Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 10-18.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00010
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
LI Jian-Wei1, WANG Li-Xin1,2,*(), WANG Wei3, LIANG Cun-Zhu2,3, LIU Hua-Min3
Received:
2011-06-20
Accepted:
2011-11-04
Online:
2012-06-20
Published:
2012-01-05
Contact:
WANG Li-Xin
LI Jian-Wei, WANG Li-Xin, WANG Wei, LIANG Cun-Zhu, LIU Hua-Min. Characterization of degradation of wetland plant communities on floodplain in typical steppe region of Inner Mongolia Plateau, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(1): 10-18.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00010
Fig. 1 Topographic map of the study site. A1, Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata association; B1, Carex appendiculata + Eleocharis valleculosa association; C1, Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa association; D1, Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii association; A2, Carex appendiculata + Geranium vlassowianum association; B2, Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis association; C2, Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean association; D2, Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia association.
地势 Topography | 围封群落 Fenced community | 放牧群落 Grazed community |
---|---|---|
低河漫滩湿地 Low floodplain wetland | 狭叶甜茅+散穗早熟禾 (A1) Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata(A1) | 灰脉薹草+灰背老鹳草(A2) Carex appendiculata + Geranium vlassowianum(A2) |
灰脉薹草+针蔺 (B1) Carex appendiculata + Eleocharis valleculosa(B1) | 羊草+黄花草木犀 (B2) Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis (B2) | |
过渡带 Transition zone | 灰脉薹草+狭叶甜茅 (C1) Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa(C1) | 狭叶甜茅+小糠草 (C2) Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean(C2) |
高河漫滩湿地 High floodplain wetland | 羊草+黄囊薹草 (D1) Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii (D1) | 羊草+裂叶蒿 (D2) Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia (D2) |
Table 1 Type and code of wetland plant communities in study site
地势 Topography | 围封群落 Fenced community | 放牧群落 Grazed community |
---|---|---|
低河漫滩湿地 Low floodplain wetland | 狭叶甜茅+散穗早熟禾 (A1) Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata(A1) | 灰脉薹草+灰背老鹳草(A2) Carex appendiculata + Geranium vlassowianum(A2) |
灰脉薹草+针蔺 (B1) Carex appendiculata + Eleocharis valleculosa(B1) | 羊草+黄花草木犀 (B2) Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis (B2) | |
过渡带 Transition zone | 灰脉薹草+狭叶甜茅 (C1) Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa(C1) | 狭叶甜茅+小糠草 (C2) Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean(C2) |
高河漫滩湿地 High floodplain wetland | 羊草+黄囊薹草 (D1) Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii (D1) | 羊草+裂叶蒿 (D2) Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia (D2) |
Fig. 2 Changes of aboveground biomass between fenced conservation wetland and grazed degradation wetland in study site (mean ± SD). A, horizontal zone of A1 and A2 associa- tion; B, horizontal orizontal zone of B1 and B2 association; C, horizontal zone of C1 and C2 association; D, horizontal zone of D1 and D2 association. A1, Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata association; B1, Carex appendiculata + Ele- ocharis valleculosa association; C1, Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa association; D1, Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii association; A2, Carex appendiculata + Gera- nium vlassowianum association; B2, Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis association; C2, Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean association; D2, Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia association.
