铅胁迫对欧美杂交杨幼苗碳、氮和磷积累与分配的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00578

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入了解欧美杂交杨(Populus deltoids × Populus nigra)在不同铅(Pb)胁迫条件下的生长适应特性, 采用盆栽控制试验, 研究了长江上游典型酸性紫色土和钙质紫色土上欧美杂交杨碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)积累与分配特征对不同浓度Pb胁迫(CK: 0 mg·kg^-1; T1: 200 mg·kg^-1; T2: 450 mg·kg^-1; T3: 2000 mg·kg^-1)的响应。欧美杂交杨总C、N和P积累量在两种土壤中均表现出随Pb胁迫程度的增加而降低的趋势, 且钙质紫色土中欧美杂交杨总C、N和P积累量在各处理浓度下均高于酸性紫色土。Pb胁迫处理明显改变了欧美杂交杨各器官C、N和P的分配格局。与对照相比, Pb胁迫处理使酸性紫色土中欧美杂交杨细根C、N和P积累量的比例明显增加, 叶C、N和P积累量的比例则呈现出降低的趋势。相对于酸性紫色土, 钙质紫色土中欧美杂交杨细根C、N和P积累量的比例明显降低, 其叶C、N和P积累量的比例则表现出增加的趋势。两种土壤中欧美杂交杨P的利用效率均表现出随Pb胁迫程度的增加而增加的趋势, 而T2、T3处理下两种土壤中N的利用效率均显著降低。这些结果表明, 在N素缺乏的情况下, 酸性紫色土中欧美杂交杨P的利用效率显著低于钙质紫色土, 因此酸性紫色土中植物C、N和P积累、分配与利用更易受到Pb胁迫的影响。同时也表明, 钙质紫色土中欧美杂交杨通过改变养分分配格局将资源更多地分配于养分利用器官维持自身的生长, 能更好地适应Pb胁迫环境。

关键词: 酸性紫色土, 钙质紫色土, 养分利用, 铅胁迫, 欧美杂交杨

Abstract:

Aims Little information has been available on the effects of soil Pb pollution on plant nutrition. Our objective was to characterize the responses of poplar (Populus deltoids × P. nigra) in C, N and P accumulation and N and P use efficiency under different Pb stresses in acidic purple soil and alkaline purple soil.
Methods A controlled pot experiment using one-year old poplar was arranged with different treatments of four Pb concentrations (CK: 0, T1: 200, T2: 450 and T3: 2000 mg·kg^-1) in the field. Concentrations of C, N and P in plant components were measured over one growing season. We calculated C, N and P accumulation and N and P use efficiency.
Important findings Accumulations of C, N and P in poplar declined with increased Pb supplies in both acidic purple soil and alkaline purple soil. Accumulations of C, N and P in alkaline purple soil were larger than in acidic purple soil. Distribution patterns of C, N and P in poplar were altered in both soils when supplied with different Pb concentrations. C, N and P accumulation in fine roots significantly increased with increased Pb supplies in acidic purple soil, but decreased in fallen leaves. In contrast, C, N and P accumulation in fine roots decreased with increased Pb supplies in alkaline purple soil, but increased in fallen leaves. In addition, P use efficiency of the poplar in both soils increased with increased Pb supplies, but the N use efficiency significantly decreased under treatments T2 and T3. Results indicated that the accumulation of C, N and P in poplar had been inhibited and nutrient use efficiency of the plant had been altered by Pb stress. Moreover, the effects of Pb stress on nutrient accumulation, distribution and utilization by poplar were much less in alkaline soil compared to acidic soil.

Key words: acidic purple soil, alkaline purple soil, nutrients utilization, Pb stress, Populus deltoids × P. nigra

康丽娜, 吴福忠, 杨万勤, 谭波, 夏磊. 铅胁迫对欧美杂交杨幼苗碳、氮和磷积累与分配的影响. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(6): 578-586. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00578

KANG Li-Na, WU Fu-Zhong, YANG Wan-Qin, TAN Bo, XIA Lei. Effects of Pb stress on C, N and P accumulation and allocation in Populus deltoids × P. nigra seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(6): 578-586. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00578

