/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
落叶松幼苗碳素和氮素的获取与分配对供氮水平的响应
CARBON AND NITROGEN ACQUISITION AND ALLOCATION IN LARCH SEEDLINGS IN RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT N SUPPLY RATES
Received date: 2004-03-31
Accepted date: 2004-11-18
Online published: 2005-07-31
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(30130160)
落叶松(Larix gmelinii)是中国东北林区最重要的工业用材树种,而且在北温带森林中具有重要的生态学意义。落叶松的种植区域内气温低、冬季长,氮素矿化速度低,供氮不足常常成为落叶松生长的限制因素。为揭示落叶松生长与氮素营养的关系,采用沙培法设置了1、4、8和16 mmol·L-1 4个供氮水平,研究了不同供氮条件下落叶松一年生幼苗对碳和氮的获取与分配的规律。结果显示,落叶松幼苗的生物量、全株氮浓度、氮含量、比氮吸收速率均随供氮水平的增加而升高,叶重比(LWR)、茎重比(SWR)及叶氮比(LNR)、茎氮比(SNR)亦随供氮水平的增加而增加,而根重比(RWR)和根氮比(RNR)则随供氮水平的增加而降低。当供氮水平从1 mmol·L-1增加至8 mmol·L-1时,落叶松幼苗相对生长速率呈线性增加,而全株氮生产力几乎未受供氮水平的影响;当供氮水平从8 mmol·L-1增加至16 mmol·L-1时,全株相对生长速率不再增加,全株氮生产力则显著下降。与全株氮生产力的变化不同,落叶松幼苗的叶氮生产力与供氮水平呈负相关。
郭盛磊, 阎秀峰, 白冰, 于爽 . 落叶松幼苗碳素和氮素的获取与分配对供氮水平的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2005 , 29(4) : 550 -558 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2005.0074
Larch (Larix gmelinii) is the most important industrial timber species in northeastern China, and is ecological significant in boreal forest ecosystems. However, the growth of larch is often limited by nitrogen (N) availability because of slow litter decomposition rates due to low temperatures and the long winter in these northern forests. To explore the relationship between growth and soil N availability in larch, we treated one-year old larch seedlings to four different N supply levels (1, 4, 8 and 16 mmol·L-1, respectively) and measured acquisition and allocation of carbon and N. The results showed that the biomass, whole plant N concentration, whole plant N content and special N absorption rate of larch seedlings were enhanced with N supply levels. With the increase in N supply, needle and stem weight ratios and needle and stem N weight ratios increased, whereas the root weight ratio and root N weight ratio decreased. As N supply levels increased from 1 mmol·L-1 to 8 mmol·L-1, whole plant relative growth rate (RGR) increased linearly, whereas whole plant N productivity (NPP) remained constant. At the highest N treatment (16 mmol·L-1), whole plant RGR was the same as in the 8 mmol·L-1 N treatment, but NPP decreased significantly compared with the 8 mmol·L-1 treatment. In contrast, needle N productivity of larch seedlings exhibited a negative relationship with N supply level.
Key words： Larch; N supply level; Acquisition; Allocation; Nitrogen productivity
| [1] | Abrahamson WG, Caswell H (1982). On the comparative allocation of biomass, energy, and nutrients in plants. Ecology, 63,982-991. |
| [2] | Ahlstr?m K, Persson H, Borjesson I (1988). Fertilization in a mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand — effects on fine roots. Plant and Soil, 106,179-190. |
| [3] | Boot RGA, Schildwacht PM, Lambers H (1992). Partitioning of nitrogen and biomass at a range of N-addition rates and their consequences for growth and gas exchange in two perennial grasses from inland dunes. Physiologia Plantarum, 86,152-160. |
| [4] | Brouwer R (1962). Nutritive influences on the distribution of dry matter in the plant. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10,361-376. |
| [5] | Brouwer R (1983). Functional equilibrium: sense or nonsense? Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31,335-348. |
| [6] | Brown KR, Thompson WA, Camm EL, Hawkins BJ, Guy RD (1996a). Effects of N addition rates on the productivity of Picea sitchensis, Thuja plicata, and Tsuga heterophylla seedlings. II. Photosynthesis, 13C discrimination and N partitioning in foliage. Trees, 10,198-205. |
| [7] | Brown KR, Thompson WA, Weetman GF (1996b). Effects of N addition rates on the productivity of Picea sitchensis, Thuja plicata, and Tsuga heterophylla seedlings. I. Growth rates, biomass allocation and macroelement nutrition. Trees, 10,189-197. |
| [8] | Clemensson-Lindell A, Asp H (1995). Fine-root morphology and uptake of 32P and 35S in a Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand subjected to various nutrient and water supplies. Plant and Soil, 173,147-155. |