类别 Sort | 小糠草 Agrostis gigantea | 散穗早熟禾 Poa subfastigiata | 狭叶甜茅 Glyceria spiculosa | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | 围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | 围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | |||
植株高度 Plant height | 82.21 ± 11.72 | 52.17 ± 5.66 | 56.95 ± 15.44 | 27.16 ± 7.77 | 49.48 ± 12.57 | 24.58 ± 6.81 | ||
第一节间 1st internode | 4.12 ± 2.46 | 3.05 ± 1.51 | 6.75 ± 5.64 | 2.52 ± 1.86 | 2.75 ± 1.42 | 2.69 ± 1.76 | ||
第二节间 2nd internode | 8.56 ± 3.86 | 4.94 ± 2.18 | 6.32 ± 3.47 | 2.49 ± 1.50 | 4.69 ± 2.94 | 2.6 ± 1.53 | ||
第三节间 3rd internode | 12.21 ± 4.99 | 7.73 ± 3.60 | 5.58 ± 3.41 | 2.40 ± 1.63 | 8.01 ± 3.08 | 2.81 ± 2.05 | ||
第四节间 4th internode | 14.99 ± 4.70 | 10.92 ± 3.95 | 5.40 ± 3.66 | 1.69 ± 1.30 | - | - | ||
叶宽 Leaf blade width | 0.43 ± 0.13 | 0.26 ± 0.08 | 0.46 ± 0.12 | 0.43 ± 0.14 | 0.24 ± 0.15 | 0.21 ± 0.11 | ||
第一叶长 1st leaf length | 6.22 ± 2.14 | 5.58 ± 2.25 | 13.14 ± 6.47 | 9.46 ± 4.84 | 5.41 ± 2.70 | 5.09 ± 3.15 | ||
第二叶长 2nd leaf length | 8.10 ± 2.51 | 6.59 ± 2.26 | 20.93 ± 11.04 | 13.56 ± 6.19 | 8.73 ± 3.00 | 7.83 ± 4.07 | ||
第三叶长 3rd leaf length | 9.37 ± 2.91 | 7.04 ± 1.90 | 32.34 ± 15.27 | 17.97 ± 8.48 | 13.05 ± 4.37 | 9.87 ± 6.04 | ||
第四叶长 4th leaf length | 10.07 ± 3.62 | 7.30 ± 2.02 | 37.00 ± 15.86 | 20.69 ± 8.21 | 19.17 ± 4.93 | 12.35 ± 5.95 | ||
第五叶长 5th leaf length | 9.54 ± 3.86 | 7.91 ± 1.96 | 35.67 ± 20.63 | 19.71 ± 9.14 | - | - |
Table 2 Difference of plant height, internode length and length and width of leaf blades in different communities (mean ± SD) (unit: cm)
类别 Sort | 小糠草 Agrostis gigantea | 散穗早熟禾 Poa subfastigiata | 狭叶甜茅 Glyceria spiculosa | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | 围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | 围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | |||
植株高度 Plant height | 82.21 ± 11.72 | 52.17 ± 5.66 | 56.95 ± 15.44 | 27.16 ± 7.77 | 49.48 ± 12.57 | 24.58 ± 6.81 | ||
第一节间 1st internode | 4.12 ± 2.46 | 3.05 ± 1.51 | 6.75 ± 5.64 | 2.52 ± 1.86 | 2.75 ± 1.42 | 2.69 ± 1.76 | ||
第二节间 2nd internode | 8.56 ± 3.86 | 4.94 ± 2.18 | 6.32 ± 3.47 | 2.49 ± 1.50 | 4.69 ± 2.94 | 2.6 ± 1.53 | ||
第三节间 3rd internode | 12.21 ± 4.99 | 7.73 ± 3.60 | 5.58 ± 3.41 | 2.40 ± 1.63 | 8.01 ± 3.08 | 2.81 ± 2.05 | ||
第四节间 4th internode | 14.99 ± 4.70 | 10.92 ± 3.95 | 5.40 ± 3.66 | 1.69 ± 1.30 | - | - | ||
叶宽 Leaf blade width | 0.43 ± 0.13 | 0.26 ± 0.08 | 0.46 ± 0.12 | 0.43 ± 0.14 | 0.24 ± 0.15 | 0.21 ± 0.11 | ||
第一叶长 1st leaf length | 6.22 ± 2.14 | 5.58 ± 2.25 | 13.14 ± 6.47 | 9.46 ± 4.84 | 5.41 ± 2.70 | 5.09 ± 3.15 | ||
第二叶长 2nd leaf length | 8.10 ± 2.51 | 6.59 ± 2.26 | 20.93 ± 11.04 | 13.56 ± 6.19 | 8.73 ± 3.00 | 7.83 ± 4.07 | ||
第三叶长 3rd leaf length | 9.37 ± 2.91 | 7.04 ± 1.90 | 32.34 ± 15.27 | 17.97 ± 8.48 | 13.05 ± 4.37 | 9.87 ± 6.04 | ||
第四叶长 4th leaf length | 10.07 ± 3.62 | 7.30 ± 2.02 | 37.00 ± 15.86 | 20.69 ± 8.21 | 19.17 ± 4.93 | 12.35 ± 5.95 | ||
第五叶长 5th leaf length | 9.54 ± 3.86 | 7.91 ± 1.96 | 35.67 ± 20.63 | 19.71 ± 9.14 | - | - |
Fig. 3 Changes of biomass and distribution of root in study site (mean ± SD). A, horizontal zone of A1 and A2 association; B, horizontal orizontal zone of B1 and B2 association; C, horizontal zone of C1 and C2 association; D, horizontal zone of D1 and D2 association. A1, Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata association; B1, Carex appendiculata + Eleocharis valleculosa association; C1, Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa association; D1, Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii association; A2, Carex appendiculata + Geranium vlassowianum association; B2, Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis association; C2, Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean association; D2, Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia association.
