Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology >
Variation of conspecific and heterospecific density-dependent survival along life stages in natural secondary forests in Northeast China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Received date: 2023-10-16
Accepted date: 2024-04-08
Online published: 2024-04-08
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371870)
Abstract
Aims Our aim is to explore density dependence across various life stages trees in temperate forests and determine the varying importance of density dependence at different life stages. We seek to provide a theoretical foundation for species coexistence at a local scale in these forest systems.
Methods Utilizing tree census data and the dynamic monitoring data from 451 seedling quadrats in a 21.12 hm2 plot of coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest in Jiaohe, Jilin over three consecutive years (2016-2018), the effects of density dependence on different life stages were analyzed at community and species levels by four models: generalized linear mixed model, generalized linear mixed model incorporating the interaction between individual size and conspecific (heterospecific) neighbor variables, generalized linear mixed model incorporating conspecific neighbor variables and heterospecific neighbor variables as random effects, specialized generalized linear mixed model with sole incorporation of conspecific (heterospecific) neighbor variables as random effects.
Important findings At the community level, conspecific neighbors significantly affected the survival rate across all life stages. Conspecific adult tree neighbors exhibited a significant negative impact on seedling survival rate, while conspecific seedling neighbors had a positive effect on seedling survival rate. The survival of both saplings and adult tree stages was significantly and negatively affected by conspecific neighbors. The Conspecific Negative Density Dependence (CNDD) attenuated in response to life stages. Heterospecific neighbor effects varied in accordance with life stage and neighbor radius, without a well-defined trend. At the species level, the neighborhood effect differed significantly among species solely at the adult tree stage, and neither the conspecific neighborhood effect nor the heterospecific neighborhood effect differed significantly among species at other life stages. Negative density constraints existed in all life stages of this temperate forest, while CNDD decreased with life stage. The effect of heterospecific negative density constraints on the survival rate of individuals in different life stages was influenced by the scale of the neighborhood, without any apparent trend. As a result of the “herd immunity effect” or suitable habitat, the survival of individual seedlings was positively affected by conspecific seedling neighbors. Neighborhood effects varied among species depending on their life history strategies, life types and species richness. The results of this study suggest that the mechanisms affecting the coexistence of species in forest communities at the local scale require comprehensive analyses that incorporate multiple species and life stages.
Cite this article
QIANG Ya-Qi , ZHANG Xin-Na , WANG Juan , ZHANG Chun-Yu . Variation of conspecific and heterospecific density-dependent survival along life stages in natural secondary forests in Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024 , 48(12) : 1612 -1622 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0293
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