| [9] | de Groot CC, Marcelis LFM, van den Boogaard R, Lambers H (2001). Growth and dry-mass partitioning in tomato as affected by phosphorus nutrition and light. Plant, Cell and Environment, 24,1309-1317. |
| [10] | Eckstein RL, Karlsson PS (2001). Variation in nitrogen-use efficiency among and within subarctic graminoids and herbs. New Phytologist, 150,641-651. |
| [11] | Evans JR (1989). Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 plants. Oecologia, 78,9-19. |
| [12] | Gezelius K, N?sholm T (1993). Free amino acids and protein in Scots pine seedlings cultivated at different nutrient availabilities. Tree physiology, 13,71-86. |
| [13] | Grassi G, Minotta G (2000). Influence of nutrient supply on shade-sun acclimation of Picea abies seedlings: effects on foliar morphology, photosynthetic performance and growth. Tree physiology, 20,645-652. |
| [14] | Green TH, Mitchell RJ, Gjerstad DH (1994). Effects of nitrogen on the response of loblolly pine to drought. II. Biomass allocation and C:N balance. New Phytologist, 128,145-152. |
| [15] | Griffin KL, Winner WE, Strain BR (1995). Growth and dry matter partitioning in loblolly and ponderosa pine seedlings in response to carbon and nitrogen availability. New Phytologist, 129,547-556. |
| [16] | Horneck AD, Miller RO (1998). Determination of total nitrogen in plant tissue. In: Kalra YP ed. Handbook of Reference Methods for Plant Analysis. CRC Press, New York,75-83. |
| [17] | Ibrahim L, Proe MF, Cameron AD (1998). Interactive effects of nitrogen and water availabilities on gas exchange and whole-plant carbon allocation in poplar. Tree physiology, 18,481-487. |
| [18] | Ingestad T (1981). Nutrition and growth of birch and grey alder seedlings in low conductivity solutions and at varied relative rates of nutrient addition. Physiologia Plantarum, 52,454-466. |
| [19] | Ingestad T, Kahr M (1985). Nutrition and growth of coniferous seedlings at varied relative nitrogen addition rate. Physiologia Plantarum, 65,109-116. |
| [20] | Jia HJ, Ingestad T (1984). Nutrient requirements and stress response of Populus simonii and Paulownia tomentosa. Physiologia Plantarum, 62,117-124. |
| [21] | Laitinen K, Luomala EM, Kellomaki S, Vapaavuori E (2000). Carbon assimilation and nitrogen in needles of fertilized and unfertilized field-grown Scots pine at natural and elevated concentrations of CO2. Tree Physiology, 20,881-892. |
| [22] | Lambers H, Freijsen N, Poorter H, Hirose T, Van der Werf A (1990). Analyses of growth based on net assimilation rate and nitrogen productivity. Their physiological background. In: Lambers H, Cambridge ML, Konings H, Pons TL eds. Causes and Consequences of Variation in Growth Rate and Productivity of Higher Plants. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague,1-17. |
| [23] | Lutze JL, Gifford RM (1998). Acquisition and allocation of carbon and nitrogen by Danthonia ridcharsonii in response to restricted nitrogen supply and CO2 enrichment. Plant, Cell and Environment, 21,1133-1141. |
| [24] | Mackie-Dawson LA, Pratt SM, Millard P (1994). Root growth and nitrogen uptake in sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) seedlings in relation to nitrogen supply. Plant and Soil, 158,233-238. |
| [25] | Malagoli M, Dal Canal A, Quaggiotti S, Pegoraro P, Bottacin A (2000). Differences in nitrate and ammonium uptake between Scots pine and European larch. Plant and Soil, 221,1-3. |
| [26] | Nakaji T, Fukami M, Dokiya Y, Izuta T (2001). Effects of high nitrogen load on growth, photosynthesis and nutrient status of Cryptomeria japonica and Pinus densiflora seedlings. Trees, 15,453-461. |
| [27] | Nakaji T, Takenaga S, Kuroha M, Izuta T (2002). Photosynthetic response of Pinus densiflora seedlings to high nitrogen load. Environmental Sciences, 9,269-282. |
| [28] | Nielsen KL, Eshel A, Lynch JP (2001). The effect of phosphorus availability on the carbon economy of contrasting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Experimental Botany, 52,329-339. |
| [29] | Nilsen P, Abrahamsen G (2003). Scots pine and Norway spruce stands responses to annual N, P and Mg fertilization. Forest Ecology and Management, 139,221-232. |