Fig. 4 Soil moisture of wetland in study site. A, horizontal zone of A1 and A2 association; B, horizontal orizontal zone of B1 and B2 association; C, horizontal zone of C1 and C2 association; D, horizontal zone of D1 and D2 association. A1, Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata association; B1, Carex appendiculata + Eleocharis valleculosa association; C1, Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa association; D1, Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii association; A2, Carex appendiculata + Geranium vlassowianum association; B2, Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis association; C2, Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean association; D2, Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia association.
Fig. 5 Changes of soil bulk density of wetland in study site. A, horizontal zone of A1 and A2 association; B, horizontal orizontal zone of B1 and B2 association; C, horizontal zone of C1 and C2 association; D, horizontal zone of D1 and D2 association. A1, Glyceria spiculosa + Poa subfastigiata association; B1, Carex appendiculata + Eleocharis valleculosa association; C1, Carex appendiculata + Glyceria spiculosa association; D1, Leymus chinensis + Carex korshinskii association; A2, Carex appendiculata + Geranium vlassowianum association; B2, Leymus chinensis + Melilotus officinalis association; C2, Glyceria spiculosa + Agrostis gigantean association; D2, Leymus chinensis + Artemisia tanacetifolia association.
群落 Community | 土壤微生物生物量碳 Soil microbial biomass carbon | 土壤微生物生物量氮 Soil microbial biomass nitrogen | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | 围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | ||
A | 55.88 ± 31.33 | 133.49 ± 9.8 | 3.01 ± 0.37 | 9.27 ± 0.37 | |
B | 86.26 ± 20.26 | 122.10 ± 23.74 | 4.67 ± 0.26 | 21.81 ± 2.31 | |
C | 577.17 ± 28.35 | 398.02 ± 39.83 | 40.92 ± 0.99 | 33.98 ± 4.52 | |
D | 359.36 ± 14.03 | 289.90 ± 37.11 | 26.84 ± 3.40 | 20.07 ± 0.76 |
Table 3 Changes of content of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in study area (mean ± SD)
群落 Community | 土壤微生物生物量碳 Soil microbial biomass carbon | 土壤微生物生物量氮 Soil microbial biomass nitrogen | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | 围封保育 Fenced conservation | 放牧退化 Grazed degradation | ||
A | 55.88 ± 31.33 | 133.49 ± 9.8 | 3.01 ± 0.37 | 9.27 ± 0.37 | |
B | 86.26 ± 20.26 | 122.10 ± 23.74 | 4.67 ± 0.26 | 21.81 ± 2.31 | |
C | 577.17 ± 28.35 | 398.02 ± 39.83 | 40.92 ± 0.99 | 33.98 ± 4.52 | |
D | 359.36 ± 14.03 | 289.90 ± 37.11 | 26.84 ± 3.40 | 20.07 ± 0.76 |
[1] | An N (安娜), Gao NY (高乃云), Liu CE (刘长娥) (2008). Wetland degradation in China: cause, evaluation, and protection measures. Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志), 27,821-828. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[2] | Cao Y (曹昀), Wang GX (王国祥) (2007). Effects of soil water content on germination and seedlings growth of sweet flag. Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报), 27,1748-1755. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[3] | Chen M (陈敏), Wang J (王静), Bao Y (宝音) (1993). A report on vegetation features of degraded meadow in Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia. Chinese Bulletin of Botany(植物学通报), 10 (Suppl.1),26. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[4] |
Días-Raviña M, Acea MJ, Carballas T (1993). Microbial biomass and its contribution to nutrient concentrations in forest soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 25,25-31.
