Abstract: While sexual reproduction is the major reproductive process in Tetraena mongolica Maxim vegetative propagation is also important. The following are the characteristics of sexual reproduction: 1) a mixed breeding system with self- (15%) and cross-breeding (50%); 2) a pattern of fruit and seed yield in which plants produce many more flowers than fruits; the flowering rate contacts with environment, amount of rainfall, age of plant, which is different in different populations; age structure has a significant effect on the flowering rate of populations; in high rainfall years, both flowering rates (40%-80%), and flowers per plant are high; population seeding rates were low in all of the three years studied (from 19.8% in 1996 to 12.2% in 1998); because of the large amount of flowers produced, the yield of populations is not greatly affected by this low seeding ratio; 3) the embryo abortion rate is very high, with only 10%-20% of embryos maturing.