Abstract: The relationship between vegetation degeneration and soil salinization in an Aneurolepidium chinense grassland of Song-Nen Plain is discussed in this paper. Importance Value (Ⅳ). Relative Coverage (C′) and Relative Above-ground Biomass (W′) are used as indicators of vegetation degeneration. Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) are used as indices of soil salinization. The relationships among Ⅳ, C′, EC and ESP can be best described by Ⅳ=60.1 × 0.69EC, Ⅳ =64.03 ×0.97ESP, C′ =95.48 ×0.95ESP, and C′=96.2×0.56EC, respectively. This suggests that Ⅳ and C′are negatively correlated with EC and ESP of the soil. It is shown that W′is positively correlated with both soil organic matter (OM) and hydrolysable nitrogen (N) contents (rOM=0.6486** and rN=0.8809**). Both EC and ESP can be described as a function of OM. The regression equations are EC = 8.84 × 0.85OM and ESP= 38.93 ×0.96OM, respectively. The results indicate that the saline soils of Song-Nen Plain can be effectively ameliorated by increasing soil organic matter and nitrogen inputs.