杠杆状雄蕊及其进化生态学意义

张勃, 孙杉, 张志强, 李庆军

A review of the evolutionary and ecological significance of lever-like stamens

ZHANG Bo, SUN Shan, ZHANG Zhi-Qiang, LI Qing-Jun

图3 近掌脉鼠尾草(Salvia subpalmatinervis)杠杆状雄蕊的背部传粉机制(张勃摄)。A, 传粉者访花时触发雄蕊杠杆运动, 使其背部承载花粉。B, 传粉者结束访花, 离开花冠时杠杆状雄蕊恢复原位。实箭表示传粉者退离花冠的方向。虚箭表示传粉者退出花冠时, 雄蕊杠杆运动的方向。a, 花药(可育药室); la, 雄蕊杠杆下臂; st, 柱头; ua, 雄蕊杠杆上臂。

Fig. 3 Dorsal pollen transfer with lever-like stamens in Salvia subpalmatinervis (Photo by Zhang Bo). A, Pollen loading on pollinator’s back through triggering stamen levers’ movement while pollinator visiting flower. B, Stamen levers restore its original position when pollinator finishing foraging. Solid arrows indicate the direction of pollinator quitting corolla after foraging. Dotted arrows show the movement direction of lever arms when pollinator quitting corolla. a, anthers (fertile thecae); la, lower lever arms of stamens; st, stigma; ua, upper lever arms of stamens.