北京植物物候的季节动态特征——以北京植物园为例
邢小艺,郝培尧,李冠衡,李慧,董丽

Seasonal dynamic of plant phenophases in Beijing—A case study in Beijing Botanical Garden
XING Xiao-Yi,HAO Pei-Yao,LI Guan-Heng,LI Hui,DONG Li
表1 物候观测树种
Table 1 The species in this study for phenological changes
生活型 Life form 物种 Species
落叶针叶种(2种)
Deciduous coniferous species (2 species)
水杉、华北落叶松
Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Larix principis-rupprechtii
落叶阔叶种(118种)
Deciduous broad-leaved species (118 species)
乔木(58种)
Arbor (58 species)
旱柳、毛白杨、加杨、刺槐、槐、皂荚、臭椿、元宝槭、梣叶槭*、茶条槭、丝绵木、美国红梣*、流苏树、北京丁香、雪柳、榆、榉树、黑弹树、二球悬铃木*、银杏、栾树、文冠果、柿、毛泡桐、玉兰*、望春玉兰*、二乔玉兰*、梧桐、胡桃、枫杨、七叶树、梓、楸、蒙椴、小花扁担杆、毛梾、灯台树、四照花*、蒙古栎、白桦、黄连木、黄栌、山桃、白花山碧桃*、碧桃*、山杏、榆叶梅、紫叶李*、紫叶稠李*、毛樱桃、‘美人’梅*、‘三轮玉碟’梅*、‘丰后’杏梅*、西府海棠、山楂、蜡梅*、柽柳、沙枣
Salix matsudana, Populus tomentosa, Populus × canadensis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Sophora japonica, Gleditsia sinensis, Ailanthus altissima, Acer truncatum, Acer negundo*, Acer ginnala, Euonymus maackii, Fraxinus pennsylvanica*, Chionanthus retusus, Syringa pekinensis, Fontanesia fortune, Ulmus pumila, Zelkova serrata, Celtis bungeana, Platanus acerifolia*, Ginkgo biloba, Koelreuteria paniculate, Xanthoceras sorbifolium, Diospyros kaki, Paulownia tomentosa, Magnolia denudata*, Magnolia biondii*, Magnolia soulangeana*, Firmiana platanifolia, Juglans regia, Pterocarya stenoptera, Aesculus chinensis, Catalpa ovata, Catalpa bungee, Tilia mongolica, Grewia biloba var. parviflora, Swida walteri, Bothrocaryum controversum, Dendrobenthamia japonica var. chinensis*, Quercus mongolica, Betula platyphylla, Pistacia chinensis, Cotinus coggygria, Amygdalus davidiana, Amygdalus davidiana ‘Albo-plena’*, Amygdalus persica var. persica f. duplex*, Armeniaca sibirica, Amygdalus trilobal, Prunus cerasifera f. atropurpurea*, Prunus virginiana ‘Canada Red’*, Cerasus tomentosa, Armeniaca × blireana ‘Meiren’*, Armeniaca mume var. typica ‘Sanlunyudie’*, Armeniaca mume var. bungo ‘Fenghou’*, Malus × micromalus, Crataegus pinnatifida, Chimonanthus praecox*, Tamarix chinensis, Elaeagnus angustifolia
灌木(54种)
Shrub (54 species)
连翘、迎春*、紫丁香、欧丁香*、花叶丁香*、巧玲花、白鹃梅、郁李、麦李*、皱皮木瓜*、重瓣棣棠*、黄刺玫、金叶风箱果*、三裂绣线菊、麻叶绣线菊、华北珍珠梅、水栒子、平枝栒子*、鸡麻*、野蔷薇、红瑞木、山茱萸*、牡丹*、金银木、郁香忍冬*、新疆忍冬*、天目琼花、欧洲雪球*、香荚蒾*、黑果荚蒾*、红蕾荚蒾*、锦带花、‘红王子’锦带花*、蝟实*、糯米条、六道木、接骨木、黄芦木、卫矛、太平花、大叶醉鱼草*、莸*、牡荆*、锦鸡儿、紫荆*、木香薷、木槿*、紫薇*、蚂蚱腿子、薄皮木、牛奶子、迎红杜鹃、照山白、小叶鼠李
Forsythia suspensa, Jasminum nudiflorum*, Syringa oblata, Syringa vulgaris*, Syringa × persica*, Syringa pubescens, Exochorda racemose, Cerasus japonica, Cerasus glandulosa*, Chaenomeles speciosa*, Kerria japonica f. pleniflora*, Rosa xanthine, Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Luteus’*, Spiraea trilobata, Spiraea cantoniensis, Sorbaria kirilowii, Cotoneaster multiflorus, Cotoneaster horizontalis*, Rhodotypos scandens*, Rosa multiflora, Swida alba, Cornus officinalis*, Paeonia suffruticosa*, Lonicera maackii, Lonicera fragrantissima*, Lonicera tatarica*, Viburnum opulus var. calvescens, Viburnum opulus ‘Roseum’*, Viburnum farreri*, Viburnum melanocarpum*, Viburnum carlesii*, Weigela florida, Weigela florida ‘Red Prince’*, Kolkwitzia amabilis*Abelia chinensis, Abelia biflora, Sambucus williamsii, Berberis amurensis, Euonymus alatus, Philadelphus pekinensis, Buddleja davidii*, Caryopteris divaricata*, Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia*, Caragana sinica, Cercis chinensis*, Elsholtzia stauntoni, Hibiscus syriacus*, Lagerstroemia indica*, Myripnois dioica, Leptodermis oblonga, Elaeagnus umbellate, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Rhododendron micranthum, Rhamnus parvifolia
藤本(6种)
Liana (6 species)
紫藤、五叶地锦*、美国凌霄*、木香*、盘叶忍冬*
Wisteria sinensis, Parthenocissus quinquefolia*, Campsis radicans*, Rosa banksiae*, Lonicera tragophylla*