我国退化草地恢复的限制因子与关键技术研究

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0433

摘要/Abstract

杨元合, 彭云峰. 我国退化草地恢复的限制因子与关键技术研究. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0433

YANG Yuan-He, PENG Yun-Feng. Limiting factors and key techniques for restoration of degraded grasslands in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0433

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0433

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I1/1

图/表 1

图1 生态草牧业专项中涉及的退化天然草地恢复技术研发平台位置。图中植被底图源自1:1 000 000中国植被图(中国科学院中国植被图编辑委员会, 2007)。1, 呼伦贝尔草甸草原; 2, 呼伦贝尔沙地; 3, 锡林郭勒典型草原; 4, 鄂尔多斯荒漠草原; 5, 三江源高寒草甸; 6, 甘南高寒草甸; 7, 昭通南方草地。

Fig. 1 Locations of experimental platforms for developing key techniques for restoration of degraded grasslands involved in the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences. The background map was obtained from the vegetation map of China with a scale of 1:1 000 000 (The Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2007). 1, meadow steppe in Hulun Buir; 2, sandy land in Hulun Buir; 3, typical steppe in Xilin Gol; 4, desert steppe in Ordos; 5, alpine meadow in Three-River Source; 6, alpine meadow in Gannan; 7, southern grassland in Zhaotong.

