滇牡丹自然种群数量动态

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用种群静态生命表、存活曲线、生殖力表和Leslie矩阵模型研究了中国西南特有濒危植物滇牡丹(Paeonia delavayi)种群数量动态过程。静态生命表和种群存活曲线表明: 滇牡丹在株龄3-6 a之间经历了较强的环境筛, 其单株生理寿命为15 a左右, 平均周期为8 a, 种群的净增殖率(R₀= 0.985 7)、内禀增长率(r_m = -0.001 7)和周限增长率(λ = 0.998 3)表明其为衰退型种群; 滇牡丹种群存活表现为台阶型曲线(B1型), 分别在6 a和12 a阶段种群消亡率(K_x)较高。Leslie矩阵模型的模拟结果表明, 在未来30 a内种群数量呈现出下降趋势, 大约下降了50%, 其种群数量靠自身根系的萌蘖和种子繁殖共同维持。野生滇牡丹种群数量下降与其自身繁殖特性有关, 但主要原因是人为采挖和生态环境的破坏。

关键词: 濒危植物, Leslie模型, 种群数量动态, 滇牡丹

Abstract:

Aims Paeonia delavayi (Paeoniaceae) is an endangered plant restricted to southwestern China. Our objective was to study the numerical population dynamics of the largest and most concentrated natural population in Shangri-La, Yunnan Province, China.
Methods The distribution area of P. delavayi was investigated from 2009 to 2011. We studied the numerical dynamics of the population using static life table, survivorship and mortality curves, fecundity schedule and Leslie matrix model.
Important findings P. delavayi underwent strong environmental screening at ages three to six years. The physiological life span was about 15 years, and generation span was eight years. The net reproductive rate (R₀= 0.9857), intrinsic rate of increase (r_m = -0.0017) and finite rate of increase (λ = 0.9983) were relatively low, indicating that the population was decreasing. The Leslie matrix model showed that plant numbers from seedlings and sprouts declined about 50% during the past 30 years. The survival rate exhibited a steep curve (B1 type). The mortality rate of individuals was different at every stage, and the killing power (K_x) was high at the ages of six and 12 years. The present population is maintained mainly by sprouts and seedlings. Likely key threats to the species are the damaged ecological environment and human disturbances.

Key words: endangered plant, Leslie matrix model, numeric dynamics of population, Paeonia delavayi

李奎, 郑宝强, 王雁, 卜文圣. 滇牡丹自然种群数量动态. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(6): 522-529. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

LI Kui, ZHENG Bao-Qiang, WANG Yan, BU Wen-Sheng. Numeric dynamics of natural populations of Paeonia delavayi (Paeoniaceae). Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(6): 522-529. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00522

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I6/522

图/表 6

参考文献 27

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x	l_x	d_x	q_x	L_x	T_x	e_x	a_x	lna_x	lnl_x	K_x
1	986	145.194	147.303	913.088	913.088	0.926	482	6.178	6.893	0.159
3	840	-159.509	-189.781	920.245	1 833.333	2.181	411	6.019	6.734	-0.174
6	1 000	347.648	347.648	826.176	2 659.509	2.660	489	6.192	6.908	0.427
9	652	161.554	247.649	571.575	3 231.084	4.953	319	5.765	6.481	0.285
12	491	312.883	637.500	334.356	3 565.440	7.265	240	5.481	6.196	1.015
15	178	32.720	183.908	161.554	3 726.994	20.948	87	4.466	5.181	0.203
18	145	145.194	1 000	317.097	4 044.091	27.853	71	4.263	4.978	4.978

x	l_x	d_x	q_x	L_x	T_x	e_x	a_x	lna_x	lnl_x	K_x
1	986	145.194	147.303	913.088	913.088	0.926	482	6.178	6.893	0.159
3	840	-159.509	-189.781	920.245	1 833.333	2.181	411	6.019	6.734	-0.174
6	1 000	347.648	347.648	826.176	2 659.509	2.660	489	6.192	6.908	0.427
9	652	161.554	247.649	571.575	3 231.084	4.953	319	5.765	6.481	0.285
12	491	312.883	637.500	334.356	3 565.440	7.265	240	5.481	6.196	1.015
15	178	32.720	183.908	161.554	3 726.994	20.948	87	4.466	5.181	0.203
18	145	145.194	1 000	317.097	4 044.091	27.853	71	4.263	4.978	4.978

x	l_x	m_x	l_x m_x	xl_xm_x
1	0.986	0.000	0.000	0.000
3	0.840	0.151	0.127	0.380
6	1.000	0.335	0.335	2.012
9	0.652	0.414	0.270	2.429
12	0.491	0.358	0.176	2.110
15	0.178	0.287	0.051	0.767
18	0.145	0.183	0.027	0.479
种群净增殖率 Net reproductive rate of population R₀= 0.985 7
内禀增长率 Intrinsic rate of increase r_m = -0.001 7
周限增长率 Finite rate of increase λ = 0.998 3
世代平均周期 Generation span T = 8.296 7

x	l_x	m_x	l_x m_x	xl_xm_x
1	0.986	0.000	0.000	0.000
3	0.840	0.151	0.127	0.380
6	1.000	0.335	0.335	2.012
9	0.652	0.414	0.270	2.429
12	0.491	0.358	0.176	2.110
15	0.178	0.287	0.051	0.767
18	0.145	0.183	0.027	0.479
种群净增殖率 Net reproductive rate of population R₀= 0.985 7
内禀增长率 Intrinsic rate of increase r_m = -0.001 7
周限增长率 Finite rate of increase λ = 0.998 3
世代平均周期 Generation span T = 8.296 7

	0	0.182	0.217	0.207	0.169	0.130
矩阵 Matrix (M) =	1.255	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0.898	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0.692	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0.585	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0.483	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0.449
	0	0	0	0	0	0