滇牡丹自然种群数量动态

李奎, 郑宝强, 王雁, 卜文圣

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

植物生态学报 >

2012 , Vol. 36 >Issue 6: 522 - 529

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

研究论文

滇牡丹自然种群数量动态

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¹林木遗传育种国家重点实验室, 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所, 北京 100091
²中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 北京 100091

*(E-mail:wangyan@caf.ac.cn)

收稿日期: 2011-09-13

录用日期: 2012-04-10

网络出版日期: 2012-06-04

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Numeric dynamics of natural populations of Paeonia delavayi (Paeoniaceae)

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¹State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding;Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
²Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received date: 2011-09-13

Accepted date: 2012-04-10

Online published: 2012-06-04

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摘要

运用种群静态生命表、存活曲线、生殖力表和Leslie矩阵模型研究了中国西南特有濒危植物滇牡丹(Paeonia delavayi)种群数量动态过程。静态生命表和种群存活曲线表明: 滇牡丹在株龄3-6 a之间经历了较强的环境筛, 其单株生理寿命为15 a左右, 平均周期为8 a, 种群的净增殖率(R₀= 0.985 7)、内禀增长率(r_m = -0.001 7)和周限增长率(λ = 0.998 3)表明其为衰退型种群; 滇牡丹种群存活表现为台阶型曲线(B1型), 分别在6 a和12 a阶段种群消亡率(K_x)较高。Leslie矩阵模型的模拟结果表明, 在未来30 a内种群数量呈现出下降趋势, 大约下降了50%, 其种群数量靠自身根系的萌蘖和种子繁殖共同维持。野生滇牡丹种群数量下降与其自身繁殖特性有关, 但主要原因是人为采挖和生态环境的破坏。

关键词： 濒危植物; Leslie模型; 种群数量动态; 滇牡丹

本文引用格式

李奎, 郑宝强, 王雁, 卜文圣 . 滇牡丹自然种群数量动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2012 , 36(6) : 522 -529 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

Abstract

Aims Paeonia delavayi (Paeoniaceae) is an endangered plant restricted to southwestern China. Our objective was to study the numerical population dynamics of the largest and most concentrated natural population in Shangri-La, Yunnan Province, China.
Methods The distribution area of P. delavayi was investigated from 2009 to 2011. We studied the numerical dynamics of the population using static life table, survivorship and mortality curves, fecundity schedule and Leslie matrix model.
Important findings P. delavayi underwent strong environmental screening at ages three to six years. The physiological life span was about 15 years, and generation span was eight years. The net reproductive rate (R₀= 0.9857), intrinsic rate of increase (r_m = -0.0017) and finite rate of increase (λ = 0.9983) were relatively low, indicating that the population was decreasing. The Leslie matrix model showed that plant numbers from seedlings and sprouts declined about 50% during the past 30 years. The survival rate exhibited a steep curve (B1 type). The mortality rate of individuals was different at every stage, and the killing power (K_x) was high at the ages of six and 12 years. The present population is maintained mainly by sprouts and seedlings. Likely key threats to the species are the damaged ecological environment and human disturbances.

Key words： endangered plant; Leslie matrix model; numeric dynamics of population; Paeonia delavayi

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