Combined effects of elevated temperature, elevated [CO2] and nitrogen supply on non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and allocation in Quercus mongolica seedlings

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.10.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Quercus mongolica is the main secondary forest species in northeastern China. Study of the responses of its organic carbon accumulation and storage capacity to climate changes may provide a scientific basis for predicting community regeneration and growth. Our aim was to determine responses of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) of Q. mongolica seedlings to the combined effects of elevated CO₂ concentration, temperature and soil nitrogen.

Methods We used three artificial climate chambers whose environmental conditions were 1) CO₂ concentration elevated to 700 μmol·mol^-1 and temperature elevated 4 °C (HCHT), 2) temperature elevated 4 °C and CO₂ concentration unaltered (HT) and 3) temperature and CO₂ concentration unaltered. Three different soil nitrogen concentrations were used to determine effects on the dynamics of NSC in one-year old seedlings during the growing season: N2 (15 mmol·L^-1), N1 (7.5 mmol·L^-1, i.e., the normal nitrogen supply) and N0 (no nitrogen).

Important findings The HTHC treatment changed the proportion of NSC partitioned to different organs of the seedlings and increased the accumulation of sugar and starch by the seedlings. N2 supply increased the accumulation of NSC, but there was no promotion effect on the accumulation of total NSC of the seedlings. The HT treatment significantly affected the accumulation and allocation of NSC of the seedlings, promoted the accumulation of NSC of the seedlings and increased the proportion of allocation of NSC to taproots under N2 supply. The dynamics of the soluble sugar content were different among the three treatments in different organs of the seedlings. The starch content increased in taproots, but gradually decreased in fine roots. Added nitrogen may promote the growth of Q. mongolica seedlings with future climate warming, thereby increasing their carbon storage, ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions and potential natural regeneration.

Key words: accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate, allocation of non-structural carbohydrate, elevated CO₂, elevated temperature, Quercus mongolica

MAO Zi-Jun, JIA Gui-Mei, LIU Lin-Xin, ZHAO Meng. Combined effects of elevated temperature, elevated [CO₂] and nitrogen supply on non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and allocation in Quercus mongolica seedlings[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(10): 1174-1184.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2010/V34/I10/1174

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Temperature (in growth camber 1, camber 2) and illumination (in all of three chambers) of June, July and August. PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

Fig. 2 Percentage of soluble sugar of dry matter in various parts of seedlings. A, Leaf. B, Stem. C, Taproot. D, Lateral root. E, Fine root. N2, high nitrogen (15 mmol·L-1); N1, normal nitrogen (7.5 mmol·L-1); N0, no added nitrogen. HCHT, CO2 concentration elevated to 700 μmol·mol-1 and temperature elevated 4 ℃; HT, temperature elevated 4 ℃; CK, control.

Fig. 3 The percentage of starch of dry matter in various parts of seedlings. Notes see Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 The percentage of sugar of the whole seedling in different conditions. Different small letters show significant differences (p ≤ 0. 05) among different treatments in the same month. CK, HCHT, HT, N0, N1, N2, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 The percentage of starch of the whole seedling in different conditions. Different small letters show significant differences (p ≤ 0. 05) among different treatments in the same month. N0, N1, N2, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 The percentage of non-structure carbohydrate of the whole seedling in different conditions. Different small letters show significant differences (p ≤ 0. 05) among different treatments in the same each month. N0, N1, N2, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 Dynamics of the accumulation of sugar in whole seedlings and their various parts. FR, fine root; L, leaf; LR, lateral root; S, stem; TR, taproot. Columns of the same variable in columns N2, N1, and N0 with different small letters above them are significantly different (p ≤ 0. 05) among different treatments in the same each month. CK, HCHT, HT, N0, N1, N2, see Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 Dynamics of the accumulation of starch in whole seedlings and their various parts. Notes see Fig. 7.

Table 1 Allocation of soluble sugars in various parts of seedlings under different treatment conditions (%)

N水平 N level	HCHT					HT					CK
N水平 N level	L	S	TR	LR	FR	L	S	TR	LR	FR	L	S	TR	LR	FR
N2	42	11	40	3	4	12	16	60	8	4	23	4	57	4	2
N1	43	14	38	3	2	26	28	36	6	4	22	21	47	5	5
N0	33	11	42	6	8	22	23	46	4	5	17	17	55	4.5	6.5

Table 2 Allocation of starch in various parts of seedling under different treatment conditions (%)

N水平 N level	HCHT					HT					CK
N水平 N level	L	S	TR	LR	FR	L	S	TR	LR	FR	L	S	TR	LR	FR
N2	25	6	64	4	1	6	8	76	9	1	9	10	76	4	1
N1	17	7	72	3	1	21	18	57	3	1	11	16	69	3	1
N0	28	6	60	4	2	18	11	68	2	1	7	7	83	2	1

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Combined effects of elevated temperature, elevated [CO₂] and nitrogen supply on non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and allocation in Quercus mongolica seedlings

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