云南墨江极小种群物种铁竹的种群结构与群落特征
Community characteristics and population structure of Ferrocalamus strictus, a rare species in Mojiang, Yunnan, China
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
Received date: 2018-03-07
Revised date: 2018-09-10
Online published: 2018-09-26
摘要
铁竹(Ferrocalamus strictus)分布在云南南部局部区域, 其数量少, 分布范围狭窄, 为云南省极小种群物种。对铁竹野生种群结构及其所在群落特征进行研究可以为了解其濒危机制提供科学依据, 也可为其保护提供前期研究基础。该研究通过对墨江铁竹野生资源的调查, 从物种组成、种群密度、种群存活曲线和死亡因素等方面, 分析铁竹的种群结构及其所在群落特征。结果表明: (1)墨江铁竹种群所在群落的外貌、物种组成均具有山地雨林的特征; (2)墨江铁竹种群密度为2.04株·m -2; 铁竹种群的存活曲线介于Deevey-I型和Deevey-II型之间; 铁竹种群的净增殖率(R0)为1.10, 表明铁竹种群处于增长阶段; (3)导致铁竹死亡的原因有人为砍伐、自然枯立、退笋及昆虫啃食, 其中人为砍伐所占比例最大; (4)铁竹为南亚热带森林竹种, 属中型竹类, 节间长度从基部3-4节起突然伸长, 最长超过1 m, 在竹类植物中居于前列, 这与其适应热带山地雨林环境密切相关。
本文引用格式
喻丁香, 杜凡, 石明, 杨聪, 代俊 . 云南墨江极小种群物种铁竹的种群结构与群落特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2018 , 42(9) : 938 -945 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0055
Abstract
Aims As an endangered wild species with extremely small populations, Ferrocalamus strictusis narrowly distributed in South Yunnan with a small number of individuals. The survey of population structure and community characteristics of the wild population of F. strictus can facilitate understanding its endangered system and mechanisms and provide preliminary research basis for its protection.
Methods We investigated the community and population structure of F. strictus, including species composition, population density, population survivorship curve and death factors by plot surveying and sampling.
Important findings The community in which population of F. strictus is located in Mojiang has some characteristics of mountain rainforests in terms of appearance and species composition. The population density of F. strictus was 2.04 ind.·m -2. The survivorship curve of F. strictus was between Deevey-I and Deevey-II. The net proliferation rate (R0) of F. strictus population was 1.10, which indicates an expanding population of F. strictus. The death of F. strictusis shoot degradation and insects feeding. Among them, artificial cutting accounts for the largest proportion. Ferrocalamus strictus is a species of forest bamboos distributed in the South Asian subtropics, which is a medium-sized bamboo species. Its internode length change suddenly from the base 3-4 nodes. The longest ones exceed 1 m, which ranks at the top of all bamboo species and is closely related to its adaptation to the tropical mountain rainforest environment.
参考文献
| [1] | Aguilar R, Ashworth L, Galetto L, Aizen MA ( 2006). Plant reproductive susceptibility to habitat fragmentation: Review and synthesis through a metaanalysis. Ecology Letters, 9, 968-980. |
| [2] | Deevey ES Jr ( 1947). Life tables for natural populations of animals. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 22, 283-314. |
| [3] | Hui CM, Yang YM ( 2002). Chinese Bamboo Cultivation and Utilization Manual. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. 41. |
| [3] | [ 辉朝茂, 杨宇明 ( 2002). 中国竹子培育和利用手册. 中国林业出版社, 北京. 41.] |
| [4] | Hedrick PW ( 2005). A standardized genetic differentiation measure. Evolution, 59, 1633-1638. |
| [5] | Huang XT, Yin H, Huang QJ, Cui KF, Zhao Y, Jin H, Liu QB, Duan HJ ( 2018). Characteristics of population structure and community species diversity of an extremely small population of protected Phyllitis scolopendrium. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 38, 2481-2492. |
| [5] | [ 黄祥童, 尹航, 黄启健, 崔凯峰, 赵莹, 金慧, 刘启斌, 段红军 ( 2018). 极小种群野生植物对开蕨种群结构特征和群落物种多样性. 生态学报, 38, 2481-2492.] |
| [6] | Jiang H ( 1992). Population Ecology of Spruce. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. 10-21. |
| [6] | [ 江洪 ( 1992). 云杉种群生态学. 中国林业出版社, 北京. 10-21.] |
| [7] | Keng PJ, Xue JR ( 1982). Ferrocalamus, Bambusoideae, Trib. Arundinarieae, Sasinae. Journal of Bamboo Research, 1(2), 1-5. |
| [7] | [ 耿伯介, 薛纪如 ( 1982). 铁竹属——我国竹类一新属. 竹子研究汇刊, 1(2), 1-5.] |
| [8] | Kang HJ, Chen ZL, Liu P, He CY, Wei FM ( 2007). The population structure and distribution pattern of Emmenopterys henryi in Dapanshan Natural Reserve of Zhejiang Province. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 27, 389-396. |
| [8] | [ 康华靖, 陈子林, 刘鹏, 郝朝运, 韦福民 ( 2007). 大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局. 生态学报, 27, 389-396.] |
| [9] | Li EL, Zhou D, Du F, Hou ZQ ( 2015). Discovery of wild Ferrocalamus strictus community in Mojiang County. Forest Inventory and Planning, ( 4), 55-56. |
| [9] | [ 李恩良, 周丹, 杜凡, 侯昭强 ( 2015). 墨江县发现野生铁竹群落. 林业调查规划, ( 4), 55-56.] |
| [10] | Nguyen HN, Tran VT, Nguyen VT ( 2012). Ferrocalamus fibrillosus( Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new species from Vietnam. Annales Botanici Fennici, 49, 206-208. |
| [11] | Qin ZS, Taylor A, Liu J ( 1993). Determination of culm age of bamboo species as giant pandas staple food and assessment of their population dynamics. Sichuan Environment, ( 4), 26-29. |
| [11] | [ 秦自生, 艾伦·泰勒, 刘捷 ( 1993). 大熊猫主食竹种秆龄鉴定及种群动态评估. 四川环境, ( 4), 26-29.] |
| [12] | Sun WB, Han CY ( 2015). Researches and conservation for plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP). Biodiversity Science, 23, 426-429. |
| [12] | [ 孙卫邦, 韩春艳 ( 2015). 论极小种群野生植物的研究及科学保护. 生物多样性, 23, 426-429.] |
| [13] | Wen TH ( 1984). New taxa of Bambusoideae in China (I). Journal of Bamboo Research,( 2), 23-47. |
| [13] | [ 温太辉 ( 1984). 我国竹类新分类群 (之一). 竹子研究汇刊, ( 2), 23-47.] |
| [14] | Yang WZ, Xiang ZY, Zhang SS, Kang HM, Shi FQ ( 2015). Plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP) and their significance in China’s national plant conservation strategy. Biodiversity Science, 23, 419-425. |
| [14] | [ 杨文忠, 向振勇, 张珊珊, 康洪梅, 史富强 ( 2015). 极小种群野生植物的概念及其对我国野生植物保护的影响. 生物多样性, 23, 419-425.] |
| [15] | Zhou FC ( 1998). Stalk structure of bamboo. Bamboo Research, ( 1), 79-84. |
| [15] | [ 周芳纯 ( 1998). 竹植物的秆形结构. 竹类研究, ( 1), 79-84.] |