Rhizosphere effects of overstory tree and understory shrub species in central subtropical plantations—A case study at Qianyanzhou, Taihe, Jiangxi, China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2017.0294

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The objective was to explore the differences in rhizosphere effect among different plants in plantation and provide important theoretical basis for understory vegetation management in plantation ecosystem.

Methods We collected bulk and rhizosphere soils of overstory trees and understory shrubs (Loropetalum chinense, Adinandra millettiiand Eurya muricata) in Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana and Pinus elliottiiplantations which were planted in about 1985, at Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Taihe, Jiangxi, to investigate soil pH value, soil nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content and to access their rhizosphere effects.+++Important findings (1) Most of the chemical properties of rhizosphere soil and bulk soil were significantly different for overstory tree species (p< 0.05), while the differences between bulk soil and rhizosphere soil of understory shrubs were related to understory shrub species. For example, most of the properties were significantly different between bulk and rhizosphere soils for L. chinense, but not for E. muricata. (2) Rhizosphere effects among shrub species were significantly different except for those of nitrate nitrogen (NO₃ ^--N).Specifically,the rhizosphere effects of pH, ammonium nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺-N), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), available phosphorus (AP) and total phosphorus (TP) of L. chinense were significantly higher than those of E. muricata.And the rhizosphere effects of TN, TC, C/N and AP of L. chinense were significantly higher than those of A. millettii. No significant differences were found between the rhizosphere effects of A. millettii and those of E. muricata. (3) The rhizosphere effects of C. lanceolata were significantly higher than those of the three understory shrubs. But no significant difference was found between P. massoniana or P. elliottii and L. chinense. While the rhizosphere effects of P. massoniana were significantly higher than those of A. millettii and E. Muricata, and the rhizosphere effects of P. elliottii were significantly higher than those of E. muricata. The results showed that the rhizosphere effects of overstory tree species were higher than those of understory shrubs (especially for E. muricata), indicating overstory tree species have stronger ability to obtain nutrients. But the differences in rhizoshpere effects between overstory trees and understory shrubs varied between shrub species and forest types. Therefore, this study suggested that understory shrub species should be considered according to forest stand type in plantation management in order to provide higher productive and ecological value.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201807003

Key words: understory shrubs, nutrient activation, understory management, rhizosphere effect, red soil hilly area

MO Xue-Li, DAI Xiao-Qin, WANG Hui-Min, FU Xiao-Li, KOU Liang. Rhizosphere effects of overstory tree and understory shrub species in central subtropical plantations—A case study at Qianyanzhou, Taihe, Jiangxi, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2018, 42(7): 723-733.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0294

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2018/V42/I7/723

Figures/Tables 7

References 43

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林分类型 Forest stand type	胸径 Diameter at breast height (cm)	树高 Tree height (m)	林分密度 Stand density (trees·hm^-2)	郁闭度 Canopy closure	凋落物干质量 Dry mass of litter (kg·hm^-2)	群落多样性指数 Diversity indices of communities
						灌木 Shrub		草本 Herb
						Shannon- Wiener (H)	Pielous (J)	Shannon- Wiener (H)	Pielous (J)
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	20.5 ± 2.1^ab	17.2 ± 3.0^a	2 440 ± 357^a	0.77 ± 0.04^a	5 787 ± 351^a	1.66 ± 0.24^a	0.90 ± 0.05^a	1.05 ± 0.19^a	0.89 ± 0.04^a
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	19. 6 ± 1.4^a	20.2 ± 0.6^a	1 960 ± 211^a	0.79 ± 0.05^a	4 892 ± 719^a	0.86 ± 0.07^b	0.88 ± 0.06^a	0.64 ± 0.19^a	0.74 ± 0.10^a
湿地松林 Pinus elliottii forest	24.6 ± 1.2^b	22.0 ± 0.8^a	2 060 ± 309^a	0.75 ± 0.06^a	7 070 ± 870^b	1.51 ± 0.20^a	0.86 ± 0.06^a	0.86 ± 0.24^a	0.92 ± 0.06^a

林分类型 Forest stand type	胸径 Diameter at breast height (cm)	树高 Tree height (m)	林分密度 Stand density (trees·hm^-2)	郁闭度 Canopy closure	凋落物干质量 Dry mass of litter (kg·hm^-2)	群落多样性指数 Diversity indices of communities
						灌木 Shrub		草本 Herb
						Shannon- Wiener (H)	Pielous (J)	Shannon- Wiener (H)	Pielous (J)
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	20.5 ± 2.1^ab	17.2 ± 3.0^a	2 440 ± 357^a	0.77 ± 0.04^a	5 787 ± 351^a	1.66 ± 0.24^a	0.90 ± 0.05^a	1.05 ± 0.19^a	0.89 ± 0.04^a
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	19. 6 ± 1.4^a	20.2 ± 0.6^a	1 960 ± 211^a	0.79 ± 0.05^a	4 892 ± 719^a	0.86 ± 0.07^b	0.88 ± 0.06^a	0.64 ± 0.19^a	0.74 ± 0.10^a
湿地松林 Pinus elliottii forest	24.6 ± 1.2^b	22.0 ± 0.8^a	2 060 ± 309^a	0.75 ± 0.06^a	7 070 ± 870^b	1.51 ± 0.20^a	0.86 ± 0.06^a	0.86 ± 0.24^a	0.92 ± 0.06^a