| [30] | Olsthoorn AFM, Keltjens WG, van Baren B, Hopman MCG (1991). Influence of ammonium on fine root development and rhizosphere pH of Douglas-fir seedlings in sand. Plant and Soil, 133,75-81. |
| [31] | Paponov IA, Posepanov OG, Lebedinskai S, Koshkin EI (2000). Growth and biomass allocation, with varying nitrogen availability, of near-isogenic pea lines with differing foliage structure. Annals of Botany, 85,563-569. |
| [32] | Pavlik BM (1983). Nutrient and productivity relations of the dune grasses Ammophila arenaria and Elymus mollis. I. Blade photosynthesis and nitrogen use efficiency in the laboratory and field. Oecologia, 57,227-232. |
| [33] | Qu LY, Quoreshi AM, Koike T (2003). Root growth characteristics, biomass and nutrient dynamics of seedlings of two larch species raised under different fertilization regimes. Plant and Soil, 255,293-302. |
| [34] | Rosengren-Brinck U, Majdi H, Asp H, Widell S (1995). Enzyme activities in isolated root plasma membranes from a stand of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient status and ammonium sulphate application. New Phytologist 129 ,537-546. |
| [35] | Ryan M (1991). Effects of climate change on plant respiration. Ecological Applications, 1,157-167. |
| [36] | Saarsalmi A, Malkonen E (2001). Forest fertilization research in Finland: a literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 16,514-535. |
| [37] | Seith B, George E, Marschner H, Wallenda T, Schaeffer C, Einig W, Wingler A, Hampp R (1996). Effects of varied soil nitrogen supply on Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). I. Shoot and root growth and nutrient uptake. Plant and Soil, 184,291-298. |
| [38] | Son Y, Lee IK, Ryu SR (2000). Nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in foliage and twig of pitch pine and Japanese larch plantations in relation to fertilization. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 23,697-710. |
| [39] | Su B (苏波), Han XG (韩兴国), Qu CM (渠春梅), Li GC (李贵才) (2002). Factors affecting soil N availability in forest ecosystems: a literature review. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 21(2),40-46. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [40] | Tan W, Hogan GD (1995). Limitations to net photosynthesis as affected by nitrogen status in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) seedlings. Journal of Experimental Botany, 46,407-413. |
| [41] | Tan W, Hogan GD (1998). Dry weight and N partitioning in relation to substrate N supply, internal N status and development in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) seedlings: implications for modelling. Annals of Botany, 81,195-201. |
| [42] | Tang QY (唐启义), Feng MG (冯明光) (2002). DPS Data Processing System for Practical Statistics (实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
| [43] | Utriainen J, Holopainen T (2001a). Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus availability and ozone stress on Norway spruce seedlings. Tree Physiology, 21,447-456. |
| [44] | Utriainen J, Holopainen T (2001b). Nitrogen availability modifies the ozone responses of Scots pine seedlings exposed in an open-field system. Tree physiology, 21,1205-1213. |
| [45] | Valinger E (1993). Effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization on growth of Scots pine trees: total annual biomass increment, needle efficiency, and aboveground allocation of biomass increment. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 23,1639-1644. |
| [46] | van Dijk HFG, de Louw MHJ, Roelofs JGM, Verburgh JJ (1990). Impact of artificial, ammonium-enriched rainwater on soils and young coniferous tress in a greenhouse. II. Effects on the trees. Environmental Pollution, 63,41-59. |
| [47] | Vejre H, Ingerslev M, Raulund-Rasmussen K (2001). Fertilization of Danish forests: a review of experiments. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 16,502-513. |
| [48] | Warren CR, Dreyer E, Adams MA (2003). Photosynthesis-Rubisco relationships in foliage of Pinus sylvestris in response to nitrogen supply and the proposed role of Rubisco and amino acids as nitrogen stores. Trees, 17,359-366. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |