Abstract: This paper explicates the vegetation characteristics and is representation with data of the soil analysis, destruction of the vegetation cover, which not only influences mechanical corrosion of the soil, but also influences diminution of the value of the important soil essence(orgonic matter,nitrogen, phosphorus, water, etc.) in the loess plateau of northern ShanXi province, it is more unhealthy the limit of diminution is in between 2—7 times under normal conditions; besides this restoration of the vegetation cover not only helps to conserve water and prevent soil erosion, but also essence of the soil essence is developed in good direction, fertility of soil is improved, it is more important. Vegetation cover ererts a physical influence and chemical action on the soil, both are an united process.