Abstract: The seeds of 24 weeds species were buried in the two kinds of soil: the soil in paddy field and that in wheat field. The cropping systems in the paddy and upland fields were the rice-wheat and cotton-wheat patterns,respectivety. The weed seeds were examined their viability and germinability after burying for 1,2,3,4.and 7 years in these different fields. After burying for 4 years, the germination rate of the seeds of Banyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli) buried in the paddy field was in the range from 34.2% to 52.5%; but after 7 years, no survival seeds were round, only 8.7% of the seeds buried in the wheat field could germinate after 2 years,but after 3 years all of them were dead.For Alopecurus aequalis, Sclerochloa kengiana, Polypogon fugax ete. the germinability of the seeds of these weeds from the paddy field were 39.3%,62.7% and 33.3% after 2 years, respectively;all of these seeds from the wheat field were dead over 2 years after burying.After 2 years, the germinability of the seeds from the wheat field was 57.0%,for Galium aparine and 80% for Veronica persica; but the mortalities of the two seeds of the two weeds from the paddy field were 98.7%, and 100% respectively.The germinabilities of Portulaca oleracea seeds from the wheat and paddy fields were 33.3% and 23.0% after 7 years,respectively.