图1. 涡度相关技术通量观测示意图(以CO₂通量观测为例)。左图为理想状态下大气及植被边界层状况, 右图为实际情况下的夜间与白天的大气及植被边界层情况。图中显示了涡度相关系统在实际观测中, 由于仪器设备限制、复杂的大气和下垫面条件, 使得理想状态基本假设所需条件很难满足, 针对实际状况下可能存在的不确定性来源, 在通量数据使用之前需要采用相应的校正方法对测量数据进行校正。左图中F为CO₂通量, ω为垂直风速, ρ为大气CO₂密度, T为时间。

Fig. 1. Flux measurement based on eddy covariance technique (for example CO₂ flux measurement). The left part shows the boundary layer of canopy and atmosphere in an ideal state, and the right part shows those in a real state. The basic hypotheses of eddy covariance observation in the ideal state cannot be met due to the limitations of instruments, complex atmospheric and canopy terrains in a natural ecosystem. Proper data correction approaches need to be conducted to eliminate the uncertainty of flux data. F is CO₂ flux, ω is the vertical wind speed, ρ is CO₂ density and T is time.