Carbon storage and its distribution of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province, China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0193

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims
The concentration of CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has considerably increased over last century and is set to rise further. Forest ecosystems play a key role in reducing CO₂concentration in the atmosphere and mitigating global climate change. Our objective is to understand carbon storage and its distribution in forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province, China.
Methods
By using the 8th forest resource inventory data and 2011-2012 field investigation data, we estimated carbon storage, density and its distribution in forest ecosystems of Zhejiang Province.
Important findings
The carbon storage of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province was 602.73 Tg, of which 122.88 Tg in tree layer, 16.73 Tg in shrub-herb layer, 11.36 Tg in litter layer and 451.76 Tg in soil layer accounting for 20.39%, 2.78%, 1.88% and 74.95% of the total carbon storage, respectively. The carbon storage of mixed broadleaved forests was 138.03 Tg which ranked the largest (22.90%) among all forest types. The young and middle aged forests which accounted for 70.66% of the total carbon storage were the main body of carbon storage in Zhejiang Province. The carbon density of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province was 120.80 t·hm^-2 and that in tree layer, shrub-herb layer, litter layer and soil layer were 24.65 t·hm^-2, 3.36 t·hm^-2, 2.28 t·hm^-2 and 90.51 t·hm^-2, respectively. The significant relationship between soil organic carbon storage and forest ecosystem carbon storage indicated that soil carbon played an important role in shaping forest ecosystem carbon density. Carbon density of tree layer increased with age in natural forests, but decreased in the order over-mature > near-mature > mature > middle-aged > young forest in plantations. The proportions of young and middle aged forests were larger than any other age classes. Thereby, the carbon storage of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province could be increased through a proper forest management.

Key words: forest ecosystem, carbon storage, carbon density, spatial distribution, Zhejiang Province

Yin LI, Guo-Ke CHEN, Dun-Mei LIN, Bin CHEN, Lei-Ming GAO, Xing JIAN, Bo YANG, Wu-Bing XU, Hong-Xin SU, Jiang-Shan LAI, Xi-Hua WANG, Hai-Bo YANG, Ke-Ping MA. Carbon storage and its distribution of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2016, 40(4): 354-363.

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Figures/Tables 8

References 36

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森林类型 Forest type	a	b	n	R²	参考文献 Reference
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	0.503 4	20.547	52	0.87	Fang et al., 2007
其他松类林 Other pines and conifer forests	0.516 8	33.238	19	0.86	Fang et al., 2007
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	0.465 2	19.141	90	0.94	Fang et al., 2007
柳杉林、水杉林 Cryptomeria fortunei, Metasequoia glyptostroboides forests	0.415 8	41.331 8	30	0.79	Fang et al., 2001
柏木林 Cupressus funebris forest	0.612 9	46.145 1	19	0.87	Fang et al., 2001
栎类林 Quercus spp. forest	1.145 3	8.547 3	12	0.98	Fang et al., 2001
木荷林、樟林 Schima superba, Cinnamomum camphora forests	1.035 7	8.059 1	17	0.89	Fang et al., 2001
硬阔林 Hardwood forest	1.178 3	2.558 5	17	0.95	Fang et al., 2007
软阔林 Softwood forest	0.475 4	30.603	16	0.92	Liu et al., 2000
针叶混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	0.589 4	24.515 1			Zeng, 2005
阔叶混交林 Mixed broadleaved forest	0.978 8	5.376 4	35	0.93	Fang et al., 2007
针阔叶混交林 Mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest	0.813 6	18.466	10	0.99	Fang et al., 2001

森林类型 Forest type	a	b	n	R²	参考文献 Reference
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	0.503 4	20.547	52	0.87	Fang et al., 2007
其他松类林 Other pines and conifer forests	0.516 8	33.238	19	0.86	Fang et al., 2007
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	0.465 2	19.141	90	0.94	Fang et al., 2007
柳杉林、水杉林 Cryptomeria fortunei, Metasequoia glyptostroboides forests	0.415 8	41.331 8	30	0.79	Fang et al., 2001
柏木林 Cupressus funebris forest	0.612 9	46.145 1	19	0.87	Fang et al., 2001
栎类林 Quercus spp. forest	1.145 3	8.547 3	12	0.98	Fang et al., 2001
木荷林、樟林 Schima superba, Cinnamomum camphora forests	1.035 7	8.059 1	17	0.89	Fang et al., 2001
硬阔林 Hardwood forest	1.178 3	2.558 5	17	0.95	Fang et al., 2007
软阔林 Softwood forest	0.475 4	30.603	16	0.92	Liu et al., 2000
针叶混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	0.589 4	24.515 1			Zeng, 2005
阔叶混交林 Mixed broadleaved forest	0.978 8	5.376 4	35	0.93	Fang et al., 2007
针阔叶混交林 Mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest	0.813 6	18.466	10	0.99	Fang et al., 2001