DOI URL |
[5] |
Drewry JJ, Lowe JAH, Paton RJ (1999). Effect of sheep stocking intensity on soil physical properties and dry matter production on a pallic soil in Southland. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 42,493-499.
DOI URL |
[6] | Hou FJ (侯扶江), Chang SH (常生华), Yu YW (于应文), Lin HL (林慧龙) (2004). A review on trampling by grazed livestock. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 24,784-789. |
[7] | Hou FJ (侯扶江), Nan ZB (南志标), Xiao JY (肖金玉), Chang SH (常生华) (2002). Characteristics of vegetation, soil, and their coupling of degraded grasslands. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 13,915-922. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[8] | Huang JG (黄金国) (2005). Present situation of wetland degeneration and protection countermeasure in Dongting Lake Area. Research of Soil and Water Conservation(水土保持研究), 12,261-263. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[9] | Li DR (李笃仁) (1989). Practical Handbook of Soil Fertilizer (实用土壤肥料手册). China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[10] | Lin HL (林慧龙), Hou FJ (侯扶江), Li F (李飞) (2008). Response of underground biomass to grazing trampling in steppe grassland of Huanxian County, Gansu Province, Northwestern China. Acta Agrestia Sinica (草地学报), 16,186-191. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[11] | Liu SR (刘书润) (1993). The feature of meadow communities in flood land of the middle reaches of the Xilin River. Chinese Bulletin of Botany(植物学通报), 10 (Suppl.1),25. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[12] | Liu ZL (刘钟龄), Wang W (王炜), Hao DY (郝敦元), Liang CZ (梁存柱) (2002). Probes on the degeneration and recovery succession mechanisms of Inner Mongolia steppe. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment (干旱区资源与环境), 16,84-91. (in Chinese with English abstract). |
[13] | Qi DC (戚登臣), Li GY (李广宇) (2007). Status, causes and protection countermeasures of wetland degradation in Maqu County in the upper Yellow River. Wetland Science (湿地科学), 5,341-347. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[14] | Wang QL (王启兰), Cao GM (曹广民), Wang CT (王长庭) (2007). Quantitative characters of soil microbes and microbial biomass under different vegetations in alpine meadow. Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志), 26,1002-1008. ( in Chinese with English abstract). |
[15] | Wang W (王炜), Liang CZ (梁存柱), Liu ZL (刘钟龄), Hao DY (郝敦元) (2000a). Analysis of the plant individual behaviour during the degradation and restoring succession in steppe community. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 24,268-274. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[16] | Wang W (王炜), Liang CZ (梁存柱), Liu ZL (刘钟龄), Hao DY (郝敦元) (2000b). Mechanism of degradation succession in Leymus chinensis + Stipa grandis steppe community. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 24,468-472. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[17] | Wang W (王炜), Liu ZL (刘钟龄), Hao DY (郝敦元), Liang CZ (梁存柱) (1996a). Research on the restoring succession of the degenerated grassland in Inner Mongolia I. Basic characteristics and driving force for restoration of the degenerated grassland. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 20,449-459. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[18] | Wang W (王炜), Liu ZL (刘钟龄), Hao DY (郝敦元), Liang CZ (梁存柱) (1996b). Research on the restoring succession of the degenerated grassland in Inner Mongolia II. Analysis of the restoring processes. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 20,460-471. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[19] | Wang XL (王宪礼), Li XZ (李秀珍) (1997). Advances in wetlands’ researches. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 16,58-62. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[20] | Wang Y, Liu RH, Gao HW, Bai J, Ling M (2010). Degenera- tion mechanism research of Suaeda heteroptera wetland of the Shuangtaizi Estuary National Nature Reserve in China. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2,1157-1162. |
[21] | Yang YX (杨永兴) (2002). New knowledge on the progress of international wetland science research and priority field and prospect of Chinese wetland science research. Advance in Earth Sciences(地球科学进展), 17,508-514. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[22] | Zhou DM, Gong HL, Wang YY, Khan S, Zhao KY (2009). Driving forces for the marsh wetland degradation in the Honghe National Nature Reserve in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Environmental Modeling and Assessment, 14,101-111. |
[23] | Zhou HK (周华坤), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Zhou L (周立), Liu W (刘伟), Li YN (李英年), Tang YH (唐艳鸿) (2005). A study on correlations between vegetation degradation and soil degradation in the ‘Alpine Meadow’ of the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau. Acta Prataculturae Sinica (草业学报), 14,31-40. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[1] | Dan LI, Saruul KANG, Meng-Ying ZHAO, Qing ZHANG, Hai-Juan REN, Jing REN, Jun-Mei ZHOU, Zhen WANG, Ren-Ji WU, Jian-Ming NIU. Relationships between soil nutrients and plant functional traits in different degradation stages of Leymus chinensis steppe in Nei Mongol, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2016, 40(10): 991-1002. |
[2] | LIU Wei, WANG Ji-Ming, WANG Zhi-Ping. Plant functional type effects on methane uptake by soils in typical grasslands of Inner Mongolia [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2011, 35(3): 275-283. |
[3] | JIANG Ye, BI Xiao-Li, HUANG Jian-Hui, BAI Yong-Fei. Patterns and drivers of vegetation degradation in Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(10): 1132-1141. |
[4] | CHEN Shi-Ping, BAI Yong-Fei, HAN Xing-Guo, AN Ji-Lin, GUO Fu-Cun. VARIATIONS IN FOLIAR CARBON ISOTOPE COMPOSITION AND ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES OF CAREX KORSHINSKYI ALONG A SOIL MOISTURE GRADIENT [J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2004, 28(4): 515-522. |
[5] | WANG Yan-Fen, MA Xiu-Zhi, JI Bao-Ming, DU Rui, CHEN Zuo-Zhong, WANG Geng-Chen, WANG Yue-Si, WAN Xiao-Wei. Diurnal and Seasonal Variation in Methane and Nitrous Oxide Fluxes in Meadow Steppe of Inner Mongolia [J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2003, 27(6): 792-797. |
[6] | WANG Yan-Fen, CHEN Zuo-Zhong, HUANG De-Hua, HAN Jian-Mei. Temporal Variation in Dust Deposition in the Xilin River Basin [J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2000, 24(4): 459-462. |
[7] | Liu Xianhua, LI Linghao, Chen Zuozhong. Characteristics of Vegetation Diversity in The Xinlin River Basin and Their Responses to Climatic Factors [J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 1998, 22(5): 466-472. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||
Copyright © 2022 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
Tel: 010-62836134, 62836138, E-mail: apes@ibcas.ac.cn, cjpe@ibcas.ac.cn