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植物生态学报 >

2025 , Vol. 49 >Issue 2: 232 - 243

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0164

研究论文

长白山森林功能多样性与地上碳汇功能的关系及其随演替的变化

  • 吴闫宁 ,
  • 郝珉辉 ,
  • 何怀江 ,
  • 张春雨 ,
  • 赵秀海
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  • 1北京林业大学国家林业和草原局森林经营工程技术研究中心, 北京 100083
    2吉林省林业科学研究院, 长春 130013
*郝珉辉: (haomh@bjfu.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2024-05-20

  录用日期: 2024-09-28

  网络出版日期: 2024-09-29

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(32201555);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2201003)

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Relationships between functional diversity and aboveground carbon sink functions and their changes with forest succession in Changbai Mountains, China

  • WU Yan-Ning ,
  • HAO Min-Hui ,
  • HE Huai-Jiang ,
  • ZHANG Chun-Yu ,
  • ZHAO Xiu-Hai
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  • 1Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    2Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences, Changchun 130013, China

Received date: 2024-05-20

  Accepted date: 2024-09-28

  Online published: 2024-09-29

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201555);National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD2201003)

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摘要

森林是陆地生态系统最大的碳库, 促进森林“保碳增汇”是实现“双碳”目标的关键途径。生物多样性是生态系统功能形成和维持的重要基础, 阐明森林生物多样性与碳汇功能关系及其作用机制是提高森林碳汇能力的重要前提。然而, 在温带森林演替过程中, 生物多样性对森林碳汇功能的相对贡献及其背后的生态学过程并不清楚。该研究以长白山原始红松(Pinus koraiensis)阔叶混交林及其次生林为研究对象, 基于森林大样地两期群落调查数据, 结合不同树种的功能性状数据计算森林功能多样性和功能组成, 分别用于反映生态位互补效应和质量比率效应, 同时运用森林初始地上碳储量反映植被绿量效应, 通过结构方程模型检验不同多样性效应对森林碳储量和固碳速率的影响, 并探讨其随森林演替的变化。结果表明, 生物多样性对森林碳汇功能的影响机制随森林演替而变化。在次生杨桦林阶段(演替早期), 生态位互补效应、质量比率效应以及植被绿量效应共同影响森林碳汇功能; 在次生针阔混交林阶段(演替中期), 质量比率效应是影响森林碳汇功能的主要机制; 而在原始红松阔叶混交林阶段(演替顶极), 质量比率效应和植被绿量效应对碳汇的影响更为显著。此外, 局域环境对森林碳储量和固碳速率也有显著影响。该研究在功能性状维度上, 揭示了长白山森林演替过程中, 生物多样性与碳汇功能关系及其作用机理, 研究结果有助于理解温带森林碳汇功能的维持机制, 同时为东北地区次生林的生态修复以及碳汇功能提升提供科学理论支持。

关键词： 生物多样性; 功能多样性; 功能组成; 森林碳储量; 碳汇功能; 森林演替

本文引用格式

吴闫宁 , 郝珉辉 , 何怀江 , 张春雨 , 赵秀海 . 长白山森林功能多样性与地上碳汇功能的关系及其随演替的变化[J]. 植物生态学报, 2025 , 49(2) : 232 -243 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0164

Abstract

Aims Forests serve as the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems. Promoting forests carbon sequestration and carbon sink is a key approach to achieving the “double carbon” target. Biodiversity is a crucial foundation for maintaining ecosystem functions. Clarifying the relationship between forest biodiversity and carbon sink function is an important prerequisite for enhancing forest carbon sequestration and carbon sink. However, the relative contribution of biodiversity to forest carbon sink function along temperate forest succession, as well as the corresponding ecological processes are not clear.

Methods This study focuses on the primary Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) - broadleaf mixed forest and the secondary forests in Changbai Mountains. Based on the data from two-phase forest community surveys, we calculated forest functional diversity and functional composition, which reflect the niche complementarity effect and the mass ratio effect, respectively. Additionally, we used forest initial aboveground carbon storage to represent the green vegetation effect. Finally, utilizing structural equation modeling, we examined the impact of different ecological effects on forest carbon storage and carbon sequestration rate, and tested the impact changes with forest succession.

Important findings We found the ecological mechanisms underlying the relationship between forest biodiversity and carbon sink function changed with forest succession. In the secondary poplar-birch forest (i.e., early successional stage), the mass ratio effect, niche complementarity effect, and vegetation quantity effect jointly affected the carbon sink function. In the secondary conifer-broadleaf mixed forest stage (i.e., middle successional stage), the mass ratio effect was the main mechanism affecting forest carbon sink function. In the primary Korean pine-broadleaf mixed forest (i.e., climax stage), the mass ratio effect and vegetation quantity effect exhibited more significant impacts. Additionally, the local environment also significantly influenced forest carbon storage and carbon sequestration rate. This study revealed the relationship between forest biodiversity and carbon sink function, as well as its underlying mechanisms, and their changes with forest succession in Changbai Mountains. These results deepen our understanding in the complex mechanisms of carbon sink function in temperate forests, and provide scientific support for the ecological restoration and management of secondary forests in Northeast China.

Key words： biodiversity; functional diversity; functional composition; forest carbon stock; carbon sink function; forest succession

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