技术
Technique | 方法
Method | 优点
Advantage | 缺点
Disadvantage | 适用对象
Object | 应用举例
Example | 被动增温
Passive warming | 土壤移位
Soil translocation | 成本低, 易操作, 方便多点多重复
Low cost, easy to operate, convenient for multiple locations and replicates | 小尺度, 有扰动, 不能用于
森林
Small scale, disturbed, not suitable for forests | 植物和表层土壤增温, 任何生态系统, 特别是草地
Plants and surface soil warming, any ecosystem, especially grassland | Wu et al., 2012;
Li et al., 2016 | 温室
Greenhouse | 成本低, 适用于偏远无电源
地区
Low cost, suitable for remote power-free areas | 小尺度, 密闭系统, 不能用于森林
Small scale, closed system, not suitable for forests | 植物和表层土壤增温, 植物较矮、没有电源的生态系统
Plants and surface soil warming, short-stature, power-free ecosystem | Sistla et al., 2013 | 开顶式同化箱
Open-top chamber | 成本低, 多梯度增温, 适用于偏远无电源地区
Low cost, multi-gradient warming, suitable for remote power-free areas | 小尺度, 半密闭系统, 不能用于森林
Small scale, closed system, not suitable for forests | 植物和表层土壤增温, 植物较矮、没有电源的生态系统
Plants and surface soil warming, short-stature, power-free ecosystem | Henry & Molau, 1997; Elmendorf et al., 2012; Shi et al., 2017 | 主动增温
Active warming | 红外辐射器
Infrared radiators | 扰动少, 模拟真实情景
Low disturbance, simulate real warming scenario | 成本较高, 小尺度, 不能加热深层土壤, 样地面积较小
High cost, small scale, cannot heat deep soil, small plot area | 植物和表层土壤增温, 植物较矮、有电源的生态系统
Plants and surface soil warming, short-stature, power-accessible ecosystem | Harte et al., 1995; Kimball et al., 2008, 2018; Kimball & Conley, 2009; Wan et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2012; Harte et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2018 | 加热电缆
Heating cables | 可以用于加热土壤, 特别是森林土壤
Can be used to heat soil, especially forest soil | 成本较高, 小尺度, 不能加热空气和深层土壤, 有一定扰动
High cost, small scale, cannot heat air and deep soil, some disturbance | 土壤增温, 有电源, 任何生态系统, 特别是森林
Soil warming, power-accessible, any ecosystem, especially the forest | Melillo et al., 2011, 2017; Lin et al., 2018 | 新一代实验
Next-
generation | 全土壤剖面
Whole-soil-profile | 扰动少, 模拟真实土壤增温情景, 包括深层土壤
Low disturbance, simulate real soil warming scenario, including deep soil | 成本较高, 尺度较小, 不能加热空气
High cost, smaller scale, no heating of air | 土壤增温, 有电源, 任何生态系统
Soil warming, power-accessible, any ecosystem | Hanson et al., 2011; Hicks Pries et al., 2017 | | | 全生态系统
Whole-ecosystem | 扰动少, 最接近真实的生态系统增温情景
Low disturbance, closest to the real ecosystem warming scenario | 成本很高, 尺度较小, 难推广, 不能用于森林
High cost, small scale, difficult to use widely, not suitable for forest | 全生态系统增温, 有电源, 植物较矮的生态系统
Whole-ecosystem warming, power-accessible, short-stature ecosystem | Wilson et al., 2016;
Gill et al., 2017;
Hanson et al., 2017; Richardson et al., 2018 |
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