图3. 云南省具有明显水热梯度的不同森林叶片性状的主成分(PC)分析。SAV, 元江干热河谷植被; STF, 哀牢山亚热带常绿阔叶林; TEF, 丽江温带针阔混交林; TRF, 西双版纳热带雨林。A_area, 单位面积最大净光合速率; A_mass, 单位质量最大净光合速率; Abs, 叶片吸收率; Area, 单叶叶面积; Epidermis_low, 下表皮厚度; Epidermis_up, 上表皮厚度; EWT, 单位面积叶片含水量; Greenness, 绿度; LDMC, 叶干物质含量; LMA, 比叶质量; Peri, 单叶叶片周长; PT, 栅栏组织与叶片厚度比值; Ref, 叶片反射率; SPI, 气孔开口面积指数; ST, 海绵组织与叶片厚度比值; St_density, 气孔密度; St_length, 气孔长度; T_r, 蒸腾速率; Thickness, 叶片厚度; Thickness_palisade, 栅栏组织厚度; Thickness_spongy, 海绵组织厚度; Trans, 叶片透射率; Vein_density, 叶脉密度。

Fig. 3. Principal components analysis of leaf traits across different forests with obvious temperature and precipitation gradients in Yunnan Province. SAV, savanna vegetation in Yuanjiang; STF, subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest in Ailao Mountain; TEF, temperate mixed forest in Lijiang; TRF, tropical rain forest in Xishuangbanna. A_area, maximum photosynthetic rate per area; A_mass, maximum photosynthetic rate per mass; Abs, absorptivity; Area, individual leaf area; Epidermis_low, thickness of lower epidermis; Epidermis_up, thickness of upper epidermis; EWT, leaf equivalent water thickness; Greenness, leaf greenness; LDMC, leaf dry matter content; LMA, leaf mass per area; Peri, individual leaf perimeter; PT, the ratio of palisade tissue thickness to leaf thickness; Ref, reflectivity; SPI, stomatal pore area index; ST, the ratio of sponge tissue thickness to leaf thickness; St_density, stomatal density; St_length, stomatal length; T_r, transpiration rate; Thickness, leaf thickness; Thickness_palisade, thickness of palisade tissue; Thickness_spongy, thickness of spongy tissue; Trans, transmissivity; Vein_density, vein density.