关键词: 双向电泳, 质谱, 蛋白质组, 植物蛋白质组学

Abstract:

Proteomics is one of the most active research fields in the post-genomic era. The concepts, research methods and major applications of proteomics in plant science are briefly introduced in this paper. The term “proteomics" comes from two words, “protein" and “genome" and refers to the proteins expressed by the whole genome or the presence and action modes of all the proteins in a cell, tissue, organ, and whole organism. It is generally acknowledged that the field of plant proteomics was based much on the development and improvement of techniques and methods, such as two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-E), mass spectrometry (MS), protein chips, yeast two-hybrid system, and proteomic databases. In population genetics, proteomic techniques are helpful in studies of genetic diversity and mutation. In individual plants, proteomic studies are helpful in understanding the response of plants to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Proteomic differences among different plant tissues or organs could be used to better understand tissue differentiation and development of the plant embryo. Proteomic differences also exist between organelles in plant cells, and plant proteomic studies could be used to understand mechanisms that control many physiological processes. Different perspectives of proteomics were also discussed in this paper.

Key words: Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-E), Mass spectrometry (MS), Proteome, Plant proteomics1