科尔沁沙地位于我国北方农牧交错区, 是我国十大沙漠(沙地)中水热条件较优越的地区。该区域农田、草地与沙地生态系统并存, 尽管生态环境脆弱、沙化问题突出, 但其同时也是内蒙古的主要玉米(Zea mays)产区。20世纪80年代以来, 随着农业技术的发展, 科尔沁沙地的玉米产量和品质显著提升。作为全球第一大粮食作物, 玉米的产量和品质始终是农业科学的核心议题。该数据集收集了2005–2015年中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站农田长期观测场的玉米收获期的性状和产量数据, 同时包含农田的肥料投入情况和灌溉制度数据。建立和共享该数据集有助于深入探讨全球变化背景下科尔沁沙地玉米生长状况的动态变化, 为优化半干旱风沙区的农业生产管理策略、改善水资源利用提供重要的科学依据。

The Horqin Sandy Land is located in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China and has the most favorable hydrothermal conditions among the ten major deserts in China. This region features a coexistence of farmland, grassland, and sandy ecosystems. Despite its fragile ecological environment and severe desertification issues, it is also a key corn (Zea mays) production area in Nei Mongol. Since the 1980s, advancements in agricultural technology have significantly improved corn yield and quality in this region. As the world’s leading cereal crop, corn production and quality remain key areas of agricultural research. This dataset compiles corn plant traits and yield data collected during the harvest period from 2005 to 2015 at the long-term agricultural observation plot of Naiman Desertification Research Station of Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, along with data on fertilizer inputs and irrigation practices. The establishment and sharing of this dataset will contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamic changes in corn growth under global climate change in Horqin Sandy Land, providing essential scientific evidence for optimizing agricultural management strategies and improving water resource utilization in semi-arid sandy regions.