森林类型 Forest type	土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)
森林类型 Forest type	0-10 cm	10-20 cm	20-30 cm	30-50 cm	50-100 cm
樟林 Cinnamomum camphora forest	28.83 ± 1.09	11.41 ± 0.87	9.47 ± 2.35	6.50 ± 1.30	4.37 ± 0.26
柳杉林 Cryptomeria fortunei forest	31.13 ± 3.21	21.77 ± 1.89	17.31 ± 2.41	9.91 ± 1.48	8.32 ± 0.17
软阔林 Softwood forest	18.28 ± 9.74	14.26 ± 8.71	14.10 ± 8.11	12.11 ± 6.32	13.30 ± 2.74
柏木林 Cupressus funebris forest	35.21 ± 10.67	19.76 ± 7.57	11.09 ± 3.57	7.23 ± 2.27	7.72 ± 4.50
硬阔林 Hardwood forest	23.72 ± 5.73	11.55 ± 4.58	7.57 ± 2.60	5.82 ± 1.93	4.33 ± 1.67
木荷林 Schima superba forest	16.74 ± 2.37	10.72 ± 2.61	8.83 ± 1.23	5.45 ± 0.56	4.15 ± 0.43
其他松类林 Other pines and conifer forests	20.97 ± 8.21	14.20 ± 5.49	8.97 ± 5.09	6.26 ± 0.68	5.93 ± 0.80
栎类林 Quercus spp. forest	20.29 ± 3.32	10.08 ± 2.05	6.04 ± 1.71	5.36 ± 0.41	4.35 ± 0.37
针叶混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	19.82 ± 9.37	10.05 ± 3.91	7.74 ± 3.09	5.63 ± 1.96	5.29 ± 2.97
针阔叶混交林 Mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest	16.22 ± 9.53	8.84 ± 6.06	6.42 ± 4.57	5.16 ± 3.59	4.26 ± 2.51
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	21.34 ± 5.97	13.01 ± 3.83	9.27 ± 2.64	7.64 ± 2.73	6.19 ± 2.62
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	14.11 ± 2.92	9.17 ± 1.73	8.07 ± 4.89	4.78 ± 1.86	4.02 ± 1.21
竹林 Bamboo forest	28.76 ± 10.83	14.42 ± 5.77	9.97 ± 3.71	7.31 ± 2.99	5.60 ± 2.40

森林类型 Forest type	土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)
森林类型 Forest type	0-10 cm	10-20 cm	20-30 cm	30-50 cm	50-100 cm
樟林 Cinnamomum camphora forest	28.83 ± 1.09	11.41 ± 0.87	9.47 ± 2.35	6.50 ± 1.30	4.37 ± 0.26
柳杉林 Cryptomeria fortunei forest	31.13 ± 3.21	21.77 ± 1.89	17.31 ± 2.41	9.91 ± 1.48	8.32 ± 0.17
软阔林 Softwood forest	18.28 ± 9.74	14.26 ± 8.71	14.10 ± 8.11	12.11 ± 6.32	13.30 ± 2.74
柏木林 Cupressus funebris forest	35.21 ± 10.67	19.76 ± 7.57	11.09 ± 3.57	7.23 ± 2.27	7.72 ± 4.50
硬阔林 Hardwood forest	23.72 ± 5.73	11.55 ± 4.58	7.57 ± 2.60	5.82 ± 1.93	4.33 ± 1.67
木荷林 Schima superba forest	16.74 ± 2.37	10.72 ± 2.61	8.83 ± 1.23	5.45 ± 0.56	4.15 ± 0.43
其他松类林 Other pines and conifer forests	20.97 ± 8.21	14.20 ± 5.49	8.97 ± 5.09	6.26 ± 0.68	5.93 ± 0.80
栎类林 Quercus spp. forest	20.29 ± 3.32	10.08 ± 2.05	6.04 ± 1.71	5.36 ± 0.41	4.35 ± 0.37
针叶混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	19.82 ± 9.37	10.05 ± 3.91	7.74 ± 3.09	5.63 ± 1.96	5.29 ± 2.97
针阔叶混交林 Mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest	16.22 ± 9.53	8.84 ± 6.06	6.42 ± 4.57	5.16 ± 3.59	4.26 ± 2.51
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	21.34 ± 5.97	13.01 ± 3.83	9.27 ± 2.64	7.64 ± 2.73	6.19 ± 2.62
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	14.11 ± 2.92	9.17 ± 1.73	8.07 ± 4.89	4.78 ± 1.86	4.02 ± 1.21
竹林 Bamboo forest	28.76 ± 10.83	14.42 ± 5.77	9.97 ± 3.71	7.31 ± 2.99	5.60 ± 2.40