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00578

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I6/578

图/表 5

参考文献 32

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	pH	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorous (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total potassium (g·kg^-1)	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全铅 Total plumbum (mg·kg^-1)
酸性紫色土 Acid purple soil	5.77 ± 0.06	2.21 ± 0.08	0.53 ± 0.04	14.54 ± 0.67	19.65 ± 1.05	47.12 ± 3.67
钙质紫色土 Alkaline purple soil	8.33 ± 0.07	3.11 ± 0.09	1.29 ± 0.04	20.97 ± 1.25	14.37 ± 1.37	30.48 ± 2.85

	pH	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorous (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total potassium (g·kg^-1)	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全铅 Total plumbum (mg·kg^-1)
酸性紫色土 Acid purple soil	5.77 ± 0.06	2.21 ± 0.08	0.53 ± 0.04	14.54 ± 0.67	19.65 ± 1.05	47.12 ± 3.67
钙质紫色土 Alkaline purple soil	8.33 ± 0.07	3.11 ± 0.09	1.29 ± 0.04	20.97 ± 1.25	14.37 ± 1.37	30.48 ± 2.85

		处理 Treatment	茎积累量 Stem accumulation (g)	叶积累量 Leaf accumulation (g)	细根积累量 Fine root accumulation (g)	粗根积累量 Coarse root accumulation (g)	总积累量 Total accumulation (g)
酸性紫色土 Acid purple soil	C	CK	24.39 ± 3.00^Aa	12.67 ± 2.12^Aa	4.86 ± 0.46^Aa	23.38 ± 0.96^Aa	65.30 ± 3.65^Aa
		T1	20.51 ± 2.07^Aab	7.96 ± 0.86^Ab	9.18 ± 1.24^Ab	18.72 ± 1.48^Ab	56.37 ± 1.53^Ab
		T2	16.59 ± 1.64^Ab	9.86 ± 0.76^Ab	4.08 ± 1.42^Aa	19.61 ± 0.79^Ab	50.15 ± 0.43^Ac
		T3	12.30 ± 1.62^Ac	5.24 ± 1.64^Ac	3.21 ± 0.17^Aa	14.35 ± 1.55^Ac	35.10 ± 1.82^Ad
	N	CK	0.31 ± 0.07^Aa	0.33 ± 0.02^Aa	0.08 ± 0.01^Aa	0.26 ± 0.05^Aa	0.98 ± 0.10^Aa
		T1	0.25 ± 0.01^Aab	0.22 ± 0.06^Abc	0.14 ± 0.02^Ab	0.18 ± 0.03^Ab	0.79 ± 0.04^Ab
		T2	0.26 ± 0.07^Aab	0.29 ± 0.05^Aab	0.06 ± 0.03^Aa	0.26 ± 0.04^Aa	0.87 ± 0.11^Aab
		T3	0.20 ± 0.02^Ab	0.18 ± 0.08^Ac	0.07 ± 0.01^Aa	0.16 ± 0.04^Ab	0.62 ± 0.06^Ac
	P	CK	0.074 ± 0.012^Aa	0.047 ± 0.007^Aa	0.021 ± 0.002^Aa	0.044 ± 0.007^Aa	0.186 ± 0.011^Aa
		T1	0.055 ± 0.009^Abc	0.032 ± 0.004^Ab	0.039 ± 0.007^Ab	0.041 ± 0.010^Aa	0.166 ± 0.022^Ab
		T2	0.057 ± 0.009^Ab	0.036 ± 0.006^Ab	0.019 ± 0.005^Aa	0.032 ± 0.011^Ab	0.144 ± 0.021^Ac
		T3	0.043 ± 0.002^Ac	0.019 ± 0.005^Ac	0.014 ± 0.001^Aa	0.019 ± 0.003^Ac	0.095 ± 0.004^Ad
钙质紫色土 Alkaline purple soil	C	CK	36.12 ± 2.00^Ba	14.09 ± 1.85^Aa	7.78 ± 0.76^Aa	19.58 ± 2.36^Aa	77.57 ± 1.78^Ba
		T1	34.25 ± 2.70^Ba	12.33 ± 1.37^Aab	4.47 ± 0.76^Bb	17.26 ± 1.16^Aab	68.31 ± 4.47^Bb
		T2	27.21 ± 1.66^Bb	10.49 ± 0.34^Abc	4.35 ± 0.57^Ab	15.79 ± 0.81^Bb	57.84 ± 2.15^Bc
		T3	16.38 ± 2.15^Bc	8.58 ± 0.41^Bc	2.69 ± 0.29^Ac	11.27 ± 0.40^Bc	38.92 ± 2.18^Bd
	N	CK	0.46 ± 0.08^Aa	0.34 ± 0.17^Aa	0.13 ± 0.01^Ba	0.25 ± 0.08^Aa	1.18 ± 0.10^Aa
		T1	0.40 ± 0.06^Ba	0.40 ± 0.06^Ba	0.08 ± 0.02^Bb	0.20 ± 0.04^Aab	1.08 ± 0.09^Bab
		T2	0.37 ± 0.08^Aab	0.32 ± 0.07^Aa	0.07 ± 0.01^Ab	0.19 ± 0.02^Bab	0.95 ± 0.16^Ab
		T3	0.25 ± 0.04^Ab	0.27 ± 0.02^Aa	0.05 ± 0.01^Ab	0.12 ± 0.01^Ab	0.69 ± 0.04^Ac
	P	CK	0.101 ± 0.007^Ba	0.043 ± 0.013^Aa	0.033 ± 0.007^Ba	0.038 ± 0.010^Aa	0.216 ± 0.014^Aa
		T1	0.085 ± 0.007^Bb	0.040 ± 0.005^Aa	0.020 ± 0.006^Bb	0.034 ± 0.006^Aa	0.179 ± 0.014^Ab
		T2	0.071 ± 0.011^Ac	0.033 ± 0.002^Ab	0.018 ± 0.003^Ab	0.027 ± 0.001^Bb	0.149 ± 0.009^Ac
		T3	0.038 ± 0.003^Ad	0.022 ± 0.001^Ac	0.009 ± 0.001^Bc	0.015 ± 0.002^Bc	0.084 ± 0.001^Bd