林分类型 Forest stand type	灌木树种 Shrub species	基径 Basal diameter (mm)	高度 Height (cm)	冠幅 Crown width (cm)	密度 Density (shrubs·hm^-2)	重要值 Important value (%)
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	檵木 Loropetalum chinense	15.8 ± 1.8	183 ± 25	124 ± 17	700 ± 146	22.22
	杨桐 Adinandra millettii	14.4 ± 1.7	178 ± 25	89 ± 11	2 320 ± 320	37.87
	格药柃 Eurya muricata	16.3 ± 1.3	200 ± 12	102 ± 10	1 354 ± 277	29.67
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	檵木 L. chinense	30.2 ± 4.3	413 ± 41	186 ± 22	2 655 ± 988	33.67
	杨桐 A. millettii	36.0 ± 7.2	376 ± 64	173 ± 34	2 585 ± 520	14.67
	格药柃 E. muricata	23.8 ± 3.6	302 ± 50	118 ± 16	2 240 ± 470	8.00
湿地松林 Pinus elliottii forest	檵木 L. chinense	16.3 ± 2.7	244 ± 34	134 ± 18	3 960 ± 905	36.00
	杨桐 A. millettii	16.4 ± 1.8	206 ± 21	111 ± 13	1 640 ± 324	25.34
	格药柃 E. muricata	11.0 ± 2.9	112 ± 25	73 ± 14	850 ± 159	21.33

林分类型 Forest stand type	灌木树种 Shrub species	基径 Basal diameter (mm)	高度 Height (cm)	冠幅 Crown width (cm)	密度 Density (shrubs·hm^-2)	重要值 Important value (%)
杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata forest	檵木 Loropetalum chinense	15.8 ± 1.8	183 ± 25	124 ± 17	700 ± 146	22.22
	杨桐 Adinandra millettii	14.4 ± 1.7	178 ± 25	89 ± 11	2 320 ± 320	37.87
	格药柃 Eurya muricata	16.3 ± 1.3	200 ± 12	102 ± 10	1 354 ± 277	29.67
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	檵木 L. chinense	30.2 ± 4.3	413 ± 41	186 ± 22	2 655 ± 988	33.67
	杨桐 A. millettii	36.0 ± 7.2	376 ± 64	173 ± 34	2 585 ± 520	14.67
	格药柃 E. muricata	23.8 ± 3.6	302 ± 50	118 ± 16	2 240 ± 470	8.00
湿地松林 Pinus elliottii forest	檵木 L. chinense	16.3 ± 2.7	244 ± 34	134 ± 18	3 960 ± 905	36.00
	杨桐 A. millettii	16.4 ± 1.8	206 ± 21	111 ± 13	1 640 ± 324	25.34
	格药柃 E. muricata	11.0 ± 2.9	112 ± 25	73 ± 14	850 ± 159	21.33

乔木树种 Tree species	pH	可溶性有机碳 DOC	硝态氮 NO₃^--N	铵态氮 NH₄⁺-N	有效磷 AP	全碳 TC	全氮 TN	全磷 TP	碳氮比 C/N
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	0.87 ± 0.01	3.6 ± 0.72	4.7 ± 1.97	1.4 ± 0.14	4.4 ± 0.85	6.2 ± 1.12	3.6 ± 0.69	1.7 ± 0.18	1.8 ± 0.08
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	0.86 ± 0.04	5.5 ± 1.11	4.0 ± 1.82	1.6 ± 0.11	4.8 ± 1.33	7.5 ± 1.94	4.5 ± 0.98	1.6 ± 0.19	1.7 ± 0.12
湿地松 Pinus elliottii	0.83 ± 0.01	4.5 ± 0.87	2.8 ± 1.58	1.8 ± 0.33	7.4 ± 2.39	9.1 ± 2.30	5.1 ± 1.51	1.6 ± 0.25	1.9 ± 0.07
F	0.620	1.010	0.290	0.731	1.741	0.799	0.285	0.023	1.432
p	0.556	0.396	0.754	0.528	0.246	0.493	0.762	0.978	0.284