葡萄园生态系统碳源/汇及碳减排策略研究进展

张亮,王志磊,薛婷婷,郝笑云,杨晨露,高飞飞,王莹,韩星,李华,王华

Progress in studies of carbon source/sink and emission reduction strategies in vineyard ecosystem

ZHANG Liang,WANG Zhi-Lei,XUE Ting-Ting,HAO Xiao-Yun,YANG Chen-Lu,GAO Fei-Fei,WANG Ying,HAN Xing,LI Hua,WANG Hua

表2 不同管理技术对葡萄园生态系统碳储量的影响机理

Table 2 Mechanisms of the effects of management technology on carbon stock in vineyard ecosystem

管理技术 Management technology 措施 Measures 碳储量变化 Change of carbon stock 控制机理 Mechanisms 农艺措施 Agronomic measures 耕作 Tillage 免耕>耕作 Non-tillage > tillage 干预越小, 系统碳分解越少 Reduce intervention, reduce carbon decomposition of ecosystem 施肥 Fertilization 碳储量增加 Carbon stock increase 增加土壤有机质 Increase soil organic matter 喷药 Pesticide 碳储量降低 Carbon stock decrease 增加干预和降低土壤活性 Increase intervention and reduce soil activity 灌溉 Irrigation 碳储量降低 Carbon stock decrease 增加生态系统的人为干预 Increase human intervention in ecosystem 修剪 Pruning 碳储量增加 Carbon stock increase 增加土壤有机质 Increase soil organic matter 收割 Harvest 碳储量增加 Carbon stock increase 增加土壤有机质 Increase soil organic matter 种植方式 Establishment method 常规葡萄园碳储量低于有机葡萄园 Carbon stock of conventional vineyard lower than organic vineyard 有机葡萄园免耕土壤储存更多有机质 Organic vineyard increases organic matter in non- tillage soil 田间管理 Farmland management 复种 Multiple cropping 碳储量增加 Carbon stock increase 增加土壤有机质 Increase soil organic matter 覆盖 Covering 碳储量增加 Carbon stock increase 增加土壤有机质 Increase soil organic matter 轮作 Rotation 碳储量增加 Carbon stock increase 增加土壤有机质 Increase soil organic matter 运输 Transport 碳储量降低 Carbon stock decrease 增加生态系统的人为干预 Increase human intervention in ecosystem 其他因素 Other factors 区域 Region 不同区域碳储量不同 Different carbon stock in region 不同区域的气候和土壤质地不同 Different climates and soil textures in region 品种 Variety 红葡萄品种碳储量高于白葡萄品种 Red variety of carbon stock higher than white variety 不同葡萄品种的生物特性不同 Different biological characteristics of variety 树龄 Age 树龄越大植株碳储量越高 The more carbon stock in the older 葡萄作为碳汇, 逐年积累 Accumulation of vine year by year, as carbon sink 生长季 Growing season 植株生长季碳储量最高 The most carbon stock in growing season 生长季是一个净碳汇 A net carbon sink 温度 Temperature 温度越高碳储量越低 The higher temperature, the lower carbon stock 温度越高土壤有机质分解越快 The higher temperature, the faster decomposition of soil organic matter