参考文献 36

[1]	Bai YF, Cotrufo MF (2022). Grassland soil carbon sequestration: current understanding, challenges, and solutions. Science, 377, 603-608. DOI PMID
[2]	Bai YF, Pan QM, Xing Q (2016). Fundamental theories and technologies for optimizing the production functions and ecological functions in grassland ecosystems. Chinese Science Bulletin, 61, 201-212.
	[白永飞, 潘庆民, 邢旗 (2016). 草地生产与生态功能合理配置的理论基础与关键技术. 科学通报, 61, 201-212.]
[3]	Bardgett RD, Bullock JM, Lavorel S, Manning P, Schaffner U, Ostle N, Chomel M, Durigan G, Fry EL, Johnson D, Lavallee JM, Le Provost G, Luo S, Png K, Sankaran M, et al. (2021). Combatting global grassland degradation. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 2, 720-735.
[4]	Dong SK (2024). Research on the Sustainable Development Strategy of China’s Grasslands. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing.
	[董世魁 (2024). 中国草原可持续发展战略研究. 中国林业出版社, 北京.]
[5]	Du SH, Chu JM, Duan JG, Xue JG, Xu L, Xu XQ, Wang QB, Huang JH, Zhang Q (2025). Influence of lignin phenols on soil organic carbon in degradated grassland in Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 30-41.
	[杜淑辉, 褚建民, 段俊光, 薛建国, 徐磊, 徐晓庆, 王其兵, 黄建辉, 张倩 (2025). 木质素酚类物质对内蒙古退化草地土壤有机碳的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 30-41.] DOI
[6]	Fang JY, Geng XQ, Zhao X, Shen HH, Hu HF (2018). How many areas of grasslands are there in China? Chinese Science Bulletin, 63, 1731-1739.
	[方精云, 耿晓庆, 赵霞, 沈海花, 胡会峰 (2018). 我国草地面积有多大? 科学通报, 63, 1731-1739.]
[7]	Fang K, Wang YX, Huang JH, Duan JG, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Gan HH, Chu JM (2025). Deciphering the nutrient factors limiting vegetation restoration under different degradation stages in typical steppe of Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 7-18. DOI
	[房凯, 王迎新, 黄建辉, 段俊光, 张琦, 张倩, 甘红豪, 褚建民 (2025). 内蒙古典型草原不同退化阶段植被恢复的养分限制因子解析. 植物生态学报, 49, 7-18.] DOI
[8]	Hao YQ, Liu W, Yang Y, An BE, Fan B, Li C, Cui JH, Cheng YB, Sun JM, Pan QM (2025). Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on density and individual biomass of Leymus chinensis in degraded grasslands. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 148-158.
	[郝毅晴, 刘伟, 杨阳, 安冰儿, 范冰, 李超, 崔久辉, 程延彬, 孙佳美, 潘庆民 (2025). 有机肥和无机肥对退化草原羊草种群密度和个体生物量的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 148-158.] DOI
[9]	Harris RB (2010). Rangeland degradation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: a review of the evidence of its magnitude and causes. Journal of Arid Environments, 74, 1-12.
[10]	He JS, Liu ZP, Yao T, Sun SC, Lü Z, Hu XW, Cao GM, Wu XW, Li L, Bu HY, Zhu JX (2020). Analysis of the main constraints and restoration techniques of degraded grassland on the Tibetan Plateau. Science & Technology Review, 38(17), 66-80.
	[贺金生, 刘志鹏, 姚拓, 孙书存, 吕植, 胡小文, 曹广民, 吴新卫, 李黎, 卜海燕, 朱剑霄 (2020). 青藏高原退化草地恢复的制约因子及修复技术. 科技导报, 38(17), 66-80.] DOI
[11]	Hou FJ, Li L, Ning J, Lou SN, Li CJ, Shen YY, Nan ZB, Ren JZ (2024). Development trends and key scientific issues of grassland agriculture based on the big food view. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 38, 647-657.
	[侯扶江, 李岚, 宁娇, 娄珊宁, 李春杰, 沈禹颖, 南志标, 任继周 (2024). 基于大食物观的草地农业发展趋势及关键科学问题. 中国科学基金, 38, 647-657.]
[12]	Hou XY, Zhang YJ (2018). Analysis on driving factors of improvement of quality and efficiency and transformation development of grasslands and animal husbandry industry. Chinese Science Bulletin, 63, 1632-1641.
	[侯向阳, 张玉娟 (2018). 草牧业提质增效转型发展的驱动要素分析. 科学通报, 63, 1632-1641.]
[13]	Li TQ, Cao JR, Liu XN, Tian SH, Lan BL, Qiu Y, Xue JG, Zhang Q, Chu JM, Zhang SM, Huang JH, Li LH, Wang QB (2025). Response of soil enzyme activity to grazing and identification of soil limiting nutrients in typical steppe of Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 19-29. DOI
	[李天琦, 曹继容, 柳小妮, 田思惠, 兰波兰, 邱颖, 薛建国, 张倩, 褚建民, 张淑敏, 黄建辉, 李凌浩, 王其兵 (2025). 内蒙古典型草原土壤酶化学计量与限制性养分对放牧的响应. 植物生态学报, 49, 19-29.] DOI
