图2. 生态系统部分关键过程响应气候变暖的证据量、一致性及置信度。证据量是指报道该生态系统过程的研究文献数量, 一致性是指所有文献中支持该响应现象的百分比例。置信度由证据量与一致性的乘积表示。该方法参考了第五次IPCC报告(IPCC, 2013)中的置信度概念, 并沿用了Xia等(2014)一文中的表达方法。本图中涉及的具体发表文献请见附录I。

Fig. 2. Evidence, agreement and thus confidence of key ecosystem processes in response to climate warming. “Evidence” shows the number of studies that report on ecosystem processes. “Agreement” indicates the percentage of evidence supporting the specific warming response. Confidence is the product of “Evidence” and “Agreement” and is based on the confidence concept in the fifth IPCC report (IPCC, 2013). The figure was adapted from Xia et al. (2014). Data was obtained by a comprehensive literature search (Supplement I). ① photosynthetic acclimation; ② photosynthetic overcomepensation; ③ acclimation of plant respiration; ④ acclimation of soil respiration; ⑤ earlier spring phenology; ⑥ delayed autumn phenology; ⑦ changed species composition of plant community; ⑧ enhanced ecosystem productivity; ⑨ faster decomposition of soil organic matter; ⑩ faster soil nutrient mineralization.