Abstract: A thorough discussion and analysis on the history as well as the current states of the environment and vegetation in Maowusu Sandy grassland is presented. Using a combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods, the author proposed the general principles and models for the grassland development there based on the ecological background information. Particularly this includes: the water balance principle, sustained development principle for semi-fixed sand dunes, net-belt planting principle; grass and agroforestry model for low land, semi-artificial cultural model for soft hills and natural grazing model for hard hills.