		处理 Treatment	茎积累量 Stem accumulation (g)	叶积累量 Leaf accumulation (g)	细根积累量 Fine root accumulation (g)	粗根积累量 Coarse root accumulation (g)	总积累量 Total accumulation (g)
酸性紫色土 Acid purple soil	C	CK	24.39 ± 3.00^Aa	12.67 ± 2.12^Aa	4.86 ± 0.46^Aa	23.38 ± 0.96^Aa	65.30 ± 3.65^Aa
		T1	20.51 ± 2.07^Aab	7.96 ± 0.86^Ab	9.18 ± 1.24^Ab	18.72 ± 1.48^Ab	56.37 ± 1.53^Ab
		T2	16.59 ± 1.64^Ab	9.86 ± 0.76^Ab	4.08 ± 1.42^Aa	19.61 ± 0.79^Ab	50.15 ± 0.43^Ac
		T3	12.30 ± 1.62^Ac	5.24 ± 1.64^Ac	3.21 ± 0.17^Aa	14.35 ± 1.55^Ac	35.10 ± 1.82^Ad
	N	CK	0.31 ± 0.07^Aa	0.33 ± 0.02^Aa	0.08 ± 0.01^Aa	0.26 ± 0.05^Aa	0.98 ± 0.10^Aa
		T1	0.25 ± 0.01^Aab	0.22 ± 0.06^Abc	0.14 ± 0.02^Ab	0.18 ± 0.03^Ab	0.79 ± 0.04^Ab
		T2	0.26 ± 0.07^Aab	0.29 ± 0.05^Aab	0.06 ± 0.03^Aa	0.26 ± 0.04^Aa	0.87 ± 0.11^Aab
		T3	0.20 ± 0.02^Ab	0.18 ± 0.08^Ac	0.07 ± 0.01^Aa	0.16 ± 0.04^Ab	0.62 ± 0.06^Ac
	P	CK	0.074 ± 0.012^Aa	0.047 ± 0.007^Aa	0.021 ± 0.002^Aa	0.044 ± 0.007^Aa	0.186 ± 0.011^Aa
		T1	0.055 ± 0.009^Abc	0.032 ± 0.004^Ab	0.039 ± 0.007^Ab	0.041 ± 0.010^Aa	0.166 ± 0.022^Ab
		T2	0.057 ± 0.009^Ab	0.036 ± 0.006^Ab	0.019 ± 0.005^Aa	0.032 ± 0.011^Ab	0.144 ± 0.021^Ac
		T3	0.043 ± 0.002^Ac	0.019 ± 0.005^Ac	0.014 ± 0.001^Aa	0.019 ± 0.003^Ac	0.095 ± 0.004^Ad
钙质紫色土 Alkaline purple soil	C	CK	36.12 ± 2.00^Ba	14.09 ± 1.85^Aa	7.78 ± 0.76^Aa	19.58 ± 2.36^Aa	77.57 ± 1.78^Ba
		T1	34.25 ± 2.70^Ba	12.33 ± 1.37^Aab	4.47 ± 0.76^Bb	17.26 ± 1.16^Aab	68.31 ± 4.47^Bb
		T2	27.21 ± 1.66^Bb	10.49 ± 0.34^Abc	4.35 ± 0.57^Ab	15.79 ± 0.81^Bb	57.84 ± 2.15^Bc
		T3	16.38 ± 2.15^Bc	8.58 ± 0.41^Bc	2.69 ± 0.29^Ac	11.27 ± 0.40^Bc	38.92 ± 2.18^Bd
	N	CK	0.46 ± 0.08^Aa	0.34 ± 0.17^Aa	0.13 ± 0.01^Ba	0.25 ± 0.08^Aa	1.18 ± 0.10^Aa
		T1	0.40 ± 0.06^Ba	0.40 ± 0.06^Ba	0.08 ± 0.02^Bb	0.20 ± 0.04^Aab	1.08 ± 0.09^Bab
		T2	0.37 ± 0.08^Aab	0.32 ± 0.07^Aa	0.07 ± 0.01^Ab	0.19 ± 0.02^Bab	0.95 ± 0.16^Ab
		T3	0.25 ± 0.04^Ab	0.27 ± 0.02^Aa	0.05 ± 0.01^Ab	0.12 ± 0.01^Ab	0.69 ± 0.04^Ac
	P	CK	0.101 ± 0.007^Ba	0.043 ± 0.013^Aa	0.033 ± 0.007^Ba	0.038 ± 0.010^Aa	0.216 ± 0.014^Aa
		T1	0.085 ± 0.007^Bb	0.040 ± 0.005^Aa	0.020 ± 0.006^Bb	0.034 ± 0.006^Aa	0.179 ± 0.014^Ab
		T2	0.071 ± 0.011^Ac	0.033 ± 0.002^Ab	0.018 ± 0.003^Ab	0.027 ± 0.001^Bb	0.149 ± 0.009^Ac
		T3	0.038 ± 0.003^Ad	0.022 ± 0.001^Ac	0.009 ± 0.001^Bc	0.015 ± 0.002^Bc	0.084 ± 0.001^Bd

