杠杆状雄蕊及其进化生态学意义

张勃, 孙杉, 张志强, 李庆军

A review of the evolutionary and ecological significance of lever-like stamens

ZHANG Bo, SUN Shan, ZHANG Zhi-Qiang, LI Qing-Jun

图1 杠杆状雄蕊及其花部结构(张勃摄)。A, 毛地黄鼠尾草(Salvia digitaloides)的杠杆状雄蕊(上唇瓣被切除)。B, 象牙参(Roscoea schneideriana)花药基生的杠杆状(或距状)雄蕊 (花裂片剥离)。C, 极苦姜黄(Curcuma amarissima)花药背生的杠杆状(或距状)雄蕊(花裂片剥离)。a, 花药; f, 花丝; fth, 可育药室; j, 花丝与药隔形成的扭力关节; la, 雄蕊杠杆下臂或距状附属体(B, C); s, 花柱; st, 柱头; sth, 不育药室; ua, 雄蕊杠杆上臂。

Fig. 1 Lever-like stamens and floral structures (Photo by Zhang Bo). A, Lever-like stamens of Salvia digitaloides (removed upper lip). B, Lever-like or spurred stamens with basified anther in Roscoea schneideriana (unwrapped lobes). C, Lever- like or spurred stamen with dorsifixed anther in Curcuma amarissima (unwrapped lobes). a, anthers; f, filaments; fth, fertile thecae; j, torsional joints between filament and connective; la, lower lever arms of stamens or spur-like appendages (B, C); s, styles; st, stigmas; sth, sterile thecae; ua, upper lever arms of stamens.