[14]	Liu W, Hao YQ, Sun JM, Wang J, Fan B, Hao JX, Jin NS, Pan QM (2025). Theory and application of soil nutrient regulation for degraded steppe in Hulun Buir, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 138-147.
	[刘伟, 郝毅晴, 孙佳美, 王璟, 范冰, 郝建玺, 金那申, 潘庆民 (2025). 呼伦贝尔退化草原土壤养分调控的原理与技术. 植物生态学报, 49, 138-147.] DOI
[15]	Ma DF, Jia CZ, Wang XP, Zhao PP, Hu XW (2025). Effect of multi-species grouping on restoration of alpine degraded meadows in Gannan, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 93-102.
	[马东峰, 贾存智, 王学朋, 赵鹏鹏, 胡小文 (2025). 甘南高寒退化草甸多物种组配的修复效果评估. 植物生态学报, 49, 93-102.] DOI
[16]	Ma LH, Meng XC, Wang GQ, Ma ZF, Li YK, Li YM, Zhou HK, Zhang FW, Lin L (2025). Effects of moss crust inoculation on soil properties and microbial communities in alpine meadow in Sanjiangyuan, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 173-188.
	[马录花, 孟宪超, 王贵强, 马子峰, 李以康, 李月梅, 周华坤, 张法伟, 林丽 (2025). 藓类结皮接种对三江源高寒草甸土壤性状和微生物的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 173-188.] DOI
[17]	Niu YP, Gao XX, Yao ST, Yang YH, Peng YF (2025). Linkages of plant diversity and functional groups to aboveground productivity upon alpine grassland degradation. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 83-92. DOI
	[牛亚平, 高晓霞, 姚世庭, 杨元合, 彭云峰 (2025). 退化高寒草地植物多样性和功能群组成与地上生产力的关系. 植物生态学报, 49, 83-92.] DOI
[18]	Pan QM, Sun JM, Yang YH, Liu W, Li A, Peng YF, Xue JG, Xia H, Huang JH (2021). Issues and solutions on grassland restoration and conservation in China. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 36, 666-674.
	[潘庆民, 孙佳美, 杨元合, 刘伟, 李昂, 彭云峰, 薛建国, 夏昊, 黄建辉 (2021). 我国草原恢复与保护的问题与对策. 中国科学院院刊, 36, 666-674.]
[19]	Pan QM, Yang YH, Huang JH (2023). Limiting factors of degraded grassland restoration in China and related basic scientific issues. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 37, 571-579.
	[潘庆民, 杨元合, 黄建辉 (2023). 我国退化草原恢复的限制因子及需要解决的基础科学问题. 中国科学基金, 37, 571-579.]
[20]	Peng YF, Chang JF, Zhao X, Shi Y, Bai YX, Li QL, Yao ST, Ma WH, Fang JY, Yang YH (2023). Grassland carbon sink in China and its promotion strategies. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 37, 587-602.
	[彭云峰, 常锦峰, 赵霞, 石岳, 白宇轩, 李秦鲁, 姚世庭, 马文红, 方精云, 杨元合 (2023). 中国草地生态系统固碳能力及其提升途径. 中国科学基金, 37, 587-602.]
[21]	Sun JM, An BE, Liu W, Wang J, Pan QM (2025). Propagule regulation technique in grasslands: cultivation and transplantation of “propagule island”. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 129-137.
	[孙佳美, 安冰儿, 刘伟, 王璟, 潘庆民 (2025). 草原植物繁殖体调控技术: “蘖芽岛”的培育与移植. 植物生态学报, 49, 129-137.] DOI
[22]	The Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2007). 1:1 000 000 Vegetation Map of the People’s Republic of China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.
	[中国科学院中国植被图编辑委员会 (2007). 1:1 000 000中国植被图集. 地质出版社, 北京.]
[23]	Wang DL, Wang L, Xin XP, Li LH, Tang HJ (2020). Systematic restoration for degraded grasslands: concept, mechanisms and approaches. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 53, 2532-2540. DOI
	[王德利, 王岭, 辛晓平, 李凌浩, 唐华俊 (2020). 退化草地的系统性恢复: 概念、机制与途径. 中国农业科学, 53, 2532-2540.] DOI
[24]	Wang L, Li X, Wang Y, Wang X, Hu XW, Yang M, Zhu JX (2025). Effects of different coating agents on seed growth and planting of native grasses in alpine grassland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 118-128. DOI
	[王麟, 李雪, 王愉, 王新, 胡小文, 杨梅, 朱剑霄 (2025). 不同配方种衣剂对高寒草地乡土草种种子生长与建植的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 118-128.] DOI
[25]	Wang WY, Xiao YM, Wang XY, Xu JX, Ma YH, Li QF, Zhou GY (2025). Relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in degraded alpine meadows under multifunctional group species combination models. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 103-117.
	[王雯莹, 肖元明, 王小赟, 徐嘉晰, 马玉花, 李强峰, 周国英 (2025). 多功能群物种配置模式下退化高寒草甸植物多样性与生态系统多功能性的关联. 植物生态学报, 49, 103-117.] DOI
[26]	Wu Q, Zhu AM, Ju X, Han GD (2023). Advances in effects of climate change and grazing disturbance on soil organic carbon in grasslands. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 44(5), 73-80.
