刈割、施肥对高寒草甸物种多样性与生态系统功能关系的影响及群落稳定性机制

王海东, 张璐璐, 朱志红

Effects of clipping and fertilizing on the relationships between species diversity and ecosystem functioning and mechanisms of community stability in alpine meadow

WANG Hai-Dong, ZHANG Lu-Lu, ZHU Zhi-Hong

表1 响应物种重要值的方差分析及其与群落地上净初级生产力的回归分析

Table 1 ANOVA for important value (IV) of response species and regression analysis for the IV with aboveground net primary productivity

植物种 Plant species 变异来源(自由度) Sources of variance (df (m, n)) R2 (n = 36) 物种类型 Species type B (2, 4) C (2, 4) F (1, 18) W (1, 18) C × F (2, 18) C × W (2, 18) F × W (1, 18) C × F × W (2, 18) 矮嵩草 Kobresia humilis 4.43 0.32 5.29* 0.96 1.25 0.23 0.52 0.24 0.006 RS 鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina 12.71* 6.96* 14.87** 0 5.52* 4.86* 0.01 0.89 0.014 RS 甘肃马先蒿 Pedicularis kansuensis 0.27 2.56 5.51* 4.55* 0.54 1.01 3.91 1.19 0.013 RS 海乳草 Glaux maritima 8.53* 7.01* 0.58 0.30 6.91** 0.12 0.01 0.43 0 RS 尖叶龙胆 Gentiana lawrencei 1.48 5.02 41.23** 4.02 2.58 0.06 0.13 1.96 0.014 RS 美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba 2.61 7.16* 1.33 0.02 0.80 0.91 1.28 0.05 0.024 RS 棉毛茛 Ranunculus membranaceus 1.72 10.86* 7.13* 0.79 2.19 0.48 0.35 1.87 0.022 RS 蒲公英 Taraxacum mongolicum 1.46 16.47* 0.03 0.35 0.54 1.61 0.16 0.95 0.033 RS 溚草 Koeleria cristata 1.00 1.46 15.83** 0.83 1.77 0.12 0.46 0.53 0.009 RS 麻花艽 Gentiana macrophylla 2.62 4.21 4.64* 0.39 0.29 4.69* 4.21 0.36 0.033 RS 小米草 Euphrasia regelii 1.41 2.61 10.92** 0.61 0.95 0.71 0.21 0.34 0.002 RS 亚洲蒲公英 Taraxacum leucanthum 0.19 5.08** 1.97 1.76 6.23** 3.02 0.26 0.96 0.028 RS 紫菀 Aster alpinus 1.81 8.21* 0.68 0.86 3.43 0.40 0.28 5.06* 0.016 RS 矮火绒草 Leontopodium nanum 1.20 3.76 6.20* 0.13 1.45 0.13 0.03 0.05 0.072** RS, ES 繁缕 Stellaria umbellata 0.55 0.56 79.92** 3.43 0.25 0.13 1.58 0.04 0.153** RS, ES 甘肃棘豆 Oxytropis kansuensis 1.34 3.10 51.59** 0.09 3.12 0.17 1.30 0.09 0.172** RS, ES 黄花棘豆 Oxytropis ochrocephala 0.30 1.92 25.48** 1.65 2.63 0.71 2.35 1.18 0.039* RS, ES 黄芪 Astragalus licentianus 0.60 1.5 17.70** 0.22 3.67* 0.92 3.93 1.31 0.088** RS, ES 米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia verna 2.21 3.91 20.17** 0.27 0.98 0.14 1.17 0.79 0.101** RS, ES 垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans 0.63 1.66 26.18** 0.26 0 0.13 0.07 2.05 0.145** RS, ES 青海棘豆 Oxytropis qinghaiensis 0.63 1.22 35.19** 1.88 1.73 0.56 0.04 1.56 0.130** RS, ES 三脉梅花草 Parnassia trinervis 3.48 2.5 17.60** 0 1.55 0.08 0 0.46 0.155** RS, ES 湿生扁蕾 Gentianopsis paludosa 6.98 15.05* 17.77** 16.99** 0.55 3.94* 2.03 3.17 0.058* RS, ES 银莲花 Anemone obtusiloba 1.05 11.88* 8.32** 1.85 2.95 2.69 1.3 2.79 0.125** RS, ES 圆萼刺参 Morina chinensis 1.47 13.77* 0 0.22 0 1.32 0.59 0.86 0.079* RS, ES 早熟禾 Poa sp. 1.13 13.76* 52.94** 1.37 7.17** 1.51 0.88 1.46 0.319** RS, ES 响应物种数(%) No. of response species (%) 2 (2.8) 11 (15.5) 20 (28.4) 2 (2.8) 5 (7.0) 3 (4.2) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.4) 13 (18.3)