Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2013, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 373-383.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00039
YU Min1,ZHOU Zhi-Yong1,KANG Feng-Feng1,OUYANG Shuai1,MI Xiang-Cheng2,SUN Jian-Xin1,*()
Published:
2013-05-16
Contact:
SUN Jian-Xin
YU Min,ZHOU Zhi-Yong,KANG Feng-Feng,OUYANG Shuai,MI Xiang-Cheng,SUN Jian-Xin. Gradient analysis and environmental interpretation of understory herb-layer communities in Xiaoshegou of Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2013, 37(5): 373-383.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00039
Fig. 1 Two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) classification results of 26 plots in Xiaoshegou catchement of Linkong Mountain, Shanxi. Numbers on the vertical line on the left designates classification level. N represents the total number of plots. Numbers in the rectangles at the bottom of the figure designate the identification code for each of the 26 plots. Species above horizontal lines are indicator species; there are a negative group and a positive group at each level of classification. adgm, Adenophora gmelinii; adre, Adenophora remotiflora; aram, Arisaema amurense; atla, Atractylodes lancea; capu, Campanula punctate; dini, Dioscorea nipponica; epbr, Epimedium brevicornu; irru, Iris ruthenica var. nana; mero, Melampyrum roseum; posi, Polygonatum sibiricum; ruco, Rubia cordifolia; thmi, Thalictrum minus var. hypoleucum; thpe, Thalictrum petaloideum.
变量 Variable | 与典范对应分析的相关性 Correlations with CCA ordination axes | 蒙特卡罗置换检验 Monte Carlo permutation test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1轴 Axis 1 | 第2轴 Axis 2 | 第3轴 Axis 3 | F值 F-value | p值 p-value | ||
生境因子 Habitat factors | ||||||
土壤综合变量 Composite soil variable | 0.882 5*** | 0.323 3 | -0.297 4 | 1.95 | 0.014* | |
坡位 Slope position | 0.208 3 | -0.664 1*** | -0.363 4 | 1.66 | 0.028* | |
坡度 Slope | -0.288 3 | 0.700 2*** | -0.489 8* | 1.59 | 0.058 | |
坡向 Slope aspect | 0.356 3 | 0.126 4 | -0.610 6*** | 1.21 | 0.236 | |
生物因子 Biotic factors | ||||||
林分类型 Stand type | -0.629 0*** | -0.058 5 | 0.382 0 | 1.76 | 0.006* | |
林冠孔隙度 Canopy gap fraction | -0.259 7 | 0.460 3* | 0.218 2 | 1.01 | 0.426 | |
特征值 Eigenvalue | 0.212 | 0.136 | 0.095 | |||
对物种数据解释百分比 Percentage explainable of species data | 11.3 | 18.6 | 23.7 | |||
物种环境关系的累积贡献率 Cumulative proportion of species-environment relationships | 33.7 | 55.3 | 70.4 |
Table 1 Results by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) ordination with the first three axes and Monte Carlo permutation test in herb-layer
变量 Variable | 与典范对应分析的相关性 Correlations with CCA ordination axes | 蒙特卡罗置换检验 Monte Carlo permutation test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1轴 Axis 1 | 第2轴 Axis 2 | 第3轴 Axis 3 | F值 F-value | p值 p-value | ||
生境因子 Habitat factors | ||||||
土壤综合变量 Composite soil variable | 0.882 5*** | 0.323 3 | -0.297 4 | 1.95 | 0.014* | |
坡位 Slope position | 0.208 3 | -0.664 1*** | -0.363 4 | 1.66 | 0.028* | |
坡度 Slope | -0.288 3 | 0.700 2*** | -0.489 8* | 1.59 | 0.058 | |
坡向 Slope aspect | 0.356 3 | 0.126 4 | -0.610 6*** | 1.21 | 0.236 | |
生物因子 Biotic factors | ||||||
林分类型 Stand type | -0.629 0*** | -0.058 5 | 0.382 0 | 1.76 | 0.006* | |
林冠孔隙度 Canopy gap fraction | -0.259 7 | 0.460 3* | 0.218 2 | 1.01 | 0.426 | |
特征值 Eigenvalue | 0.212 | 0.136 | 0.095 | |||
对物种数据解释百分比 Percentage explainable of species data | 11.3 | 18.6 | 23.7 | |||
物种环境关系的累积贡献率 Cumulative proportion of species-environment relationships | 33.7 | 55.3 | 70.4 |
Fig. 2 Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) ordination diagram of 26 plots and environmental factors. SOIL is a combined variable exacted from soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus by principle component analysis. The numerical numbers are the identification code for each of plots, and arrow lines represent environmental variables. Arrows indicate the direction of steepest increase of the corresponded environmental variable. The lengths of the line indicate the correlation between environmental variables and species distribution; longer the arrow line, closer the relationship, and greater the proportion it explains the species distribution of the herb-layer. The correlation of environmental factors was explained by the angle between the two corresponding arrows; smaller angle means tight relationship. An acute angle means positive relationship; whereas an obtuse angle means negative relationship. A right angle indicates a lack of close relationship. The angle between arrow line and ordination axis reflects the relationship between environmental variable and the axis; smaller the angle closer the relationship. The distance between plots indicates the similarity in species composition between the two plots; shorter the distance, more similar the species composition between them.
Fig. 3 Variance partitioning of habitat and biotic factors in explaining herb species distribution. a, part explained by habitat factors alone; b, variation explainable by biotic factors alone; c, variation explainable by an interactive effect of habitat and biotic factors; d, variations that are not explainable by habitat and biotic factors and shown as residuals.
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