0.831	ns

物种 Species	培养温度Incubation temperature (℃)	贮藏前 Before storage	冰箱贮藏 Stored in refrigerator	冬季冷屋贮藏 Stored in cold room in winter	冬季室外贮藏 Stored outdoors in winter	室温干燥贮藏 Dry stored at room temperature
甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis	20	1.9 ± 0.02^a	2.2 ± 0.28^ab	3.5 ± 1.69^ab	3.4 ± 1.63^ab	5.2 ± 2.51^ab
甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis	25/10	1.8 ± 0.50^a	2.2 ± 2.46^a	3.3 ± 2.02^a	3.0 ± 1.32^a	7.8 ± 0.76^b
苦马豆 Sphaerophysa salsula	20	19.0 ± 3.20^bf	7.9 ± 3.35^ad	13.5 ± 1.8b^e	2.7 ± 1.44^c	19.5 ± 3.96^bf
苦马豆 Sphaerophysa salsula	25/10	17.0 ± 3.60^b	8.5 ± 0.50^a	17.5 ± 2.58^b	15.3 ± 5.37^ab	18.7 ± 7.58^b
多裂骆驼蓬 Peganum multisectum	20	5.1 ± 0.23^d	2.1 ± 0.39^e	1.4 ± 0.21^b	2.7 ± 0.17^c	2.7 ± 0.28^c
多裂骆驼蓬 Peganum multisectum	25/10	5.3 ± 0.20^bd	2.3 ± 0.17^ae	2.4 ± 0.07^a	5.3 ± 0.75^b	9.4 ± 1.91^c
驼蹄瓣 Zygophyllum fabago	20	5.7 ± 1.03^bc	2.3 ± 0.45^ab	1.2 ± 0.25^a	2.7 ± 0.40^ab	6.8 ± 5.25^bd
驼蹄瓣 Zygophyllum fabago	25/10	5.4 ± 2.36^c	1.6 ± 0.27^a	2.4 ± 0.45^b	2.7 ± 0.21^b	2.8 ± 0.04^b
唐古特白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	20	-	13.2 ± 0.46^b	12.7 ± 9.48^b	14.1 ± 0.21^b	20.7 ± 8.54^b
唐古特白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	25/10	-	-	26.5 ± 4.06^b	19.3 ± 4.68^b	5.8 ± 0.19^a
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	20	6.2 ± 0.67^di	1.3 ± 0.34^a	2.4 ± 0.91^bf	3.7 ± 0.61^cg	6.2 ± 0.85^dh
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	25/10	6.7 ± 0.23ⁱ	2.1 ± 0.21^e	3.2 ± 0.21^f	4.7 ± 0.79^g	5.8 ± 0.13^h
刺沙蓬 Salsola ruthenica	20	0.7 ± 0.06^b	1.8 ± 0.28^c	0.6 ± 0.07^ac	0.5 ± 0.01^a	0.6 ± 0.06^ab
刺沙蓬 Salsola ruthenica	25/10	0.8 ± 0.10^ab	0.5 ± 0.00^a	2.4 ± 2.10^bc	0.5 ± 0.00^a	0.7 ± 0.10^a
中亚紫菀木 Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus	20	5.6 ± 1.67^d	0.7 ± 0.09^e	4.4 ± 1.32^c	3.1 ± 0.25^b	2.6 ± 0.73^b
中亚紫菀木 Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus	25/10	5.3 ± 1.32^d	2.4 ± 0.04^a	3.9 ± 1.46^bc	4.3 ± 1.14^bcd	2.9 ± 0.14^ab