	[武倩, 朱爱民, 鞠馨, 韩国栋 (2023). 气候变化和放牧干扰对草地土壤有机碳的影响研究进展. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 44(5), 73-80.]
[27]	Xia MC, Li QQ, Qian QQ, Ren SJ, Liang YC, Chen TY, Li YJ, Mou ZM, Chen SY (2025). Effect of dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum on the growth and physiological performance of Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 189-198.
	[夏敏菖, 李倩倩, 钱清清, 任淑君, 梁应冲, 陈亭颖, 李映佳, 牟宗敏, 陈穗云 (2025). 青霉菌灭活菌丝体对白车轴草和黑麦草生长和生理特性的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 189-198.] DOI
[28]	Xu H, Su H, Li YG, Su BY, Yang JC, Li YQ, Wang ZW (2025). Exploration of livestock-poultry-grassland systems: the influence of different land use types on the grassland dominated by Leymus chinensis in northern China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 211-220.
	[许宏, 苏华, 李永庚, 苏本营, 杨景成, 李玉强, 王正文 (2025). 畜禽草耦合模式探索——不同土地利用方式对中国北方草地羊草植物群落的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 211-220.] DOI
[29]	Xu JX, Xiao YM, Wang XY, Wang WY, Ma YH, Li QF, Zhou GY (2025). Effects of microbial fertilizer and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer backfilling on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities in degraded alpine meadows. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 159-172.
	[徐嘉昕, 肖元明, 王小赟, 王雯莹, 马玉花, 李强峰, 周国英 (2025). 微生物菌肥与氮磷肥回补对退化高寒草甸土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 159-172.] DOI
[30]	Xu MZ, Lu ZK, Tan XR, Wang YB, Su TC, Dou SD, Pan QM, Chen SP (2025). Identification of key factors and construction of a rapid diagnostic indicator system for evaluation of grassland degradation in Hulun Buir meadow grasslands. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 42-58.
	[许梦真, 卢正宽, 谭星儒, 王彦兵, 苏天成, 窦山德, 潘庆民, 陈世苹 (2025). 呼伦贝尔草甸草原退化特征因子识别与快速诊断指标体系构建. 植物生态学报, 49, 42-58.] DOI
[31]	Yao B, Chen Y, Cao WJ, Gong XW, Luo YQ, Zheng CZ, Wang XY, Wang ZW, Li YQ (2025). Vegetation-soil interaction on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus and associated microbial driving mechanisms at Hulun Buir Sandy Land. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 59-73. DOI
	[姚博, 陈云, 曹雯婕, 龚相文, 罗永清, 郑成卓, 王旭洋, 王正文, 李玉强 (2025). 呼伦贝尔退化沙地植被-土壤碳氮磷互馈关系及微生物驱动机制. 植物生态学报, 49, 59-73.] DOI
[32]	Yao BH, Wang R, Tan ZX, Zhang Y, Wang YH, Wang SQ, Zhou HK, Qu JP (2025). Effects of Eimeria spp. control of plateau pika on the plant community characteristics of alpine grassland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 199-210.
	[姚宝辉, 王蓉, 谈昭贤, 张妍, 王义弘, 王苏芹, 周华坤, 曲家鹏 (2025). 艾美耳球虫投放对高原鼠兔及高寒草地植被群落特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 49, 199-210.] DOI
[33]	Zhang H, Zhao YP, Liu XC, Guo ZP, Hu GR, Feng YH, Ma MJ (2025). Dynamics of soil seed bank and its role in plant community regeneration during alpine meadow degradation. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 49, 74-82. DOI
	[张辉, 赵赟鹏, 刘晓琛, 郭增鹏, 胡国瑞, 冯彦浩, 马妙君 (2025). 高寒草甸退化过程中土壤种子库的变化及其在植物群落更新中的潜在作用. 植物生态学报, 49, 74-82.] DOI
[34]	Zhang YJ, Liang JY, He JS, Han GD, Bai YF (2024). Formation and regulation mechanisms of grassland productivity: a review. Chinese Science Bulletin. DOI: 10.1360/TB-2024-0285.
	[张英俊, 梁俊毅, 贺金生, 韩国栋, 白永飞 (2024). 草原生产力形成与调控机制研究展望. 科学通报. DOI: 10.1360/TB-2024-0285.]
[35]	Zhao XQ (2011). Degraded Grassland Ecosystem Restoration and Sustainable Management for Three-River Source Area. Science Press, Beijing.
	[赵新全 (2011). 三江源区退化草地生态系统恢复与可持续管理. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[36]	Zhu JX, Shang ZH, Jiang SJ, Shi Y, Feng QS, Zhao XQ, Xin XP, Yan YC, Su YJ, He JS (2024). Key scientific questions of grassland protection, restoration and function improvement. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 38, 658-667.
	[朱剑霄, 尚占环, 蒋胜竞, 师研, 冯琦胜, 赵新全, 辛晓平, 闫玉春, 苏艳军, 贺金生 (2024). 草地生态系统保护、修复与功能提升的关键科学问题. 中国科学基金, 38, 658-667.]