森林类型 Forest type	面积 Area (100 hm²)	碳密度 Carbon density (t·hm^-2)					生态系统碳储量 Forest ecosystem carbon storage (Tg)	样本数 Sample number
森林类型 Forest type	面积 Area (100 hm²)	乔木层 Tree layer	灌草层 Shrub-herb layer	凋落物层 Litter layer	土壤层 Soil layer	森林生态系统 Forest ecosystem	生态系统碳储量 Forest ecosystem carbon storage (Tg)	样本数 Sample number
樟林 Cinnamomum camphora forest	24	17.57	3.07 ± 1.94	3.47 ± 0.84	86.37 ± 3.01	110.48	0.27	3
柳杉林 Cryptomeria fortunei forest	167	46.04	0.86 ± 0.07	1.42 ± 0.58	155.83 ± 6.53	204.15	3.41	6
软阔林 Softwood forest	216	19.15	1.70 ± 0.37	0.95 ± 0.41	147.61 ± 18.21	169.42	3.66	6
柏木林 Cupressus funebris forest	240	47.95	4.06 ± 1.03	2.48 ± 0.96	98.30 ± 16.24	152.79	3.67	5
硬阔林 Hardwood forest	671	23.08	1.84 ± 0.88	2.13 ± 0.69	115.92 ± 26.93	142.97	9.59	18
木荷林 Schima superba forest	744	30.91	3.41 ± 1.35	2.66 ± 1.06	81.09 ± 27.44	118.07	8.78	16
其他松类林 Other pines and conifer forests	1 366	29.42	5.14 ± 1.63	2.63 ± 1.82	71.66 ± 7.63	108.84	14.87	3
栎类林 Quercus spp. forest	2 030	23.38	2.55 ± 1.64	2.08 ± 0.55	109.19 ± 6.94	137.20	27.85	8
针叶混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	3 520	29.42	6.82 ± 1.35	3.67 ± 2.01	84.64 ± 7.62	124.55	43.84	8
针阔叶混交林 Mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest	5 676	28.15	3.89 ± 1.54	2.77 ± 1.25	90.81 ± 31.41	125.62	71.30	60
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	8 116	21.61	5.38 ± 1.78	2.00 ± 1.20	80.40 ± 44.30	109.39	88.78	34
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	8 209	21.72	2.11 ± 0.83	2.68 ± 1.09	98.96 ± 27.14	125.47	103.00	24
竹林 Bamboo forest	8 834	23.78	0.94 ± 0.08	0.63 ± 0.19	71.63 ± 18.17	96.98	85.67	12
阔叶混交林 Mixed broadleaved forest	10 028	25.10	3.43 ± 0.89	2.88 ± 1.86	106.24 ± 27.30	137.65	138.03	42
加权平均值 Weighted average (t·hm^-2)		24.65	3.36	2.28	90.51	120.80
合计 Total (Tg)	49 841	122.88	16.73	11.36	451.76		602.73
各层碳储量占总碳储量的比例 The corresponding proportions of carbon storage in different layers (%)		20.39	2.78	1.88	74.95		100.00