加勒比松林凋落物对地表径流和氮、磷流失的影响

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以佛山的加勒比松林(Pinus caribaea)为对象, 研究了其地表径流及N和P流失量特点。结果表明, 有凋落物加勒比松林和无凋落物加勒比松林的年径流量分别为12.6和51.8 mm, 其中夏季占90%以上。2种林分的地表径流量和降雨量的关系遵循线性方程。除2007年7月和2008年2月外, 各月地表径流N浓度为有凋落物加勒比松林大于无凋落物加勒比松林, 浓度的差异主要是因为年径流量不同引起的。总体来看, 有凋落物加勒比松林的地表径流P浓度高, 无凋落物加勒比松林低。地表径流N浓度与径流量之间存在着负指数关系。有凋落物加勒比松林和无凋落物加勒比松林的地表径流总N输出量分别为341和983 g·hm^-2, 夏季分别占其年N流失量的73%和64%。无凋落物加勒比松林的地表径流P流失量高达21.5 g·hm^-2, 而有凋落物加勒比松林为6.5 g·hm^-2。2008年6月为有凋落物加勒比松林和无凋落物加勒比松林的地表径流P流失高峰, 分别占其年流失量的46%和60%。因此, 保留林下凋落物可以降低加勒比松林的N和P的流失。

关键词: 加勒比松, 地表径流, 氮流失, 磷流失

Abstract:

Aims Litter reduces surface runoff directly by an interception effect and indirectly by a barrier effect. Our objective is to study the effects of litter in Pinus caribaea stands on runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus losses by analyzing their runoff.
Methods We collected runoff from a P. caribaea stand with litter and a P. caribaea stand without litter in Foshan, Guandong Province and analyzed concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff in the lab.
Important findings Annual runoff amounts of the stands with and without litter were 12.6 and 51.8 mm, respectively, with >90% of annual runoff in summer. The relationships between rainfall and runoff in both stands were linear. Except for July 2007 and February 2008, monthly N concentration of the stand with litter was greater than the stand without litter, which was mainly caused by the difference in runoff amount between the two stands. Generally, monthly P concentration in the stand with litter was greater than that in the stand without litter. A negative exponent relationship existed between runoff and N concentration. Annual N losses of the stands with and without litter were 341 and 983 g·hm^-2, respectively, accounting for 73% and 64% of their annual N losses, respectively. Annual P losses of the stands with and without litter were 6.5 and 21.5 g·hm^-2, respectively. The greatest monthly P losses of the stands with litter and without litter occurred in June 2008, accounting 46% and 60% of their annual P losses, respectively. Therefore, N and P exports from P. caribaea stands could be significantly reduced by keeping litter in place.

Key words: Pinus caribaea, runoff, nitrogen loss, phosphorus loss

薛立, 史小玲, 冯慧芳, 傅静丹, 郑卫国, 田雪琴. 加勒比松林凋落物对地表径流和氮、磷流失的影响. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(5): 878-884. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.006

XUE Li, SHI Xiao-Ling, FENG Hui-Fang, FU Jing-Dan, ZHENG Wei-Guo, TIAN Xue-Qin. EFFECTS OF LITTER IN PINUS CARIBAEA STANDS ON RUNOFF AND NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS LOSSES. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(5): 878-884. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.006

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.006

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I5/878

图/表 7

图1 两个林分的地表径流(A)和降雨量的月动态(B) □: 有凋落物加勒比松林Pinus caribaea with litter ?: 无凋落物加勒比松林P. caribaea without litter : 降雨量 Rainfall

Fig. 1 Monthly surface runoff of two stands (A) and monthly rainfall of stands (B)

图2 地表径流与降雨量的关系 ●: 有凋落物加勒比松林 Pinus caribaea with litter ▲: 无凋落物加勒比松林 P. caribaea without litter

Fig. 2 Relationship between surface runoff and rainfall

图3 两个林分地表径流中N浓度的月动态 □: 有凋落物加勒比松林 Pinus caribaea with litter ?: 无凋落物加勒比松林 P. caribaea without litter 不同字母表示差异显著(p＜0.05) Different letters denote that two stands were significantly different at p＜0.05 level

Fig. 3 Monthly N concentration of runoff in two stands

图4 两个林分地表径流中P浓度月动态图注同图3 Notes see Fig. 3

Fig. 4 Monthly P concentration of runoff in two stands

图5 地表径流量和N浓度的关系 A: 有凋落物加勒比松林 Pinus caribaea with litter B: 无凋落物加勒比松林 P. caribaea without litter

Fig. 5 Relationship between surface runoff and N concentration

图6 两个林分的N流失量月动态 □: 有凋落物加勒比松林 Pinus caribaea with litter ?: 无凋落物加勒比松林 P. caribaea without litter

Fig. 6 Monthly N loss of two stands

图7 两个林分的P流失量月动态 □: 有凋落物加勒比松林 Pinus caribaea with litter ?: 无凋落物加勒比松林 P. caribaea without litter

Fig. 7 Monthly P loss of two stands

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