	处理 Treatment	叶C/N Leaf C/N	叶N/P Leaf N/P	总C/N Total C/N	总N/P Total N/P	N利用效率NUE_N (g mass·g^-1)	P利用效率NUE_P (g mass·g^-1)
酸性紫色土 Acid purple soil	CK	38.08 ± 4.16^Aa	7.13 ± 0.68^Aa	66.76 ± 6.06^Aa	5.31 ± 0.53^Aab	133.39 ± 12.46^Aab	703.27 ± 5.30^Aa
	T1	35.86 ± 4.86^Aa	7.13 ± 1.18^Aa	71.27 ± 3.65^Aa	4.76 ± 0.29^Aa	148.85 ± 7.37^Aa	707.47 ± 13.38^Aa
	T2	34.81 ± 5.24^Aa	7.87 ± 1.11^Aa	57.78 ± 6.69^Ab	6.07 ± 0.69^Abc	122.78 ± 13.62^Ab	738.53 ± 8.11^Ab
	T3	30.94 ± 8.43^Aa	9.47 ± 2.13^Aa	57.15 ± 3.43^Ab	6.50 ± 0.31^Ac	124.04 ± 8.52^Ab	805.04 ± 24.31^Ab
钙质紫色土 Alkaline purple soil	CK	34.91 ± 2.06^Aa	7.60 ± 3.35^Ba	65.96 ± 4.57^Aa	5.47 ± 0.28^Aa	135.75 ± 8.22^Aa	741.29 ± 11.33^Ba
	T1	30.88 ± 1.85^Aa	10.11 ± 0.7^Bab	63.60 ± 2.57^Ba	6.01 ± 0.06^Ba	131.61 ± 2.00^Bab	791.22 ± 9.19^Bb
	T2	33.47 ± 8.21^Aa	9.94 ± 2.18^Aa	61.98 ± 11.86^Aa	6.40 ± 1.03^Aa	119.85 ± 4.28^Abc	821.10 ± 4.73^Bc
	T3	31.59 ± 1.65^Aa	12.31 ± 0.35^Bb	56.57 ± 0.63^Aa	8.20 ± 0.27^Bb	122.79 ± 3.83^Ac	1005.94 ± 1.56^Bd